Table Of ContentDenys Duchier
Yannick Parmentier (Eds.)
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1 Constraint Solving
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C and Language Processing
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7th International Workshop, CSLP 2012
Orléans, France, September 2012
Revised Selected Papers
123
Lecture Notes in Computer Science 8114
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Denys Duchier Yannick Parmentier (Eds.)
Constraint Solving
and Language Processing
7th International Workshop, CSLP 2012
Orléans, France, September 13-14, 2012
Revised Selected Papers
1 3
VolumeEditors
DenysDuchier
YannickParmentier
UniversityofOrléans
RueLéonarddeVinci,6
45400Orléans,France
E-mail:{denys.duchier,yannick.parmentier}@univ-orleans.fr
ISSN0302-9743 e-ISSN1611-3349
ISBN978-3-642-41577-7 e-ISBN978-3-642-41578-4
DOI10.1007/978-3-642-41578-4
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Preface
These are the post-proceedings of the seventh International Workshop on Con-
straintSolvingandLanguageProcessing(CSLP).ThefirstCSLPworkshoptook
place in 2004 in Roskilde, Denmark. It opened a decade of research on the role
of constraints in the representationand processing of language.
While constraints are widely used in many fields, including linguistics, com-
putational linguistics, psycholinguistics,etc., their use andinterpretationdiffers
according to the research domain. In this context, the CSLP workshops aim at
gathering researchersfrom various fields to allow them to exchange ideas about
their conception of the role of constraints in language understanding and pro-
cessing. Contributions to the CSLP workshops include (but are not limited to):
• Constraints in human language comprehensionand production;
• Context modelling and discourse interpretation;
• Acquisition of constraints;
• Constraints and learning;
• Cross-theoreticalview of the notion of constraint;
• New advances in constraint-basedlinguistic theories;
• Constraint satisfaction (CS) technologies for natural language proceesing
(NLP);
• Linguistic analysis and linguistic theories biased towards CS or constraint
logic programming (CLP);
• Application of CS or CLP for NLP;
• CSandCLPforotherthantextualorspokenlanguages,e.g.,signlanguages
and biological, multimodal human-computer interaction, visual languages;
• Probabilistic constraint-basedreasoning for NLP ...
10 extended and revised papers have been selected via the rigorous efforts of a
Program Committee (PC) composed of renowned researchers. Each paper has
been reviewed by two independent committee members.
CSLP 2012 would not have been possible without the precious help of the
PC,theorganizingcommittee,thelocalorganizingcommitteeandoursponsors.
Thanks to them all.
Wishing you a fruitful reading,
yours faithfully
July 2013 Denys Duchier
Yannick Parmentier
Organization
CSLP’12 was organized by the Laboratory for Fundamental Computer Science
(LIFO), University of Orl´eans, France.
Executive Committee
Workshop Chairs
Denys Duchier and
Yannick Parmentier Universit´e d’Orl´eans, France
Steering Committee
Philippe Blache CNRS - Universit´e de Provence, France
Henning Christiansen Roskilde University, Denmark
Ver´onica Dahl Simon Fraser University, Canada
Denys Duchier Universit´e d’Orl´eans, France
Jørgen Villadsen Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
Program Committee
Philippe Blache CNRS - Universit´e de Provence, France
Adriane Boyd Universit¨at Tu¨bingen, Germany
Aoife Cahill ETS Princeton, USA
Henning Christiansen Roskilde University, Denmark
Berthold Crysmann CNRS - Paris 7, France
Ver´onica Dahl Simon Fraser University, Canada
Helen de Hoop Radboud University Nijmegen, Netherlands
Eric De La Clergerie INRIA - Paris 7, France
Denys Duchier Universit´e d’Orl´eans, France
Claire Gardent CNRS - LORIA, France
Barbara Hemforth CNRS - Universit´e Paris 7, France
Maria Dolores Jim´enez-L´opez Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spain
Laura Kallmeyer Heinrich Heine Universit¨at, Du¨sseldorf,
Germany
Ruth Kempson King’s College London, UK
Stephan Kepser Codecentric AG Du¨sseldorf, Germany
Patrick McCrae LangTec, Hamburg, Germany
Wolfgang Menzel Universit¨at Hamburg, Germany
Detmar Meurer Universit¨at Tu¨bingen, Germany
VIII Organization
V´eronique Moriceau Universit´e Paris XI, France
Yannick Parmentier Universit´e d’Orl´eans, France
Jean-Philippe Prost Universit´e de Montpellier, France
Adam Przepio´rkowski IPIPAN, Warsaw, Poland
Christian R´etor´e Universit´e de Bordeaux, France
Frank Richter Universit¨at Tu¨bingen, Germany
Sylvain Salvati Inria - Universit´e de Bordeaux, France
Sylvain Schmitz ENS Cachan, France
Kiril Simov Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria
Jesse Tseng CNRS - Universit´e de Toulouse, France
Jørgen Villadsen Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
Sponsoring Institutions
Laboratoire d’Informatique Fondamentale d’Orl´eans
Universit´e d’Orl´eans
Conseil R´egional du Centre
Conseil G´en´eral du Loiret
Mairie d’Orl´eans
Invited Speakers
Ruth Kempson King’s College London
Stergios Chatzikyriakidis Royal Holloway University of London and
Open University of Cyprus
Grammars as Mechanisms for Real-Time Tree-Growth:
Explaining Clitic Pronouns
Abstract:Inthistalk,weargueforashiftofperspectiveintodefininggrammars
asmechanismsforincrementalgrowthofinterpretationreflectingthetime-lineof
processing(DynamicSyntax:Kempsonetal.2001,Cannetal.2005,Chatzikyr-
iakidis & Kempson 2011). The core syntactic notion of this framework is that
of monotonic context-relative tree growth (following Blackburn & Meyer-Viol
1994), with both content and structural parameters of underspecification and
update. Our case study is the puzzle of clitic pronounclusters of Modern Greek
dialects, which illustrate both the low level morphological idiosyncracy of such
clusterings,andyetthe broadcross-linguisticconstraintstowhichthey aresub-
ject: these dialects display variants of the so-called Person Case Constraint, a
constraint whose generality continues to provide a major challenge for current
theoretical frameworks (Adger & Harbour 2007, Heap 2005, among others). We
show first how the limits on variation displayed in such clusters are explicable
in terms of a constraint debarring more than one underspecified tree relation of
a type at a time, a constraint only expressible in a dynamical grammar frame-
work; and we give an analysis of Greek dialectal variation in these terms. Then
we explore the consequences of this theoretical perspective, viz. the domain-
generality of the system of growth underpinning natural-language syntax; and
we will suggest that metrical ambiguities and metrical dissonance displayed in
music (Vazan& Schober2004,London2012)aresubjectto the samerestriction
on real-time structural processing.
