Conventional Warfare: Ballistic, Blast, and Burn Injuries

410 Pages·1991·167.7 MB·English

by  U.S. Army. Office of The Surgeon General. Borden Institute

Conventional Warfare:
Ballistic, Blast, and Burn Injuries
Front Matter
Foreword
Preface
Flow Diagram
1. The Weapons of Conventional Land Warfare
2. Assessing the Effectiveness of Conventional Weapons
3. The Evolution of Wound Ballistics: A Brief History
4. The Physics and Biophysics of Wound Ballistics
5. The Management of Ballistic Wounds of Soft Tissues
6. Primary Blast Injury and Basic Research: A Brief History
7. The Physics and Mechanisms of Primary Blast Injury
8. The Pathology of Primary Blast Injury
9. The Management of Primary Blast Injury
10. A Brief History and the Pathophysiology of Burns
11. The Management of Burn Injury
Affiliations
Index
CONVENTIONAL WARFARE
BALLISTIC, BLAST, AND BURN INJURIES
The Coat of Arms
1818
Medical Department of the Army
A 1976 etching by Vassil Ekimov of an
original color print that appeared in
The Military Surgeon, Vol. XLI, No. 2, 1917
The first line of medical defense in wartime is the combat medic.
Although in ancient times medics carried the cuduceus into battle to
signify the neutral, humanitarian nature of their tasks, they have
never been immune to the perils of war. They have made the
highest sacrifices to save the lives of others, and their dedication to
the wounded soldier is the foundation of military medical care.
Textbook of Military Medicine
SERIES ON COMBAT CASUALTY CARE
Published by the
Officeo f the Surgmrr General
Department of the Army, United States of America
Editor in Chief
Colonel Russ Zajtchuk, MC, US. Army
Deputy Commander
Walter Reed Army Medical Center
Professor (fS urgery, Uniformed Seruices Uniuersity of the Hmlth Sciences
Managing Editor
Donald P. Jenkins, Ph.D.
Director, Center of Excellence
Walter Reed Army Medical Center
Associate Prqfessor of Surgery, Georgetown Unizwsity
Visiting Associate Professor of Anatomy,
Uniformed Services Uniuersify of the Heulth Sciences
Associate Editor
Colonel Ronald F. Bellamy, MC, US. Army
Acting Chief, Departtrient of Surgery, Walter Reed Army Medical Center
Associute Professor of Military Medicine ,
Associute Professor of Surgery,
Uniformed Seroices University of the Health Sciences
Editor
Colleen Mathews Quick
TMM Publications, Center of Excellence
and the Ainerican Registry of Puthology
The TMM Series
Part I. Warfare, Weaponry, and the Casualty
Volume
I BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONMENT
2 MEDICAL CONSEQUENCES OF NUCLEAR WARFARE
3 MEDICAL CONSEQUENCES OF BIOLOGICAL WARFARE
1 MEDICAL CONSEQUENCES OF CHEMICAL WARFARE
5 CUNVENTIONAL WARFARE: RAI.I.ISTIC, BLAST,
AND BURN INJURIES
6 COMBAT STRESS
Part 11. Principles of Medical Command and Support
Volume
1 MEDICAL COMMAND AND SUPPORT IN AIRLAND BATTLE
2 MEDICINE IN LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT
Part 111. Military Preventive Medicine and the Environment
Volume
1 MOBILIZATION AND DEPLOYMENT
2 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH THE SOLDIER IN THE
INDUSTRIAI. BASE
3 THE NATUKAI. ENVIRONMEVT ALTITUDE. COLD,
AND HEAT
Part IV. Surgical Combat Casualty Care
Volume
1 THE CASUALTY
2 ANEW IESlA AKD CRITICAL CARE
1 MEDICAL IMACINC
4 HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
5 OI'HTHALMIC SURGERY AND NEUROSURGERY
6 CAKUlUl HOKACIC SURGERY
7 ABWMINAL AND UROGENITAL SURGERY
8 ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY
Be slowly lifted up, thou long black arm,
Great gun tozvering t’ward Heaven, about to curse
-Lieutenant Wilfred Owen
Royal Army
Killed in action in France, 1918
American soldiers, members of the Third Field Artillery, stand by as an M-198 155-mm howitzer is
