Critical Issues in Reproductive Health

352 Pages·2014·3.19 MB·English

by  Andrzej Kulczycki Ph.D. (auth.)

The Springer Series on Demographic Methods
and Population Analysis 33
Andrzej Kulczycki Editor
Critical Issues
in Reproductive
Health
Critical Issues in Reproductive Health
THE SPRINGER SERIES ON
DEMOGRAPHIC METHODS AND
POPULATION ANALYSIS
Series Editor
KENNETH C. LAND
Duke University
In recent decades, there has been a rapid development of demographic models and methods
and an explosive growth in the range of applications of population analysis. This series seeks
to provide a publication outlet both for high-quality textual and expository books on modern
techniques of demographic analysis and for works that present exemplary applications of
such techniques to various aspects of population analysis.
Topics appropriate for the series include:
(cid:129) General demographic methods
(cid:129) Techniques of standardization
(cid:129) Life table models and methods
(cid:129) Multistate and multiregional life tables, analyses and projections
(cid:129) Demographic aspects of biostatistics and epidemiology
(cid:129) Stable population theory and its extensions
(cid:129) Methods of indirect estimation
(cid:129) Stochastic population models
(cid:129) Event history analysis, duration analysis, and hazard regression models
(cid:129) Demographic projection methods and population forecasts
(cid:129) Techniques of applied demographic analysis, regional and local population estimates and
projections
(cid:129) Methods of estimation and projection for business and health care applications
(cid:129) Methods and estimates for unique populations such as schools and students
Volumes in the series are of interest to researchers, professionals, and students in d emography,
sociology, economics, statistics, geography and regional science, public health and health
care management, epidemiology, biostatistics, actuarial science, business, and related fi elds.
For further volumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/6449
Andrzej Kulczycki
Editor
Critical Issues in
Reproductive Health
Editor
Andrzej Kulczycki
Associate Professor
Department of Health Care Organization and Policy
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Birmingham
Alabama , USA
ISSN 1389-6784
ISBN 978-94-007-6721-8 ISBN 978-94-007-6722-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-6722-5
Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London
Library of Congress Control Number: 2013945923
© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of
the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,
broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information
storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology
now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection
with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifi cally for the purpose of being entered and
executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this
publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s
location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer.
Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations
are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of
publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for
any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with
respect to the material contained herein.
Printed on acid-free paper
Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Contents
1 Introduction and Overview .................................................................... 1
Andrzej Kulczycki
Part I Expanding the Research Base
2 The Vocabulary of Reproductive Health ............................................... 21
Alaka Malwade Basu
3 Prevalence, Attitudes, Risk factors, and Selected
Health-Related Outcomes Associated with Spousal
Physical Violence During Pregnancy in Egypt ..................................... 35
Andrzej Kulczycki
4 Addressing Men’s Concerns About Reproductive
Health Services and Fertility Regulation in a Rural Sahelian
Setting of Northern Ghana: The “Zurugelu Approach” ...................... 59
Philip Baba Adongo, James F. Phillips, and Colin D. Baynes
5 Social Class and Sexual Stigma: Local Interpretations
of Emergency Contraception in Egypt .................................................. 85
L.L. Wynn, Hosam Moustafa Abdel Hafez, and Ahmed Ragab
6 Using New Data and Improved Study Designs to Examine
Infertility-Service Seeking and Adverse Maternal and
Perinatal Outcomes in the South-Central United States ..................... 103
Suzanne Dhall and Andrzej Kulczycki
Part II Advancing Policy
7 The Evolution of Consensus on Population
and Development: Prospects for Resurgent
Policy and Program Action .................................................................... 129
Andrew B. Kantner
v
vi Contents
8 How Problematic Will Liberal Abortion Policies
Be for Pronatalist Countries? ................................................................ 153
Dennis Hodgson
9 Climate Change Science, Policy and Programming:
Where Are Population and Reproductive Health? .............................. 177
Karen Hardee
10 Reproductive Health Aid: A Delicate Balancing Act ........................... 195
Hendrik P. van Dalen and Maja Micevska Scharf
11 Looking Back and Looking Ahead to Where Are We Going:
A Round-Table Symposium on the Past, Present,
and Future of Reproductive Health ....................................................... 215
Panelists: Daniel E. Pellegrom, Marleen Temmerman, Neil Datta,
Jill Sheffi eld, Stan Bernstein, and Elizabeth Lule
Part III Strengthening Service and Program Capacity
12 Fostering Change in Medical Settings:
A Holistic Programming Approach to “Revitalizing”
