Table Of ContentCrossingJ ordan
North American Contributions
to the Archaeologyo f Jordan
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CrossingJ ordan
North AmericanC ontributions
to the Archaeologyo f Jordan
edited by
Thomas E. Levy, P.M. Michele Daviau,
Randall W. Younker, & May Shaer
~ ~~o~;~~n~~:up
LONDON AND NEW YORK
First published 2007 by Equinox, an imprint of Acumen
Published 2014 by Routledge
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711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
©Thomas E. Levy, P.M. Michele Daviau, Randall W. Younker, and May Shaer 2007
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by
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Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
ISBN 13: 978-1-84553-268-0 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 978-1-84553-269-7 (pbk)
Typeset and Edited by Forthcoming Publications Ltd
Contents
Prefaces
His Royal HighnessP rince El HassanB in Talal XI
Dr Fawwaza l-Khraysheh,D irector General,D epartmento f Antiquities of Jordan
X Ill
Dr BarbaraA . Porter,D irector, ACOR XV
RegionalA rchaeologicalS ite Maps of Jordan-
From Prehistoryt o the Islamic Periods XVII
THEORY
I. Thinking Globally and also Locally:
Anthropology,H istory and Archaeologyi n the Study of Jordan'sP ast
0ysteinS . LaBianca 3
HISTORY
2. The History of North AmericanA rchaeologicalR esearchin Jordan
Nancy Lapp 15
METHODOLOGIES
3. ArchaeologicalS ite Surveyingi n Jordan:
The North AmericanC ontribution
Burton MacDonald 27
4. Controlling Spacea t the Regional Level:
GeographicI nformation Systems( GIS) andJ ADIS in Jordan
StephenH . Savage 37
5. On-SiteG IS Digital Archaeology:
GIS-basedE xcavationR ecordingi n SouthernJ ordan
ThomasE . Levy and Neil G. Smith 47
6. High PrecisionR adiocarbonD ating in Jordan
ThomasH igham 59
vi CROSSING JORDAN
7. The Evolving Landscapeo f Jordan:
The Contributionso f Geoarchaeologay nd Paleoecology
Carlos E. Cordova 69
8. PastE nvironmentso f the JordanP lateau
from the Paleolakeso f the EasternD esert
Caroline Davies 79
9. Conservationa nd Preservationo f ArchaeologicalS itesi n Jordan:
ArchaeologyI nitiatives of the American Centero f Oriental Research
Pierre M. Bikai 87
REGIONAL ARCHAEOLOGY-DEEP-TIMES TUDIES ACROSSJ ORDAN
10. Ancient Metal Productiona nd Social Changei n SouthernJ ordan:
The Edom Lowlands RegionalA rchaeologyP roject
and Hopef or a UNESCOW orld HeritageS ite in Faynan
ThomasE . Levy and MohammadN ajjar 97
II. How CrossingJ ordanm adet he Difference:
The Caseo f the MadabaP lains Project, 1967-2007
LawrenceT . Geraty 107
12. Tall Hisban: Palimpsesto f Greata nd Little Traditions
of Transjordana nd the Ancient NearE ast
0.5. LaBiancaa nd B. Walker 111
13. Tall ai-'Umayri throught he Ages
Larry G. Herr and DouglasR . Clark 121
14. Highlights from the Heightso f Jalul
Randall W. Younker 129
IS. The 'Iraq AI-Amir and Dhiban PlateauR egionalS urveys
Chang-HoC.J i 137
16. Investigating5 ,000Y earso f Urban History:
The Tall MadabaA rchaeologicalP roject
Timothy P. Harrison, Debra Foran, andA ndrew Graham 143
17. CrossingJ ordan:b y way of the Karak plateau
GeraldL . Mattingly and JamesH . Pace 153
18. FourA rchaeologicalS urveysi n SouthernJ ordan
Burton MacDonald 161
CONTENTS vii
PREHISTORICP ERSPECTIVES
19. Searchingfo r Neanderthalsa nd Finding Ourselves:
Researcha t Tor Faraj
Donald 0. Henry 171
20. Neanderthalsa t the Crossroads:
Middle PaleolithicS iteso n the MadabaP lateau,J ordan
Michael S. Bisson, April Nowell, Carlos E. Cordova,a nd Regina Kalchgruber 179
21. Midnight at the Oasis;T he End of the Pleistocenein Wadi al-Hasa
Nancy R. Coinmana nd DeborahI . Olszewski 187
22. Microliths and Mortuary Practices:
New Perspectiveso n the Epipalaeolithici n Northerna nd EasternJ ordan
Lisa A. Maher 195
23. Crossingt he Boundaryt o DomesticationE conomies:A CaseS tudyf rom
West-centralJ ordan
