Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Practice, Second Edition

830 Pages·2014·20.8 MB·English

by  Louise K Comfort Affiliation: University of Pittsburgh

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Emergency Management a PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND PUBLIC POLICY/178
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More than 12 years have passed since the publication of the first edition of Crisis and z
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Emergency Management. During that time numerous disasters—from 9/11 to massive Crisis and Emergency
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earthquakes in Iran and China, to the giant Asian tsunami, Hurricane Katrina, and the Great n
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East Japan Earthquake and its ensuing tsunami and nuclear meltdown at Fukushima—have
changed the way we manage catastrophic events. With contributions from leading experts,
Management
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this revised second edition features over 40 chapters that address recent worldwide crises
and what we have learned from emergency responses to them.
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See What’s New in the Second Edition: i Theory and Practice
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• Up-to-date concepts, theories, and practices
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• Analysis of recent disasters and their effect on emergency management s
Second Edition
• Policy and managerial lessons
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• Suggestions for capacity building in crisis and emergency management
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The book covers a wide range of international issues using critical, empirical, and quantitative
analyses. It discusses various approaches to topics such as resolving political tension and ad
terrorism issues, the potential use of biological weapons, and the role of public relations in
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crisis. The editor offers insight into organizational and community resiliency development;
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a “surprise management” theory in practice for upgrading the knowledge and skills in e
managing crises and governing emergencies; and better and more effective organizational,
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political, social, and managerial coordination in the processes. He presents case studies that
enhance and advance the future theory and practice of crisis and emergency management,
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while at the same time providing practical advice that can be put to use immediately.
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Managing crises and governing emergencies in such an age of challenges demands different
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kinds of knowledge, skills, and attitudes that were not available yesterday. This book
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gives you valuable information with applications at the macro, micro, organizational, and
interorganizational levels, preparing you for emergency management in an increasingly n
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Crisis and Emergency
Management
Theory and Practice
Second Edition
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND PUBLIC POLICY
A Comprehensive Publication Program
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
DAVID H. ROSENBLOOM
Distinguished Professor of Public Administration
American University, Washington, DC
Founding Editor
JACK RABIN
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Crisis and Emergency
Management
Theory and Practice
Second Edition
Edited by Ali Farazmand
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To My Son, Cyrus