IUD Use in Kenya .................................................................................... 243
Roy Jacobstein
13 Radical Common Sense: Community Provision
of Injectable Contraception in Africa ................................................... 265
John Stanback and Reid Miller
14 Global Introduction of a Low-Cost Contraceptive Implant ................... 285
Kate H. Rademacher, Heather L. Vahdat,
Laneta Dorfl inger, Derek H. Owen, and Markus J. Steiner
15 An Integrated Approach to Targeted, Evidence-Based
Livelihood and Sexual and Reproductive Health
Programs for Vulnerable Young People in Fragile States:
The Case of Liberia ................................................................................. 307
Adam Weiner and Andrzej Kulczycki
About the Authors ........................................................................................... 329
Index ................................................................................................................. 339
List of Abbreviations
AGWG Adolescent Girls Working Group (Liberia)
AIDS Acquired immunodefi ciency syndrome
ANC Antenatal care
API Active pharmaceutical ingredient
APROFAM Asociación Pro-Bienestar de la Familia de Guatemala
ART Assisted reproductive technology
ARV Antiretroviral (drug therapy)
ASRM American Society for Reproductive Medicine
CBA Community-based adaptation
CBD Community-based distribution
CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USA)
CEO Chief executive offi cer
CHFP Community Health and Family Planning Project (Ghana)
CHPS Community-based Health Planning and Services program (Ghana)
CHO Community health offi cer (Ghana)
CHW Community health worker
COP Conference of the Parties
CO Carbon dioxide
2
CRM Coastal resources management project (Philippines)
DAC Development Assistance Committee (of the OECD)
DAH Development assistance for health
DALY Disability-adjusted life year
DFID Department for International Development (United Kingdom)
DHS Demographic and Health Surveys
DMPA Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (also known as Depo-Provera)
EC Emergency contraception
ECP Emergency contraceptive pills
EDH Egyptian Demographic and Health Survey
EIM European IVF Monitoring Program
EMA European Medicines Agency
EPAG Economic Empowerment of Adolescent Girls (Liberia)
vii
viii List of Abbreviations
EPF European Parliamentary Forum on Population and Development
ESHRE European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology
EU European Union
FHI Family Health International (now known as FHI 360)
FIGO International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
FP Family planning
GDM Gestational diabetes mellitus
GHI Global Health Initiative (United States)
GIFT Gamete intrafallopian transfer
GMP Good manufacturing practice
GNI Gross national income
HIV Human immunodefi ciency virus
HPV Human papillomavirus
HSA Health surveillance assistant (Malawi)
ICPD International Conference on Population and Development
ICSI Intracytoplasmic sperm induction
ICU Intensive care unit
IMCI Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses
IMF International Monetary Fund
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IPPF International Planned Parenthood Federation
IPV Intimate partner violence
IUD Intrauterine device
IUI Intrauterine insemination
IVF In-vitro fertilization
LA/PM Long-acting and permanent method
LARC Long-acting reversible contraceptive
LBW Low birthweight
LISGIS Liberian Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services
LNG Levonorgestrel
LNG-IUS Levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system
MCH Maternal and child health
MDG Millennium Development Goal
MENA Middle East and North Africa
MEP Member of the European Parliament
MMR Maternal mortality ratio
MOH Ministry of Health
MSI Marie Stopes International
MSSL Marie Stopes Sierra Leone
M&E Monitoring and evaluation
NAPAs National Adaptation Programmes of Action
NDSS Navrongo Demographic Surveillance System (Ghana)
NET-EN Noristerat (also known as norethindrone (or norethisterone) enanthate
NGO Non-governmental organization
NICU Neonatal intensive care unit
List of Abbreviations ix
NPFPC National Population and Family Planning Commission (China)
ODA Offi cial development assistance
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
PAAL Pharm Access Africa, Ltd.
PAC Post abortion care
PEPFAR President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (United States)
PHE Population, health and environment
PMTCT Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
PID Pelvic infl ammatory disease
PNA Performance needs assessment
PoA Programme of Action
PPAL Planned Parenthood Association of Liberia
PRAMS Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (United States)
PrEP Pre-exposure prophylaxis
RH Reproductive health
RTI Reproductive tract infection
SART Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (United States)
SC Spontaneously (naturally) conceived
SFDA State Food and Drug Administration (China)
SRH Sexual and reproductive health
SRHR Sexual and reproductive health and rights
SRA Strict regulatory authority
SSA Sub-Saharan Africa
STD Sexually transmitted disease
STI Sexually transmitted infection
TFR Total fertility rate
THINK Touching Humans In Need of Kindness (Liberian NGO)
UK United Kingdom
UN United Nations
UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
UNFPA United Nations Population Fund
UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund
USA United States of America
USAID United States Agency for International Development
USFDA (United States) Food and Drug Administration
WHO World Health Organization
WIC Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and
Children (United States)