fired during the multinational joint service exercise ”Bright Star” in Gabel Mamza, Egypt, in 1985.
CONVENTIONAL WARFARE
BALLISTIC, BLAST, AND BURN INJURIES
Specialty Editors
RONALD F. BELLAMY
RUSS ZAJTCHUK
Conf ribu f ing Au f hors
TERESA M. BUESCHER
WILLIAM G. CIOFFI, Jr.
ANTHONY J. JOHNSON
YANCY Y YHILLII% 111
BASIL A. PRUITT, Jr.
DONALD R. RICHMOND
LORINC W. RUE I11
DOUGLAS D. SHARPNACK
JAMES H. STUHMILLER
JOAN T. ZAJTCHUK
Walter Reed Army Medical Center
Walter Reed Army lnsfitufeo f Research
Washington, D.C.
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Bethesda, Maryland
United Stafes Army Insfitute for Surgical Research
Sari Antonio, Texas
Assistant Editor for Medicine and Surgery
Captain Cheryl Crowley Moore, MC, US. Army
Depnrtinent of Surgery, Walter Reed Army Medical Ceii trr
FEIIOIO, Ctxtrr of Excelleiice
CERTAIN PARTS OF THIS I'URI.ICATION PERTAIN TIU COPYRIGHI' RESTRIC I'IONS.
ALL KIGIITS RESERVEU.
NO COPYRIGHTED PART OF THIS I'UULICATIIUN MAY BE REI'ROUUCED OR
'TRANSMII'TEDIN AKY FORM OR RY ANY MEANS. ELECTRONIC
OR MECHAVICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY. RECORDING, OR
AVY IKFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT
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CI IAI'TERS 1.2. 3.4, 5, 6,7, 8,Y,1 0, AND 11
ARE U.S. GOVERNMENT WORKS 1.N THE I'LBLIC DOMAIN.
Published by the Office of the Surgeon General at TMM Publications,
Center of Excellence in Militarv Medical Research and Education
Walter Reed Army Medical Center
Washington, D.C. 20307-5000
Wilfred Owen's "Sonet on Seeing a Piece of Our Artillery Brought into Action"
is used by kind permission of New Directors Publishing Corporation.
Library ojCongress Cntnhging in Publicntion Dafa
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, US.G overnment Printing Office,
Washington, D.C. 20402
Conventional Warfare: Ballistic, Blast, and Burn Injury
Includes index.
1. Weaponry of conventional warfare. 2. Ballistic injury and treatment. 3. Blast injury and treatment.
4. Rum injury and treatment. (eds.) Zajtchuk, R., Jenkins, D. P., Bellamy. R. F.. Ouick. C. M.
I. Bellamy, Ronald F. 11. Zajtchuk, R.
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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AFFILIATIONS
Ronald F. Bellamy
Associate Professor of Military Medicine,
Associate Professor of Surgery,
The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences,
Bethesda, Maryland
Teresa M. Buescher
Chicdl Assistdrit Professor of Surgery,
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center,
San Antonio, Texas
William G. Cioffi, Jr.
Clinical Assistant Professor of Surgery,
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center,
San Antonio, Texas
Donald P. Jenkins
Associate Professor of Surgery,
Department of Surgery, Georgetown University,
Visiting Associate Professor of Anatomy,
Department of Anatomy, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences,
Bethesda, Maryland
Basil A. Pruitt, Jr.
Professor of Surgery,
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center,
San Antonio, Texas
Loring W. Rue 111
Clinical Assistant Professor of Surgery,
Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center,
San Antonio, Texas
Yancy Y Phillips I11
Associate Professor of Medicine,
Department of Medicine,
The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences,
Bethesda, Maryland
Joan T. Zajtchuk
Professor of Surgery,
Chairman, Division of Otolaryngology,
The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences,
Bethesda, Maryland
Russ Zajtchuk
Professor of Surgery,
Associate Dean for Academic Affairs,
The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences,
Bethesda, Maryland
379