Constructing Paris in the Age of Revolution

363 Pages·2009·5.403 MB·English

by  Allan Potofsky (auth.)

Constructing Paris in the
Age of Revolution
Allan Potofsky
Constructing Paris in the Age of Revolution
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Constructing Paris in the
Age of Revolution
Allan Potofsky
Professor,UniversitéParisDiderot-Paris7
©AllanPotofsky2009
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2009 978-0-230-57471-7
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FOR ISABELLE
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Contents
ListofFigures,Maps,andTables x
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvi
Introduction 1
TheThreeDreamsofCommerce:Corporatism,Statism,
Liberalism
Thebuilders’greatchainofbeing 4
AsymbioticFrenchcapitalism?Post-1763consumer
politics 8
Thebuildingtradesandlabormigration:Meandering
masons,peripateticplumbers,andothers 13
TheFrenchindustrial“exception?” 18
1 ParisianBuildingattheEndoftheAncienRégime:The
ConstructionTrades,thePre-IndustrialMarket,andthe
GuildDebate,1750–1789 22
Perceptionsofurbandeclineandancienrégimeconstruction
practices 29
Architecturalcriticsandtheguilddebateonthe
constructionsitesofParis 47
ThebirthofthestrikeandthereformofParis
construction 56
Onthecapital’s“unboundedmagnificience” 60
2 TheRevolutionandConstructionGuilds,1789–1793 63
TheconstructionoftheRevolution’spublicsphere 67
Privateconstructionandthecreditcrunchoftheearly
Revolution 75
Dismantlingthecorporateorderanddemarcatingthenew
regimeofParisianbuilding 81
Guildabolitionandlaborconflictintheconstruction
trades,1791 82
vii
viii Contents
Artisanalcontentionintheintersticesofoldandnew
regimes 87
Guildsandthepost-corporateeconomy 93
3 ProjectingtheRevolutionontheParisianWorkSite,
1789–1793 96
PublicserviceandconstructionintheRevolution 96
Frommunicipaltonationalpublicworks,1789–1793 98
Thenation’sworksite:ThePanthéonfrançais 105
Contestationandpublicworks 112
Site-specificandneighborhood-basedlaborstrifeinthe
Revolution 119
“Whatisthecitizen-builder?” 129
Fromgeniustocommerce:Constructionprojectsin1792 131
The1793revivaloftheancienrégimepoliceidea 137
Onthelimitsoftherevolutionarystate 141
4 TheBuildingTradesofParisDuringtheTerrorand
Thermidor,1793–1795 146
ThemakingofaJacobinlaborandindustrial“policy”? 146
“Whatisasans-culotte?” 150
WorkintheYearII 157
TerrorandreactiononthebuildingsitesofParis:Publicand
privateconstructionintheYearsIIandIII 165
OntheradicalizationoftheYearII 181
5 ReconcilingCommerceandRevolution,1795–1805 183
“Republican”commerceundertheDirectory,
1795–1799 183
Thestateandtheconstructionentrepreneur:A
rapprochement? 184
Towardanew“bureaucratie”ofbuilding 188
Thestate,capital,andlaborinthedebateoverwages
duringtheConsulate,1799–1804 200
6 ConstrainingCapital,ContainingLabor:StateUrban
PlanningofParis,1802–1815 216
TheNapoleonicstateandtheRevolution 216
Assessing,measuring,andpolicingtheParisianlaborforce 222
Ontheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofrestoringthe
guilds,1807–1810 227
ThecorporaterevivalundertheEmpire 237
Contents ix
ConclusionandEpilogue 243
“Unfree”yetprosperous:Laborandcapitalinconstruction,
1763–1871 243
Epilogue:Thenineteenth-centurycareerofcorporatism 249
Appendix 260
Notes 264
Bibliography 309
Index 333