Contemporary Archaeologies of the Southwest

311 Pages·2011·2.17 MB·English

by  William H. Walker and Kathryn R. Venzor (Editors)

Contemporary Archaeologies of the Southwest
P r o C e e d i n g S o f t h e S o u t h w e S t S y m P o S i u m
The Archaeology of Regional Interaction:
Religion, Warfare, and Exchange across the American Southwest and Beyond
edited by Michelle hegMon
Contemporary Archaeologies of the Southwest
edited by WilliaM h. Walker and kathryn r. Venzor
Identity, Feasting, and the Archaeology of the Greater Southwest
edited by barbara J. Mills
Movement, Connectivity, and Landscape Change in the Ancient Southwest
edited by Margaret c. nelson and colleen a. straWhacker
Traditions, Transitions, and Technologies: Themes in Southwestern Archaeology
edited by sarah h. schlanger
ContemPorAry of
ArChAeologieS the
Edited by
William H. Walker and Kathryn R. Venzor
u n i v e r S i t y P r e S S o f C o l o r A d o
© 2011 by the University Press of Colorado
Published by the University Press of Colorado
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The University Press of Colorado is a cooperative publishing enterprise supported, in part, by Ad-
ams State College, Colorado State University, Fort Lewis College, Mesa State College, Metropolitan
State College of Denver, Regis University, University of Colorado, University of Northern Colorado,
and Western State College of Colorado.
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Southwest Symposium (1988–) (10th : 2006 : Las Cruces, N.M.)
Contemporary archaeologies of the Southwest / edited by William H. Walker and Kathryn R.
Venzor.
p. cm. — (Proceedings of the Southwest Symposium)
“This volume builds on papers presented at the 10th Biennial 2006 Southwest Symposium entitled
‘Acts of History: Ritual, Landscape and Historical Archaeology in the U.S. Southwest and Northern
Mexico’, held in Las Cruces, New Mexico, January 13–14, 2006”—Introd.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-60732-090-6 (hardcover : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-60732-091-3 (e-book)
1. Indians of North America—Southwest, New—Antiquities—Congresses. 2. Indians of North
America—Southwest, New—Ethnic identity—Congresses. 3. Indians of North America—Material
culture—Southwest, New—Congresses. 4. Land settlement patterns, Prehistoric—Southwest,
New—Congresses. 5. Landscape changes—Southwest, New—History—To 1500—Congresses. 6.
Land use—Southwest, New—History—To 1500—Congresses. 7. Ethnoarchaeology—Southwest,
New—Congresses. 8. Human ecology—Southwest, New—History—To 1500—Congresses. 9.
Southwest, New—Antiquities—Congresses. I. Walker, William H., 1964– II. Venzor, Kathryn R. III.
Title.
E78.S7S576 2006
979—dc22
2011001963
Design by Daniel Pratt
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
List of Figures
List of Tables
Introduction to Contemporary Archaeologies of the Southwest
William H. Walker and Kathryn R. Venzor
PArt i: PlACeS of exPerienCe And memory
Materialities of Place: Ideology on the Chacoan Landscape
Ruth M. Van Dyke
Procurement and Landscape: Lithic Quarries as Places
Christine G. Ward
The Sun Dagger Interactive Computer Graphics Model: A Digital
Restoration of a Chacoan Calendrical Site
Anna Sofaer, Alan Price, James Holmlund, Joseph Nicoli, and Andrew Piscitello
The Lay of the Land: Power, Meaning, and the Social in Landscape
Analysis
Maria O’Donovan
v
Archaeology of the Moment: Creating Place in the Ludlow Strikers’
Colony
Michael E. Jacobson
Sacred Landscapes, Sacred Acts: The Metaphysics of Emplaced Ritual
among Northern Paiute and Hualapai Ghost Dancers
Alex K. Ruuska
Fire: Accidental or Intentional? An Archaeological Toolkit for Evaluating
Accident and Intent in Ancient Structural Fires
Joe Lally and A. J. Vonarx
PArt ii: BoundArieS And lAndSCAPeS of movement
Ancient Social Boundaries Inscribed on the Landscape of the Lower San
Pedro Valley
Patrick D. Lyons, Jeffery J. Clark, and J. Brett Hill
El Morro Valley as Crossroads, El Morro Valley as Gathering Place:
Understanding the Social Landscape of the Eastern Cibola Region
through the Archaeological and Historical Record
Gregson Schachner
Social Identity and Memory: Interactions between Apaches and
Mormons on a Frontier Landscape
Lauren Jelinek
Landscape Use at San Agustín
Barnet Pavao-Zuckerman
Ephemeral Sites and Inertia along El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro:
Evidence from Nearly Two Decades of Archaeological Research
Edward Staski
Investigating Differential Persistence of Pueblo Population: A Landscape
Approach
Ann F. Ramenofsky, Michael K. Church, and Jeremy Kulisheck
Index
vi Contents
Classic Bonito phase Chacoan world and the greater San Juan Basin
Fajada Butte at sunrise
Hosta Butte, South Gap, and Pueblo del Arroyo from a stone circle on the
north rim of Chaco Canyon
West Mesa shrines overlooking the Chaco River and the western San Juan
Basin
The tower kiva at Kin Ya’a
Brushy Basin chert
Map of the northern Southwest, showing community great houses, Chaco
Canyon, and approximate origination points for lithic raw materials
Diagram of solar and lunar markings of the Sun Dagger site as originally
recorded
Pairs of 1978 photographed images and 2006 registered model simulated
images
Pairs of 1980 to 1987 photographs with 2006 registered model simulated
images of rising sun and moon markings
The slabs in an image developed from the registered model and the laser-
scanned model that show their original positions, outlines of their disturbed
vii
positions, and measurements of some of the differences between the 2005
and 1984 positions
Northwestern section of Cerro de Trincheras
Location of areas on Cerro de Trincheras
Approximate location of streets in Ludlow strikers’ colony
Arapaho Ghost Dancers
John Gast, American Progress
René Descartes
John Locke
Wovoka, 1890s Ghost Dance prophet
Map of western Nevada, where 1890s Ghost Dance originated
Northern Paiute Woman and Tule House, ca. 1890s
Hualapai Ghost Dancer
Trails from Kingman to Tinaka
Salt Song Path map
Movement of heat and smoke in a compartment fire
Fuel wood burning in corner
Map of Arizona showing the locations of places mentioned in the text
Map showing Lower San Pedro Valley archaeological districts and the loca-
tions of sites mentioned in the text
Kiva at the Davis Ranch site, in the Lower San Pedro River Valley
Map of the Davis Ranch site showing Kayenta pithouses underlying pueblo
architecture and the segregation of the kiva from the core roomblock by a
later enclosing wall
Harvard Values study area circa 1950
Population changes at Ramah and Fence Lake during initial settlement
Locations of sites discussed in the text
Summary of zooarchaeological remains from Mission San Agustín
Map of south-central New Mexico, showing the Camino Real, the modern
interstate highway, the Rio Grande, and various archaeological project
areas
Counts of large and small settlements
Distribution of small and large settlements during Glaze-Paint periods
A–B
Distribution of small and large settlements during Glaze-Paint periods
C–D
Distribution of small and large settlements during Glaze-Paint periods
E–F
Place use periods, San Marcos Pueblo, north-central New Mexico
viii Figures
Production zone of St. Johns Polychrome and Cibola Corrugated from
Pueblo III period sites in El Morro Valley and Pescado Basin
San Agustín: species list
Estimates and census counts of Pueblo population
Puebloan population estimates before or at the time of initial Spanish con-
quest
Glaze-Paint periods by combining glaze-paint types
ix