Table Of ContentBeaufortia
INSTITUTE FORSYSTEMATICSANDPOPULATIONBIOLOGY
(ZOOLOGICAL MUSEUM)UNIVERSITYOF AMSTERDAM
Vol. 46, no. 7 December 31, 1996
Cumacea(Crustacea) from theRed Seaand theMaldives (Indian Ocean)
in thecollection of the ZoologicalMuseum, Hamburg, with the
descriptionof seven newspecies anda new genus.
Ute Muhlenhardt-Siegel
Zoologisches Institutund Museum, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, D-20146Hamburg, Germany
Keywords:Crustacea,Cumacea,newspecies, RedSea, IndianOcean
Abstract
Eleven species ofthe families Bodotriidae,Nannastacidae and Diastylidae fromthe Red Sea and MaldiveIslands (Indian
Ocean) wereidentifiedand partly redescribed.Sixnew species weredescribedforthe genera Eocuma, Iphinoe,Nannastacus,
Schizotrema,MakrokylindrusandDimorphostylis. Anewgenus,Bathycampylaspis, with onenewspecieswasestablished.
INTRODUCTION The present contributiondealing with collec-
tions from the shallow waters of the Maldives
The Cumacean crustacea from the Indian (South Male- and Ari Atoll), as well as a few
Ocean and adjacent seas are well known from deep sea samples of the Red Sea gave species
Indian coastal waters (Kurian, 1954,Radhadevi newto science. For a synonymy list see Bacescu
and Kurian, 1989) and the African coast south 1988and 1992.
of 20° S (Day, 1978, 1980). These include the
familiesBodotriidae, Lampropidae, Gynodiasty- MATERIALAND METHOD
lidae and Diastylidae. WhileCumaceafrom the
shallow waters of the Red Sea have been de- Collections of theRed Sea benthoswere carried
scribed by Bacescu andMuradian(1973, 1975), outwith abox corer 0.25 during theMeteor
hardly anything is known about species from cruise M5 in 1987. Thestations are:
deeper benthic environments. Mostof the island Me 5-85: Red Sea, N Sudan. 22° 25.2' N 36°
regions of the Indian Ocean are little known 45.9' E - 22° 34.8' N 35° 46.2' E, 772 - 779 m
concerning theirCumacea faunaand even shal- depth, date: 7.2.1987.
low waters have mostly been poorly sampled. Me 5-268: Red Sea, Gulfof Aden, 13° 11.2'N
105
106
Fig.1. Cyclaspis herdmani, subadult male; a. habitus; b. cara- Genus Cyclaspis Sars 1865
pace; c. dorsal view ofcarapace; d. anterolateral part of
carapace; e. ocellarlobe;f. pereiopod 1 and maxilliped 3; g. Cyclaspis herdmaniCalman 1904
pleon,ventral view;h. uropods.
MATERIAL
47° 10.9'E-13° 10.7'N47° 09.2'E, 1654-1686m Maldives station 2 (Embudu): 2 adult females, 1
depth, date: 13.2.1987. subadultmaleZMHK 38054.
The collections at the Maldives were carried out
REMARKS
qualitatively with ahandnetduring Scuba-diving
or in lagoons near the beach at low tide. The
The specimens from the Maldives fit well into
description ofthelocationsare as follows:
Embudu, SouthMale Atoll, 1994: the description of Caiman (1904). The shape of
Station 1: 2.3.1994, 21 m depth, south of the the carapace, with a faintpitting over the whole
island'sjetty, on sandy bottom within asand- surface, the dorsal keel in the anterior and the
eelcolony ofthesandeel Gorgasia sp., double keel in the posterior part can be recog-
Station 2: 5.3.1994, 7 m depth, silty sand be- nized as well as the ocellar lobe and the narrow
tween corals, antennal notch of the subadult maleresembling
Station 3:5.3.1994, 1 m depth, lagoon, silty sand that of the female. The pleonits with well devel-
Ellaidhoo, Ari Atoll, 1995: oped lateral articular processes, the shape ofthe
Station 4: 25.8.1995, WSW lagoon, 0.5 m depth, distal processes of the base of pereiopod 1 and
silty sand thelength of this leg left no doubtin theidentifi-
Station 5: 26.8.1995, NW lagoon, 0.5 m depth, cation. The main character according to Cai-
silty sand man - the uropod's peduncle being longer than
Station 6: 30.8.1995, E lagoon, 0.5 m depth, the last somite - is well developed in the Mal-
sand, coarser than atstations 4and 5. dives specimens, only the armature of the uro-
Thetypes andparatypes havebeendeposited pods is nearly missing, probable because of the
at the Zoological Museum, University of Ham- subadult stage of the male (Fig. 1 a-h). The syn-
burg (ZMH) and the Zoôlogisch Museum, Uni- types Cyclaspis herdmanivar. annamensis from Fage's
versiteit Amsterdam (ZMA) respectively. Extre- collectionfrom Indochina do not have the pitted
mities of each species were dissected and stored carapace surface of the present specimen (Fig.
in glycerine on a microscope slide covered with 1a-c).
cover glasses. When only a single specimen of a Distribution: India, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, 0-13 m
depth.
species was available, the dissection was stopped
before the specimen became unduly damaged.