Contents
Preface to the Second Edition ..............................................................................................xi
Preface to the First Edition ...............................................................................................xiii
Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................xvii
Editor .................................................................................................................................xix
Contributors .......................................................................................................................xxi
1 Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Practice ...........................................1
ALI FARAZMAND
Unit i CRiSiS MAnAGEMEnt MiCRO–MACRO PERSPECtiVES
2 Meeting Diversity in the Midst of Adversity:
An Intercultural Communication Training Framework
for Refugee-Assistance Crisis Management................................................................13
PHYLLIS BO-YUEN NGAI AND PETER KOEHN
3 Global Crisis in Public Service and Administration ..................................................35
ALI FARAZMAND
4 Crisis in the US Administrative State .........................................................................55
ALI FARAZMAND
5 Managing through a Crisis: A Case Study of the Orange County,
California, Bankruptcy ..............................................................................................75
CELESTE M. GREENE
Unit ii EMERGEnCY MAnAGEMEnt: MiCRO AnD MACRO iSSUES
PARt i EnViROnMEntAL AnD HEALtH EMERGEnCY MAnAGEMEnt
6 From Texas City to Exxon Valdez: What Have We Learned
about Managing Marine Disasters? ............................................................................95
JOHN R. HARRALD AND HUGH W. STEPHENS
vii
viii  ◾  Contents
PARt ii MACRO AnD MiCRO iSSUES: COnCEPtUAL,
POLiCY, PRACtiCAL, AnD EMPiRiCAL ASPECtS OF
EMERGEnCY MAnAGEMEnt
7 What Disaster Response Management Can Learn from Chaos Theory ...................111
GUSTAV A. KOEHLER, GUENTHER G. KRESS, AND RANDI L. MILLER
8 Psychology of Evacuation and the Design of Policy: Lessons from
Hurricanes Katrina, Ike, and Sandy ........................................................................135
WILLIAM LEE WAUGH, JR. AND JASMIN R. RUBACK
9 Role of Technology and Human Factors in Emergency Management .....................155
FRANCIS R. TERRY
10 Evolution of Emergency Management in America: From
a Troubling Past to an Uncertain Future ..................................................................167
PATRICK S. ROBERTS, ROBERT WARD, AND GARY WAMSLEY
11 Improvised Explosive Devices ..................................................................................189
DANIEL C. GOODRICH AND FRANCES L. EDWARDS
Unit iii nAtiOnAL AnD intERnAtiOnAL CASE StUDiES
PARt i CRiSiS AnD EMERGEnCY MAnAGEMEnt in nORtH
AnD LAtin AMERiCA
12 American Presidential Crisis Management under Kennedy:
The Cuban Missile Crisis ..........................................................................................215
ROBERT E. DEWHIRST
13 Collaboration, Consolidation, and Coordination in the Broward Sheriff’s
Office: A New Paradigm in Public Safety and Emergency Management? ................227
JOHN CARROLL AND LESLIE TAYLOR
14 Emergency Management for Radiological Events: Lessons Learned from
Three Mile Island, Chernobyl, and Fukushima Reactor Accidents ..........................245
FRANCES L. EDWARDS
15 Budgetary Assistance for Nonprofits in Disaster .....................................................265
BARBARA L. NEUBY
16 Security for Sale: The Pros and Cons of Equipment Contracts ................................275
BARBARA L. NEUBY
17 Managing Refugee-Assistance Crises in the Twenty-First Century: The
Intercultural Communication Factor .......................................................................287
PETER KOEHN AND PHYLLIS BO-YUEN NGAI
18 Managing Human and Natural Disasters in Developing Nations:
Emergency Management and the Public Bureaucracy .............................................317
LENNEAL J. HENDERSON
Contents  ◾  ix
PARt ii HURRiCAnE KAtRinA, nEW ORLEAnS—UnitED StAtES,
AnD tHE FUKUSHiMA tSUnAMi—JAPAn: GLOBAL CASES
in CRiSiS AnD EMERGEnCY MAnAGEMEnt
19 Image Construction in the Wake of Hurricane Katrina ..........................................333
STEVEN G. KOVEN
20 Hurricane Katrina: Preparedness, Response, and
the Politics–Administration Dichotomy in New Orleans
Emergency Management.........................................................................................349
STEVEN G. KOVEN AND MICHAEL BRENNAN
21 Ethics in Crisis Management ....................................................................................361
CAROLE L. JURKIEWICZ
22 Management of Hazardous Chemicals during Natural Disasters ............................373
ANTOINETTE CHRISTOPHE AND KHASHRUZZAMAN CHOUDHURY
23 How a Navigation Channel Contributed to Most of the Flooding
of New Orleans during Hurricane Katrina ..............................................................413
IVOR LL. VAN HEERDEN, G. PAUL KEMP, BOB BEA, GARY SHAFFER, JOHN DAY,
CHAD MORRIS, DUNCAN FITZGERALD, AND ANDREW MILANES
24 Examining Intergovernmental Relations in Response to
Catastrophic Disasters: Hurricane Katrina in 2005 ...............................................443
NAIM KAPUCU
25 Learning from the Katrina Crisis: A Global and International
Perspective with Implications for Future Crisis Management .................................461
ALI FARAZMAND
26 Japan’s Disaster Governance: Initial Response to Huge Tsunamis
and Fukushima Nuclear Crisis .................................................................................477
YUKO KANEKO AND ITOKO SUZUKI
PARt iii C RiSiS AnD EMERGEnCY MAnAGEMEnt in ASiA,
tHE MiDDLE EASt, AnD EUROPE
27 Crisis and Emergency Management in Korea ..........................................................505
PAN SUK KIM AND JAE EUN LEE
28 Coping with Crisis and Disaster: Hong Kong Disaster Plan and Contingency
Plan for Natural Disasters ........................................................................................527
AHMED SHAFIQUL HUQUE
29 Integrating Public Administration, Science, and Community
Action: A Case of Early-Warning Success in Qinglong County for
the Magnitude 7.8 Tangshan Earthquake ...............................................................543
JEANNE-MARIE COL AND JEAN J. CHU