Table of Contents
The Role of Universal Constraints in Language Acquisition............ 1
Leonor Becerra-Bonache, Vero´nica Dahl, and J. Emilio Miralles
Building and Exploiting Constraint-BasedTreebanks ................. 14
Philippe Blache
An Account of Natural Language Coordination in Type Theory with
Coercive Subtyping .............................................. 31
Stergios Chatzikyriakidis and Zhaohui Luo
A Speaker-ReferringOT Pragmatics of Quantity Expressions .......... 52
Chris Cummins
Modelling Language, Action, and Perception in Type Theory with
Records......................................................... 70
Simon Dobnik, Robin Cooper, and Staffan Larsson
Probabilistic Grammar Induction in an Incremental Semantic
Framework...................................................... 92
Arash Eshghi, Matthew Purver, Julian Hough, and Yo Sato
A Predicative Operator and Underspecification by the Type Theory of
Acyclic Recursion ................................................ 108
Roussanka Loukanova
OntologyDrivenContextualBestFitinEmbodiedConstructionGrammar 133
Jesu´s Oliva, Jerome Feldman, Luca Gilardi, and Ellen Dodge
Describing Music with MetaGrammars ............................. 152
Simon Petitjean
Resolving Relative Time Expressions in Dutch Text with Constraint
Handling Rules .................................................. 166
Matje van de Camp and Henning Christiansen
Author Index.................................................. 179
The Role of Universal Constraints
in Language Acquisition
Leonor Becerra-Bonache1, Veronica Dahl2, and J. Emilio Miralles2
1 Laboratoire HubertCurien, Jean Monnet University,18 rue Benoit Lauras,
42100 Saint-Etienne,France
[email protected]
2 Simon Fraser University,Burnaby,BC, V5A-1S6,Canada
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract. We propose to automate the field of language acquisition
evaluation through Constraint Solving; in particular through the use of
Womb Grammars. Womb Grammar Parsing is a novel constraint based
paradigmthatwasdevisedmainlytoinducegrammaticalstructurefrom
the description of its syntactic constraints in a related language. In this
paper we argue that based on universal constraints it is also ideal for
automating theevaluation of language acquisition, and present as proof
ofconceptaCHRGsystemfordetectingwhichoffourteenlevelsofmor-
phological proficiency a child is at, from a representative sample of the
child’sexpressions.Ourresultsalsouncoverwaysinwhichthelinguistic
constraintsthatcharacterize agrammar needtobetailored tolanguage
acquisition applications. We also put forward a proposal for discovering
in what order such levels are typically acquired in other languages than
English. Our findings have great potential practical value, in that they
can help educators tailor the games, stories, songs, etc. that can aid a
child(orasecondlanguagelearner)toprogressintimelyfashionintothe
nextlevelofproficiency,andcanaswellhelpshedlightontheprocesses
by which languages less studied than English are acquired.
Keywords: UniversalConstraints,WombGrammarParsing,Language
Acquisition,ConstraintOrderAcquisition,ConstraintBasedGrammars,
Property Grammars, CHRG.
1 Introduction
Constraint-based linguistic models, such as HPSG [21] or Property Grammars
[2], view linguistic constraints in terms of property satisfaction between cate-
gories, rather than in the more traditional terms of properties on hierarchical
representations of completely parsed sentences. This view has several advan-
tages,includingallowingformistakestobedetectedandpointedoutratherthan
blockingthe analysisaltogether,andhas yieldedgoodresults forlanguageanal-
ysis and grammar development. Language acquisition is a research area where
constraint-basedapproachescanpotentially make importantcontributions. Ap-
plications of constraint-based approaches to processing learner language have
D.DuchierandY.Parmentier(Eds.):CSLP2012,LNCS8114,pp.1–13,2013.
(cid:2)c Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2013