Usually the maxilliped 3 was dissected. The Genus EocumaMarcusen 1894
maxilliped 2 could not always be extracted.
Whenevermore than one specimen in good con- Eocuma gorgasiae n.sp.
ditionwas available, aparatype was prepared for
MATERIAL
SEMphotography.
Holotype: an adultfemale ZMHK38046
Paratypes: 1 female, 1 juvenile (same station and
RESULTS dateas holotype) ZMACu. 202.080.
The following 11 species were identifiedfrom the TYPELOCALITY
Maldivesand theRed Sea samples:
Station 1:21m depth, south of the island's jetty,
Family BodotriidaeScott 1901 on sandy bottom within a sandeel colony of the
Subfamily BodotriinaeScott 1901 sandeel Gorgasia sp., Embudu, South Male Atoll,
107
Table 1
Charactersto distinguish the species ofIphinoe fromthe Indian Ocean
Species I.brevipes I.calmant I.capensis I.crassipes I.dayi I.fagei
Author Hansen 1895 Fage 1945 (Zimmer 1921)Hansen 1895 Jones1960 Jones 1955
Distribution WAfrica, Vietnam, S-SWAfrica W+SAfrica S Africa S-SW
India Thai Africa
Depth range 8-60 m 4-18 m 1-3m 6-103m 23-87m 11-172m
Sexofholotype male male
Carapax proportions:
atleast2.25timesaslongashigh + +
maximal1.6aslongashigh +
about2times aslongashigh + + +
Serrateddorsomediancrest:
in anterior quarter +
up toanteriorhalf + doublerow +
3/4ormoretowardsposterior
none + +
Pseudorostrum:
long + + +
short + + +
directedupward
straight + + + + +
Uropods:
peduncle longerthan rami + + + exopod + +
peduncle aslongasrami endopod
peduncleshorterthan rami
Uropod's rami:
Equalin length + + +
exopodlonger
endopodlonger + + +
Endopod's 2 articles:
equalinlength
basalarticle longer + +
basalarticleshorter + + + +
Antenna 1:
number ofaesthetascs 2 2 1 0 3 1
onlyslenderspines +
Pleonit6proportion
length towidth: 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.1
108
Table1 (continued)
Charactersto distinguish the species ofIphinoefromthe IndianOcean
I.ischnura I.pigmenta I.sanguinea I.stebbingi I.tenella I.truncata I. zimmeri I.marisrubrae n.sp.
Zimmer 1952 Kurian 1961 Kemp 1916 Jones1956 Sars 1878 Hale 1953 Stebbing 1910
Vietnam India India S.Africa NE Atlantic S+EAfrica S.Africa RedSea
India
17-100 m 0-30 m 15-80 m 779 m
female female female female male female
+ + +
+ +
+ + +
+
+ + +
+
+ + +
+ +
+ + + + + +
+
+ + + + + +
+ + +
+ exopod + + exopod
+ + + + +
+ +
+
+ +
+
+ + + + +
1 nodetail 2 2 nodetail 2 2 1
1.5 no detail 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.9
109
110
Fig. 2. Eocumagorgasiae n.sp., female;a. habitus,scale bar: 1 Pereiopod 4 base ofendopod longest article,
mm; b. dorsal view, same scale as 2a; c. maxilliped 3; d. subequal in length to restof the extremity, dacty-
pereiopod 1;e. pereiopod 2; f.pereiopod 3; g.pereiopod 4; lus very short with claw like seta (Fig. 2 g).
h.pereiopod5; i.lefturopod;k. terminal spine ofuropod’s Pereiopod 5 shorter than pereiopod 4, base of
exopod; 1. comparison ofanterolateral margin ofEocuma
endopod relatively short, dactylus very short(Fig.
aculeatum(right) and Eocumagorgasiaen.sp. (left). Ifnotother- 2h).
wise indicatedthe scalebar is 0.1 mm. Uropods: peduncle with 1 plumose seta at the
inner margin, halfas long as pleonit 6, uropod's
rami slightly longer than pleonit 6, endopod
Maldives, leg. U. Muhlenhardt-Siegel and V.
unsegmented, longer than exopod which is in 2
Siegel, 2March 1994.
segments, terminal setae stout,basal segment 0.4
DIAGNOSIS timesas long as distalsegment (Fig. 2 i, k).