Michael P. Neeley and JaneD . Peterson 203
24. The Rediscoveryo f the Neolithic Period in Jordan
Gary 0. Rollefson and Zeidan Kafafi 211
25. Late Prehistoryi n Wadi Ziqlab, ai-Kura, Jordan:
From Sedentismt o Olive Oil Factories
E.B. Banning 219
26. Living on the Edge: Settlementa nd Abandonmentin the Dead SeaP lain
Patricia L. Fall, StevenE . Falconer,a nd Phillip C. Edwards 225
27. Is Big Really Better?L ife in the ResortC orridor-
Ghwair I, a Small but ElaborateN eolithic Communityi n SouthernJ ordan
Alan Simmonsa nd MohammadN ajjar 233
BRONZE AGE-EARLIEST URBANISM
28. Life in the EarliestW alled Towns on the DeadS eaP lain:
Bab adh-Dhra'a nd an-Numayra
R. ThomasS chauba nd Meredith S. Chesson 245
29. Deatha nd Dying on the DeadS eaP lain:
Fifa, Khirbat ai-Khanazir,a nd Bab adh-Dhra'C emeteries
Meredith S. Chessona nd R. ThomasS chaub 253
viii CROSSING JORDAN
30. Life at the Foundationo f BronzeA ge Civilization:
Agrarian Villages in the JordanV alley
StevenE . Falconer,P atriciaL . Fall, andJ enniferE . Jones 261
3 I. Khirbet lskander:A City in Collapsea t the End of the Early BronzeA ge
SuzanneR ichard andJ esseC . Long, Jr. 269
32. A LandscapeA pproacht o Craft andA gricultural Production:
Trackingt he Location of Early BronzeA ge Manufacturinga t ai-Lajjun, Jordan
JenniferE . Jones 277
33. The Early BronzeA ge City Stateso f the SouthernL evant:
NeitherC ities nor States
StephenH . Savage,S tevenE . Falconer,a nd Timothy P. Harrison 285
EARLY STATES AND THE IRON AGE
34. Independenat nd Well-Connected:
The Ammonite Territorial Kingdom in Iron Age II
P.M. Michele Daviau and Paul EugeneD ion 301
35. Shepherdsa nd Weaversi n a 'Global Economy':
Moab in Late Iron Age 11-Wadia th-ThamadP roject{ Khirbat ai-Mudayna)
P.M. Michele Daviau and Robert Chadwick 309
36. The Powero f Place:T he Dhiban Communityt hrought he Ages
Benjamin Porter,B ruce Routledge,D anielle Steen,a nd Firas al-Kawamlha 315
37. A PlaceI n-Between:K hirbat ai-Mudaynaa i-'Aiiya in the Early Iron Age
Bruce Routledgea nd Benjamin Porter 323
THE EDGE OF EMPIRE-HELLENISTIC AND ROMAN PERIOD
38. In Searcho f Hellenistic Petra:E xcavationsin the City Center
David F. Graf 333
39. Shifting Places,C hangingF aces:T he Civic Statuaryo f RomanJ ordan
Elise A. Friedland 341
40. ProjectingP owero n the Periphery:
Rome'sA rabian Frontier Easto f the DeadS ea
S. ThomasP arker 349
41. Beyond Frankincensea nd Myrrh:
Reconstructingth e Economyo f Roman' Aqaba
S. ThomasP arker 359
CONTENTS ix
NABATEAN CIVILIZATION AND ITS JORDANIAN HEARTLAND
42. Godsa nd Vineyardsa t Beidha
PatriciaM . Bikai, ChrysanthosK anellopoulos,a nd Shari Saunders 369
43. NabataeanL andscapea nd Power:
Evidencef rom the PetraG ardena nd Pool Complex
Leigh-Ann Bedal and JamesG . Schryver 375
44. Surprisesa t the GreatT emplef rom 1993 to 2006
Martha S. Joukowsky 385
45. Beyondt he Nabataeana nd RomanC ity:
Surveyingt he Centrala nd SouthernW adi 'Arabah
Andrew M. Smith II 393
46. Luxury in the Desert:A NabataeanP alatial Residencea t Wadi Ramm
DennineD udley and M. BarbaraR eeves 401
47. Torn Asunder:E arthquakesa t Qasra t-Tilah
Tina M. Niemi 409
THEOCRATIC EMPIRE-THE BYZANTINE PERIOD
48. Bioarchaeologyo f North Jordan:
A Decadeo f CooperativeA mericana nd JordanianS tudentR esearch
JeromeC . Rose,M ahmoude l-Najjar, and Dolores L. Burke 419
49. Beyondt he Rock: Petrai n the Sixth Centuryc e in the Light
of the Papyri
Robert C. Caldwell and TraianosG agos 417
50. Petra'sC hurches:T he Byzantinesa nd Beyond
Megan A. Perry and Patricia Maynor Bikai 435
ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION IN JORDAN
51. From NabataeanK ing to Abbasid Caliph: The EnduringA ttraction
of Hawara/ai-Humaymaa, Multi-cultural Site in Arabia Petraea
John PeterO leson 447
52. From Residenceto RevolutionaryH eadquarters:
The Early Islamic Qasr and MosqueC omplexa t ai-Humayma
and its 8th-centuryC ontext
RebeccaM . Foote 457
