Construction Process Improvement

317 Pages·2003·3.426 MB·English

Construction Process Improvement
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Construction Process
Improvement
Edited by
Brian Atkin, Jan Borgbrant & Per-Erik Josephson
Blackwell
Science
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© 2003 Blackwell Science Ltd, a Blackwell First published 2003 by Blackwell Science Ltd
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Contents
Preface xi
Acknowledgements xiii
Contributors xv
1 Introduction 1
Brian Atkin, Jan Borgbrant & Per-Erik Josephson
Recognising the importance of process 1
Creating an effective response 1
Balancing concern for the product with the process 2
The process to be improved 3
Aims of this book 5
Topics addressed 6
Scope and content 7
2 Modularisation in the Customisation of Manufactured Housing 15
Carina Johansson
Introduction 15
State-of-the-art review 16
Research project 25
Research results and industrial impact 27
Conclusions 28
References 29
3 Application of Integrated Life Cycle Design to Housing 31
Mats Öberg
Introduction 31
State-of-the-art review 32
Research project 37
Case study: research results and impact 38
Conclusions 41
References 41
v
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vi Contents
4 Life Cycle Costs of Commercial Buildings – a Case Study 44
Eva Sterner
Introduction 44
Methodological considerations 45
Case study description 46
Energy conservation 48
Life cycle cost analyses 50
Conclusions 54
References 55
5 A Life Cycle Cost Approach to Optimising Indoor
Climate Systems 56
Dennis Johansson & Anders Svensson
Introduction 56
State-of-the-art review 56
Research project 62
Research results and industrial impact 64
Conclusions 65
References 66
6 Performance Indicators as a Tool for Decisions in the
Construction Process 68
Veronica Yverås
Introduction 68
State-of-the-art review 68
Research project 74
Research results and industrial impact 77
Conclusions 79
References 80
7 Reducing the Risk of Failure in Performance within Buildings 82
Stephen Burke
Introduction 82
State-of-the-art review 82
Research project 89
Research results and industrial impact 90
Conclusions 91
References 91
8 Physical Status of Existing Buildings and their Components
with the Emphasis on Future Emissions 93
Torbjörn Hall
Introduction 93
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Contents vii
State-of-the-art review 94
Research project 101
Research results and industrial impact 103
Conclusions 104
References 104
9 Co-ordination of the Design and Building Process for
Optimal Building Performance 106
Niklas Sörensen
Introduction 106
State-of-the-art review 107
Research project 111
Conclusions 115
References 116
10 New Concrete Materials Technology for
Competitive Construction 118
Markus Peterson
Introduction 118
State-of-the-art review 118
Research project 124
Research results and industrial impact 125
Conclusions 127
References 127
11 Competitiveness in the Context of Procurement 130
Fredrik Malmberg
Introduction 130
State-of-the-art review 131
Research project 140
Conclusions 141
References 141
12 Encouraging Innovation through New Approaches
to Procurement 143
Kristian Widén
Introduction 143
State-of-the-art review 143
Research project 149
Research results and industrial impact 150
Conclusions 151
References 151
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viii Contents
13 Public-Private Partnerships – Conditions for Innovation
and Project Success 154
Roine Leiringer
Introduction 154
State-of-the-art review 155
Research project 160
Research results and industrial impact 163
Conclusions 165
References 166
14 Pros and Cons in Partnering Structures 168
Anna Rhodin
Introduction 168
State-of-the-art review 168
Research project 176
Research results and industrial impact 178
Conclusions 180
References 180
15 Importance of the Project Team to the Creation of Learning
Within and Between Construction Projects 183
Fredrik Anheim
Introduction 183
State-of-the-art review 184
Research project 188
Research results and industrial impact 190
Conclusions 192
References 193
16 Refurbishment of Commercial Buildings: the Relationship
between the Project and its Context 195
Åsa Engwall
Introduction 195
Theoretical framework 196
The case study of Oxenstiernan 201
Discussion and conclusions 208
References 209
17 Improving Project Effi ciency through Process Transparency
in Management Information Systems 211
Christian Lindfors
Introduction 211
State-of-the-art review 212
Research project 221
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Contents ix
Conclusions 222
References 223
18 Improvement Processes in Construction Companies 225
Peter Samuelsson
Introduction 225
State-of-the-art review 226
Research project 230
Research results and industrial impact 232
Conclusions 237
References 238
19 Design Research and the Records of Architectural Design:
Expanding the Foundations of Design Tool Development 240
Robert Fekete
Introduction 240
State-of-the-art review 240
Conclusions 253
References 253
20 Communicating Project Concepts and Creating
Decision Support from CAAD 255
Jan Henrichsén
Introduction 255
State-of-the-art review 255
Research project 260
Research results and industrial impact 264
Conclusions 264
References 265
21 Using 4D CAD in the Design and Management of
Vertical Extensions to Existing Buildings 266
Susan Bergsten
Introduction 266
State-of-the-art review 267
Research project 274
Research results and industrial impact 275
Conclusions 275
References 276
22 Importance of Architectural Attributes in
Facilities Management 278
Ulf Nordwall
Introduction 278
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x Contents
State-of-the-art review 279
Research project 285
Research results 287
Conclusions 290
References 290
23 Conclusions 292
Brian Atkin, Jan Borgbrant & Per-Erik Josephson
Ways forward to construction process improvement 292
Index 299
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Preface
Over the past few years, researchers and sponsors have increasingly turned
their attention to fi nding ways of improving the construction process. After
decades of neglect, construction process is high on the agenda and will remain
so, because of the realisation that the scope for improvement is considerable
and the time to make a difference in practice is long. Indeed, there are no quick
fi xes. Sustained improvement can come about only through well-conceived
plans that fi nd acceptance among practitioners, not least clients. Moreover,
concern for the process has to be matched by concern for the product. Consid-
ering one without the other is unlikely to lead to breakthroughs.
In this connection, new management thinking and actions that ignore the
underlying technology and how it is designed, produced, delivered, incorpo-
rated in a building and then maintained will have limited impact. Inevitably,
some new thinking will prove to be lacking, with the risk of a legacy of failed
buildings. For these reasons, the subjects covered by this book are an attempt
to ensure that product-related questions are not overlooked in the search for
answers to improvement in the construction process.
Twenty-one chapters cover many different aspects of the construction
process and, in most cases, explicitly cover their product-related implications.
Even so, they represent a fraction of the subjects that could or might have been
included. The problems to be solved are too numerous to mention, but, at least,
some important steps have been taken and are described by the contributors.
The key directions given to the contributors were: 1) to set their work in its
proper context, and 2) to ensure that the methodological aspects were defensi-
ble and transparent. Construction Process Improvement represents many strands
in the search for better value and a more enduring built environment and, as
such, should appeal to readers with a more holistic concern for the process.
Brian Atkin, Jan Borgbrant & Per-Erik Josephson
Reading, Luleå & Gothenburg
xi
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