Table Of ContentEnt. Tidskr. 132 (2011) Contribution to knowledge on Swedish crane flies
Contribution to knowledge on Swedish crane flies
(Diptera, Tipuloidea)
Jukka SalmEla
Salmela, J.: Contribution to knowledge on Swedish crane flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea). [Bi-
drag till känndedomen om svenska harkrankar (Diptera, Tipuloidea).] – Entomolo-
gisk Tidskrift 132(2): 113-118. uppsala, Sweden 2011. ISSN 0013-886x.
The crane fly collection and a small amount of unidentified material deposited in the Zoo-
logical museum, university of lund, Sweden, was examined by the author. Five species
(Elephantomyia krivosheinae Savchenko, 1976, Erioptera nielseni de meijere, 1921, Go-
nomyia subtenella Savchenko, 1972, Metalimnobia tenua Savchenko, 1976 and Tipula
wahlgreni lackschewitz, 1925) are reported for the first time from Sweden. locality data
for these species and nine other species, which are considered rare and poorly known in
Sweden, is provided. layer photos of female hypopygium of Tipula wahlgreni and its close
relative T. mutila Wahlgren, 1905 are presented.
Department of Biology, Zoological Museum, FI-20014 University of Turku, Finland. E-
mail: [email protected]
Introduction from northern Sweden (e.g. mendl 1974, 1979)
In terms of their body size and habitat asso- and from the Baltic coast (mendl 1987), trapped
ciations, crane flies are an astonishingly diverse mainly by himself and/or k. müller. Since the
group of nematoceran insects (de Jong et al. 1980’s, scientific study of Swedish crane flies
2008). a total of 406 species are known from the has been modest. although some crane flies have
Nordic countries and 355 from Sweden (Salmela been red-listed (Bartsch et al. 2005, Cederberg et
2010). These fragile and lanky flies have been al. 2010), the listings have almost entirely been
studied in Sweden since the era of C. v. linné based on old information and covered only about
(e.g. linnaeus 1758). Dozens of crane flies were 30 % of the species present in Sweden. Thus, de-
described by J. W. Zetterstedt (e.g. Zetterstedt spite a long tradition of crane fly taxonomy and
1838) and later revised by H.D.J. Wallengren faunistics in Sweden, much work should be done
(1881, 1882). keys for identification of Swedish in order to map species occurrences, describe
fauna were provided by E. Wahlgren (1905). Sev- their habitats and assess species’ responses to en-
eral Swedish and Scandinavian crane flies were vironmental change and management.
illustrated and described by B. Tjeder. His first, In april 2010 I made a short visit to the Zoo-
out of 47, Tipuloid paper was published in 1932 logical museum, university of lund, Sweden. I
and the last one in 1989 (Tjeder 1932, Tjeder & reidentified some crane fly specimens deposited
andersson 1989). In addition to his par excel- in the main collection and also identified previ-
lence taxonomic papers, Tjeder much elucidated ously unidentified material. In this article I report
the faunistics and natural history of Swedish the most significant findings of my visit. Five spe-
crane flies (e.g. Tjeder 1955, 1958, 1959). The cies are reported for the first time from Sweden
German entomologist H. mendl identified large and other records of noteworthy species, i.e. ones
amounts of limoniids and pediciids collected that are possibly rare in Sweden, are presented.
113
Jukka Salmela Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011)
Figure 1. Elephantomyia kri-
vosheinae Savchenko, 1976,
female. Locality data: Swe-
den, Lule Lappmark, Mes-
saure, Kaltisjokk, VI-VII.
1967 (Müller) (ZFMK). This
specimen was identified by H.
Mendl (1974) as E. edwardsi,
a species that is hitherto not
recorded from Sweden.
Elephantomyia krivosheinae
Savchenko, 1976, hona fårn
Lu.Lpm., Messaure, Kaltis-
jokk, VI-VII. 1967 (Müller)
(ZFMK). Detta exemplar
identifierades av H. Mendl
(1974) som E. edwardsi, en
art som hittills inte har hittats
i Sverige.
Material and methods
most of the studied specimens are deposited in
the Zoological museum, university of lund
(Zmlu). Other material was loaned from Zo-
ologisches Forschungsmuseum alexander koe-
nig, Bonn (ZFmk). If needed, abdominal termi-
nalia of the studied specimens were macerated
in 10 % kOH solution and finally preserved in
microvials in glycerol. Comparative material
(female specimens of Tipula wahlgreni and T.
mutila) is deposited in the Zoological museum,
university of Turku, Finland (ZmuT). If not
otherwise mentioned, faunistic records from
Finland are based on the author’s data-base of
Finnish crane flies. layer photos were taken
using an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope at-
tached to an Olympus E520 digital camera. Dig-
ital photos were captured using the programmes
Deep Focus 3.1 and Quick PHOTO CamERa
Figure 2. Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925, fe-
2.3. layer photos were finally combined with
male. Locality data: Sweden, Dalarna, Boda, Stygg-
the program Combine ZP.