Carapace: 1.5 times as long as high, no lateral ETYMOLOGY
carina, 1 horn at each side in the anterior third
of the carapace, an elevation on the middorsal The new species is named after the sandeel Gor-
carapaceat theposterior margin. gasia sp.
Pseudorostrum short and straight. Dorsomedian
linewithoutcarina. Antennalnotchnarrow. REMARKS
DESCRIPTION Carapace similar to E. aculeatum Day, 1978, but
theproportions ofcéphalothorax and free thora-
Based on the holotype, an adult female with cic segments to abdomen are different, E. aculea-
developing oostegits. tum’s pleon is musch longer. This species is de-
Length: 5.4 mm scribed on the base of a manca stage but it is
Ocellar lobe oval; eyes confluent median; integu- larger than the specimens of E. n.sp.. Compari-
ment texture granulated, hairy setae few. sons with the holotype of E. aculeatum show the
Carapace 1.7 mm long, 1.1 mm wide including following differences:
the horns, 1.5 times as long as wide, 0.8 mm The shape of the antennal notch is different
high, 1 lateral horn at each side in the anterior (Fig. 2 1) and the direction of the horns of the
third, the hornsprojecting slightly forward. carapace is not the same.
Pseudorostral plates meeting infront of the ocel- According to Day's key for Eocuma species
lar lobe, straight (Fig. 2 a,b). known until 1978, the newspecies is similar to E.
Siphonal tubesveryshort; antennalnotch round- ferox (Fischer, 1872) from the Mediterranean be-
ed, narrow; anteroventral margin of carapace cause of the first pereiopod's carpus which is
smooth; anteroventral corner of carapace sub- longer than ischium + merus in E. aculeatumand
acute. Pedigerous somites 0.8mm; abdomen:2.9 equal in length in E. gorgasia n.sp. and E.ferox.
mm; telsonnot free. Otherwise E.ferox carries spines at the carapace
Maxilliped 3 very stout distal projection of base, which are absent inE. gorgasiae n.sp.. The length
merus large (Fig. 2 c); pereiopod 1 exopod pre- ration between the uropod's peduncle and pleo-
sent, base of endopod as long as last three arti- nit6 is 1.5 in E.ferox and 1.9in E. gorgasiae n.sp.,
cles, appears to be divided, proximal partwider and the uropod's rami are equal in length in E.
than distal, ischium short, merus and carpus ferox while the uropod's endopod is longer than
combinedand as long as propodus and dactylus the exopod in E.gorgasiae n.sp.
(Fig. 2 d). Pereiopod 2 base of endopod longest Three other species have been described: E.
article, ischium not discernable, merus distal spiniferum Gamo, 1976 for Japanese waters, E.
with toothlike seta, carpus short, subequal in striata Kurian & Radhadevi, 1983 and E. san-
length to propodus, dactylus longer (Fig. 2 e). guineum Kurian & Radhadevi, 1983 from the
Pereiopod 3 base of endopod longest article, coast of India. E. spiniferum‘s carapace is covered
dactylus very short(Fig. 2 f). with spines, the proportions of pereiopod 1 arti-
111
112
Fig.3. Iphinoemarisrubraen.sp.,adultfemale;a. habitus,scale frontofthe ocellar lobe, 9to 12teeth at the fron-
bar: 5mm;b. dorsal view,samescale as in 3a; c. antennal tal lobe in a double row which comes together
notchand integumentstructure,scale bar: 1 mm; d. anten- towards the posterior; pseudorostral lobes trun-
nal notch at higher magnification, scale bar: 0.5 mm; e. cated, meeting in front ofocellar lobe, shorter
first antenna, scale bar: asin 3 d; f.first antenna; g. maxil- than this, ventral margin with 5 teeth; siphonal
liped 3; h. pereiopod 1; i. pereiopod 2; k. pereiopod 3; 1.
tube short; antennal notch well developed (Fig. 3
pereiopod 4; m. pleonit 6and uropods, left uropodexopod c), reaching backwards as far as frontal end of
and right uropodendopod only figured, integument struc-
tureofpleonit 6, scale bar:1 mm; n. spine ofinner margin ocellar lobe; anteroventral corner of carapace
ofpeduncle. Ifnot otherwise indicated the scale bar is 0.1 acute, anteroventral margin serrated.
Free thoracic segments 3.52 mm, the first can
mm.
only be seen fromabove; abdomen9.04 mm.
