Corruption and Anti-Corruption

286 Pages·2013·30.84 MB·English

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Corruption and
Anti-Corru ption

Published by ANU E Press
The Australian National University
Canberra ACT 0200, Australia
Email: [email protected]
This title is also available online at http://epress.anu.edu.au
National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry
Title: Corruption and anti-corruption / Peter Larmour and Nick Wolanin (editors).
ISBN: 9781922144768 (pbk.) 9781922144775 (ebook)
Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index.
Subjects:
Political corruption--Economic aspects.
Political corruption--Prevention.

Other Authors/Contributors:
Larmour, Peter.
Wolanin, Nick, 1962-
Dewey Number: 364.1
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise,
without the prior permission of the publisher.

vi
Tables
6.1 Income tax returns for Marcos family, 1966-85 102
10.1 Annual demand (Rs. Crores) 166
Figures
2.1 Finding out about corrupt conduct 16
4.1 Code of ethics compliance mechanism 77
5.1 Ethical culture 94
7.1 Corruption equilibrium with many sellers 123
7.2 Firm i's price-bribe combination for T = 5, q = 10
and = 0.7 125
(X'
7.3 Official's price-bribe combination for T = 5, q = 10
and = 0.7 126
(X'
7.4 Equilibrium price-bribe combinations when firm i offers
the highest net gain to the official and T = 5, q = 10
and = 0.7 137
(X'
11.1 The pillars of integrity 179
11.2 Matrix of anti-corruption measures 180
11.3 Senators' backgrounds by occupation 184
11.4 Senators' possible relationships with political parties 185
Box
3.1 Maastricht Guidelines on violations of economic, social and
cultural rights 49
vii
Abbreviations
AFP Australian Federal Police
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ATM automatic teller machine
AV Annual Valuation
BPI bribe payers index
CC Constitutional Court
CCMC Counter Corruption and Malfeasance Commission
CCN corruption, crony capitalism and nepotism
CDA Constitutional Drafting Assembly
CESCR Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights
CIA Central Intelligence Agency
qc
Criminal Justice Commission
CPI corruption prevention index
DPRK Democratic People's Republic of Korea
DTI Direct Trader Input
EDI Electronic Data Interchange
EFTPOS electronic funds transfer at point of sale
EU European Union
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development
ICAC Independent Commission Against Corruption
ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
ICESCR International Covenant on Economic, Social and
Cultural Rights
IMAC International Mutual Assistance in Criminal
Matters
IMF International Monetary Fund
INTERPOL International Criminal Police Organisation
IOC International Olympic Committee
IT information technology
LAPD Los Angeles Police Department
MP Member of Parliament
MRP Moral Recovery Program
viii
NCCC National Counter-Corruption Commission
NGO non-governmental organisation
NHRC National Human Rights Commission
NPKC National Peacekeeping Council
NSW New South Wales
OAS Organisation of American States
OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and
Development
OLRS Online Release System
PCGG Presidential Commission for Good Government
PEAC Public Ethics and Accountability Committee
PIN personal identification number
RICO Racketeering Influenced Corrupt Organization
SEZ special economic zone
TI Transparency International
UDHR Universal Declaration of Human Rights
UN United Nations
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
UNDCP United Nations Drug Control Programme
UNGA United Nations General Assembly
VAT value-added tax
WTO World Trade Organization
Ix
Contributors
Borwornsak Uwanno is Secretary General of King Prajadhipok's Institute,
Professor of Laws, Faculty of Law Chulalongkorn University, former secretary
and rapporteur of the Drafting and Scrutiny Committee of the present
Constitution, the Constitutional Drafting Assembly.
Zoe Pearson is a doctoral student at the Faculty of Law, The Australian National
University.
Flavio M. Menezes is Senior Lecturer at the Department of Economics, Faculty
.o f Economics and Commerce at The Australian National University.
John McFarlane is Special Adviser with the Office of the Deputy Commissioner,
Australian Federal Police and AFP Visiting Fellow at the Australian Defence
Studies Centre, Australian Defence Force Academy.
Peter Larmour is Director of Graduate Studies in Development Administration
at the National Centre for Development Studies, The Australian National
University.
Peter Grabosky is Director of Research at The Australian Institute of
Criminology.
Angela Gorta is Research Manager at the NSW Independent Commission
Against Corruption. Previously she was Chief Research Officer with the NSW
Department of Corrective Services and lectured in psychology at Macquarie
University.
David A. Chaikin is chairman of Cyberbrief Consultants. He is international
adviser to a number ofg overnments and financial institutions, and more recently
has acted as a special legal adviser to the Anti-Graft League of the Philippines
in relation to the recovery of the illicit assets of former Philippines President
Ferdinand E Marcos. He is a former Senior Assistant Secretary in the Australian
Federal Attorney-General's Department and former Senior Fraud Officer of
the London-based diplomatic body, the Commonwealth Secretariat.
x Corruption and Anti-corruption
Andrew Brien is a Senior Research Officer in the Department of the House of
Representatives, in the Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia. He has
held academic positions in New Zealand and Australia, where he lectured in
social and political philosophy, ethical theory, as well as business, professional
and applied ethics.
Barry Hindess is Professor in the Political Science Program, Research School
of Social Sciences at The Australian National University.
Vicki Klum is a Senior Corruption Prevention Officer at the NSW Independent
Commission Against Corruption. Previously she worked in a wide range of
management, policy development, regulation and consumer protection roles
within the NSW public sector.
Catherine Boardman is a Senior Corruption Prevention Officer at the NSW
Independent Commission Against Corruption. Previously she worked in the
Federal and NSW State public sectors in the fields ofT erritories Administration,
regulatory law enforcement, management, consumer protection, public funding
programs and policy development.
John Warburton is a Senior Investigator at the NSW Independent Commission
Against Corruption. Previously he was a Detective with the Australian Federal
Police working in the fields of fraud and organised crime. He is currently a
part-time doctoral student at the Faculty of Economics, University of Sydney.
Nick Wolanin is Principal Corruption Prevention Officer at the NSW
Independent Commission Against Corruption. Previously he was a research
scientist at BHP Steel International before serving with the Australian Federal
Police as a fraud and white collar crime detective.
Guillermo Parayno Jr is former Commissioner of the Philippines Customs
Service.
Asim Barman is the Municipal Commissioner for Calcutta.