forsen, 13.VII.1959 (Bo Tjeder) (ZMLU). This speci-
men has been erroneously interpreted to represent T. Species listed here are members of the fami-
jutlandica. lies limoniidae and Tipulidae, and are arranged
in alphabetical order. Nomenclature and family
Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925, hona från Da-
larna, Boda, Styggforsen, 13.VII.1959 (Bo Tjeder) classification follows Oosterbroek (2011). This
(ZMLU). Detta exemplar har felaktigt antagits vara classification of crane flies has recently been
T. jutlandica. Tipula wahlgreni är ny för Sverige och challenged by Petersen et al. (2010).
egentligen mest lik T. mutila Wahlgren, 1905, som
den kan skiljas från enligt karaktärerna i Fig 3 & 4.
114
Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011) Contribution to knowledge on Swedish crane flies
a
a
b
b
Figure 4. Female cerci and 10th tergite, dorsal view
of – a) Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925 and –
Figure 3. Females terminalia, lateral view of – a) Ti- b) Tipula mutila Wahlgren, 1905. Locality data as in
pula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925 [Locality data: Fig. 3.
Finland, Kb, Lieksa, Tetrikangas, 22.VI.-16.VII.2008
Honans cerci och tionde tergit, sedda ovanifrån av –
(J. Salmela) (ZMUT)] and – b) Tipula mutila Wahl-
a) Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925; – b) Tipula
gren, 1905 [Locality data: Finland, Lkoc, Kittilä,
mutila Wahlgren, 1905. Fynddata som i Fig. 3.
Siettelonvuoma, 4.-27.VI.2007 (J. Salmela) (ZMUT)].
Honor, bakkroppens spets sedd från sidan av – a)
Tipula wahlgreni Lackschewitz, 1925 [Exemplaret
är från Finland, Kb, Lieksa, Tetrikangas, 22.VI.-16.
VII.2008 (J. Salmela) (ZMUT)] och – b)Tipula muti-
la Wahlgren, 1905 [Finland, Lkoc, Kittilä, Siettelon-
vuoma, 4.-27.VI.2007 (J. Salmela) (ZMUT)].
Species new for Sweden reported by mendl (1974) from northern Swe-
den, messaure. This female specimen also be-
Limoniidae longs to E. krivosheinae (Fig. 1). In addition to
Elephantomyia (Elephantomyia) krivosheinae differences in the structure of male hypopygia,
Savchenko, 1976. Skåne, Skäralid, 11.VI.1950 Elephantomyia edwardsi and E. krivosheinae
(k. ander), 1 female (Zmlu); Lule Lappmark, can be readily identified based on the color pat-
messaure, kaltisjokk, VI-VII. 1967 (müller), 1 tern of the abdomen (E. edwardsi = banded ab-
female (ZFmk). domen, i.e. hind margins of both sternites and
Tjeder (1953) reported E. edwardsi lack- tergites are dark, giving a banded appearance;
schewitz, 1932 as a new species for Sweden. E. krivosheinae = dark coloration is confined to
In his article, Tjeder (1953) provided an illus- corners of strenites and tergites, giving an ap-
tration (habitus, p. 232) of the specimen which pearance of longitudinal lateral stripes). Thus E.
he considered to represent E. edwardsi. It was edwardsi should be deleted from the Swedish
noted by Tjeder (1953, p. 231) that the abdomen list and replaced by E. krivosheinae. Elephan-
of the specimen he studied was not banded, as tomyia krivosheinae in contrast to E. edwardsi,
it should be in E. edwardsi; the lack of bands is relatively common and widespread in Fin-
was considered by him to be due to the teneral land but previously not found in other Nordic
condition of the specimen. This female speci- countries. It has been recorded from a variety of
men is seemingly not teneral but belongs to E. decaying deciduous trees (e.g. Betula, Populus
krivosheinae. One specimen of E. edwardsi was tremula and Tilia cordata). long proboscis of
115
Jukka Salmela Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011)
adult Elephantomyia specimens (Fig. 1) is used cies occurs in central and eastern parts of the
for nectar sucking. country, its records originate mainly from moist
Erioptera (Erioptera) nielseni de mei- forests and spruce mires (Salmela 2009).
jere, 1921. Dalarna, Älvdalen, mossiberg, Tipula wahlgreni is very close to T. mutila
27.VII.1955 (k-H Forsslund), 1 male (Zmlu). Wahlgren, 1905. Females of these two species
Erioptera nielseni is a rather common inhab- are quite well separated due to their wing pattern
itant of hydrologically pristine minerotrophic (costal cell infuscated in T. wahlgreni, not in-
fens. It has been recorded in the north up to lati- fuscated in T. mutila). Clear differences are also
tude 68°N in Finland (Salmela 2008, autio & present in the abdominal terminalia (see Figures
Salmela 2010). 3 & 4).