Telson not free, linguiform (Fig. 3 m).
cles are differentand the lateralhorns are direct- First antenna main flagellum with 2 terminal
ed more forward than in E. gorgasiae n.sp. The endings, the longer having 1 aesthetasc and 2
species from India both are flattened dorsoven- long setae at the tip, the shorterwith 3 hairy-like
trally. setae, accessory flagellum of the basal article of
mainflagellum (Fig. 3e, f).
Genus Iphinoe Bate 1856 Maxilliped 3 exopod present, base of endopod
long, slender, 1.8 times as long as the rest of the
Iphinoe marisrubrae n.sp. extremity, inner margin distally serrated, distal
prolongation reaching half of carpus, merus not
MATERIAL expanded, dactylus bended(Fig. 3 g). Pereiopod
1 exopod present, endopod lost on theright side,
Holotype: 1 adultfemaleZMHK38059 base only present on the left side, base 11 times
Paratype: 1 juvenile, samestation as holotype. as long as wide (Fig. 3 h).
Pereiopod 2 exopod present, ischium of endopod
TYPELOCALITY not visible, carpus longer than merus and propo-
dus together (Fig. 3 i). Pereiopod 3 exopod pre-
Me 5-268: Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, 13° 11.2'N sent, base of endopod longest article, carpus
47° 10.9'E-13°10.7'N47°09.2'E, 1654-1686m longer than merus, propodus and dactylus small,
depth, date: 13. February 1987. subequal in length (Fig. 3k).
Pereiopod 4 similar to pereiopod 3 (Fig. 3 1),but
DIAGNOSIS without exopod. Pereiopod 5 shorter than perei-
opod 3 and 4 because ofmuch shorter base,
Pseudorostrum short; dorsomedian line with pus relatively long, propodus and dactylus short
double row of spines; maxilliped 3 with merus but the latterlonger thaninpereiopod 3and4.
not expanded and base distal prolonged but not Uropods: peduncle shorter than pleonit 6 (by a
widened. factor of 0.8), innermargin with 14 setae; endo-
pod subequal in length to pleonit 6, in 2 seg-
DESCRIPTION ments, basalsegment 1.8 times longer than distal
one, 16 spines at the innerand 11 hair-like setae
Basedona non ovigerous femalewith developed at theouter margin, longer thanexopod, exopod
oostegits (Fig. 3a) in 2 segments, basalone shorter than distal (by a
Length: 16.52mm factor of 0.13), distal segment with numerous
Ocellar lobe slightly longer than wide (Fig. 3 b), slendersetae (Fig. 3 m).
eyes not visible; integument smooth, with small
ring-like ridges in higher magnification; carapace ETYMOLOGY
3.96 mmlong, 2.20 mm high, 2.08 mm wide, 1.8
times as long as high; dorsomedian line with a The species is named after the type locality, the
double row of teeth in anterior third, 2 teeth in RedSea.
113
Fig.4.Pseudosympodommasp.;a. cephalothoraxandfreethoracicsegments,scalebar: 1 mm;b. cephalothoraxand freetho-
racicsegmentsdorsalview,samescale asin4a;c. integumentstructure; d.thirdthoracicsegmentinventralview,scaleas
in4a;e.first antenna; f.first antenna, detailed;g.maxilliped2; h. maxilliped3; i. pereiopod 1;k.pereiopod 2; 1.pereiopod
3; m.subrostral part,scale bar: 0.5 mm. Ifnototherwiseindicatedthe scale baris0.1 mm.
REMARKS much less than thatof theRed Sea's specimens.
Thebase ofmaxilliped 3 is 1.5 times as long as
Day (1978) established an artificial key for Afri- the rest ofthe leg, but 1.8 times in the specimen
can and Indian Iphinoe species since they ap- here described, while its distal prolongation is
peared to be linked. Themain characters of the widened in I. pigmenta but not in I. marisrubrae
Iphinoe species from the Indian Ocean are sum- n.sp.. Unfortunately the description ofI. dayi is
marised in Table 1. According to Day's key 3 based on a male. This species differs from the
species resemble the Red Sea specimen: I. dayi female from theRed Sea in having 3 aesthetascs
Jones, 1960, I. sanguinea Kemp, 1916and I. pig- at the first antenna and a prolongation of the
menta Kurian, 1961. I. sanguinea is characterised thoracomer 4whichprojects forwards.
by an expanded merus of maxilliped 3 which is Subfamily Vaunthompsoniinae Sars 1878
not present in the Red Sea specimen. In I. pig-
menta, the pseudorostrum is much longer and
more acute, the middorsal serration covers 2/3
ofthe carapace and the uropod's armature is
114