Gonomyia (Gonomyia) subtenella Savchen-
ko, 1972. Skåne, malmö, limhamns kalkbrott, Other records
9.VI.-25.X.2007 (B.-W. Svensson), 1 male
(Zmlu). Limoniidae
This is a poorly known and rarely collected Dicranomyia (Idiopyga) danica kuntze, 1919.
species, not previously recorded from the Nordic Skåne, Ellestadsjön, 16.VI.1969, (H. anders-
countries. It has been found from Czech Repub- son), 1 male (Zmlu).
lic, Slovakia, macedonia, lithuania, morocco, Reported by Tjeder (1958) from southern
Georgia, azerbaijan and Iran (Starý and Ooster- Sweden. The species is collected from lake
broek 2008, Oosterbroek 2011). This specimen shores in NW Russia (Prizhiboro 2003) and
was collected with a malaise trap placed near brackish meadows in Sweden (Tjeder 1958).
moss-covered cliff seepage. Gonempeda flava (Schummel, 1829). Skåne,
Metalimnobia (Metalimnobia) tenua Vitemölla, mölleån, 14.VI.1948, (B. Tjeder),
Savchenko, 1976. Småland, Fågelfors, 2 males (Zmlu); Skåne, malmö, limhamns
15.VII.1935 (O. andersson), 1 male, 1 female kalkbrott 2007, (B.-W. Svensson) (Zmlu).
(Zmlu). The species is associated with small rivers
Metalimnobia tenua is a wide-ranging Pa- and their riparian zones (Podeniene & Gelhaus
laearctic species, known from Russian Far East, 2002). Reported by Tjeder (1955) from southern
Japan, austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia (Starý Sweden. The species has been recently collected
2006), Italy (Starý & Oosterbroek 2008), Fin- from SW Finland (J. Salmela, submitted manu-
land (Salmela et al. 2007) and China, Ningxia script).
(mao & Yang 2010). In Finland this species is Gonomyia (Gonomyia) abscondita lack-
typically found in mesic, mature mixed forests. schewitz, 1935. Skåne, kullen, Brunkulla RN-
038gi på ljus, 28.-29.VI.1973 (C.H. lindroth), 1
Tipulidae male (Zmlu). Skåne, malmö, limhamns kalk-
Tipula (Pterelachisus) wahlgreni lackschewitz, brott 2007, (B.-W. Svensson), 1 male (Zmlu).
1925. Dalarna, Boda, Styggforsen, 13.VII.1959, Identification of the specimen is based on a
(Bo Tjeder), 1 female (Zmlu). revision of G. lucidula and allied species (Starý
This female specimen (Fig. 2) was errone- 2011). In Finland G. abscondita is mainly asso-
ously placed in the Tipula jutlandica Nielsen, ciated with spring-fed headwater streams.
1947 unit in Zmlu. The specimen carried no Gonomyia (Gonomyia) lucidula de mei-
det label, and my opinion is that it was not iden- jere, 1920. Skåne, Ravlunda, klammersbäck,
tified as T. jutlandica by B. Tjeder. Tipula jut- 15.VI.1948, (B. Tjeder), 1 male (Zmlu).
landica is red-listed in Sweden (DD, Cederberg Identification of the specimen is based on a
et al. 2010), reported from Dalarna (1 female revision of G. lucidula and allied species (Starý
= T. wahlgreni) and Jämtland (1 male, Zmlu) 2011). Reliable records of this species are from
(Sandström & Cederberg 2010). However, only Central Europe, Bulgaria and Great Britain
the record from Jämtland is a correct one. Tipula (Starý 2011); the species is not known from Fin-
wahlgreni is known from NW Europe and West land (J. Salmela, submitted manuscript).
Siberia (Oosterbroek 2011). In Finland, the spe-
116
Ent. Tidskr. 132 (2011) Contribution to knowledge on Swedish crane flies
Lipsothrix remota (Walker, 1848). Skåne, Acknowledgements
malmö, limhamns kalkbrott 2007, (B.-W. I would like to show my sincere thanks and the great-
Svensson), 1 male (Zmlu). est gratitude to the personnel in the Zoological muse-
Lipsothrix larvae develop in wet or submerged um, university of lund (Bo-W. Svensson, Roy Dan-
ielsson, lars lundqvist, Rune Bygebjerg, Christoffer
wood (Hancock et al. 2009). It is widespread in
Fägerström) for their hospitality during my visit there
Europe, but in Scandinavia only reported from
in april 2010. Netta Dorchin (Bonn) is thanked for
southern Sweden (Tjeder 1955).
the loan of E. krivosheinae specimen. Yngve Brodin
Molophilus (Molophilus) occultus de mei-
(uppsala) gave constructive comments and mats Jon-
jere, 1918. Halland, Enslöv, Hylte (2504), sell (uppsala) translated abstract and figure legends
1.VIII.1983, (H. andersson), 1 male (Zmlu). from English to Swedish. liisa Puhakka (Turku) im-
according to Hugo andersson’s note book, proved the English of the manuscript.
the locality is a small mire with Carex spp,
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