Table Of ContentConfiguringandAdministeringOracle®
Solaris11.1Networks
PartNo:E28989–01
October2012
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121203@25097
Contents
Preface.....................................................................................................................................................9
1 PlanningtheNetworkDeployment .................................................................................................11
NetworkPlanning(TaskMap) ..........................................................................................................11
DeterminingtheNetworkHardware................................................................................................12
DecidingonanIPAddressingFormatforYourNetwork..............................................................13
IPv4Addresses .............................................................................................................................13
DHCPAddresses..........................................................................................................................14
IPv6Addresses .............................................................................................................................14
PrivateAddressesandDocumentationPrefixes ......................................................................14
ObtainingYourNetwork'sIPNumber.............................................................................................15
NamingEntitiesonYourNetwork....................................................................................................15
AdministeringHostNames ........................................................................................................15
SelectingaNameServiceandDirectoryService ......................................................................16
UsingSubnets ......................................................................................................................................17
PlanningforRoutersonYourNetwork............................................................................................17
NetworkTopologyOverview .....................................................................................................17
HowRoutersTransferPackets ...................................................................................................19
DeployingVirtualNetworks..............................................................................................................21
2 ConsiderationsWhenUsingIPv6Addresses...................................................................................23
IPv6Planning(TaskMap) .................................................................................................................23
IPv6NetworkTopologyScenario .....................................................................................................24
EnsuringHardwareSupportforIPv6 ...............................................................................................26
PreparinganIPv6AddressingPlan...................................................................................................27
ObtainingaSitePrefix.................................................................................................................27
CreatingtheIPv6NumberingScheme......................................................................................27
3
Contents
ConfiguringNetworkServicestoSupportIPv6 ..............................................................................28
▼HowtoPrepareNetworkServicesforIPv6Support................................................................29
▼HowtoPrepareDNSforIPv6Support .....................................................................................30
PlanningforTunnelUseintheNetwork..........................................................................................30
SecurityConsiderationsfortheIPv6Implementation...................................................................31
3 ConfiguringanIPv4Network............................................................................................................33
NetworkConfiguration(TaskMap) .................................................................................................33
BeforeYouBeginNetworkConfiguration.......................................................................................34
ConfiguringComponentSystemsontheNetwork.........................................................................35
IPv4AutonomousSystemTopology.........................................................................................36
SettingUpSystemConfigurationModes..................................................................................38
ConfiguringanIPv4Router .......................................................................................................43
▼HowtoConfigureanIPv4Router .............................................................................................43
RoutingTablesandRoutingTypes............................................................................................46
ConfiguringMultihomedHosts.................................................................................................48
ConfiguringRoutingforSingle-InterfaceSystems..................................................................51
AddingaSubnettoaNetwork....................................................................................................54
MonitoringandModifyingTransportLayerServices ....................................................................56
▼HowtoLogtheIPAddressesofAllIncomingTCPConnections .........................................56
▼HowtoAddServicesThatUsetheSCTPProtocol ..................................................................56
▼HowtoUseTCPWrapperstoControlAccesstoTCPServices.............................................59
4 EnablingIPv6ontheNetwork ..........................................................................................................61
ConfiguringanIPv6Interface ...........................................................................................................61
▼HowtoConfigureaSystemForIPv6.........................................................................................61
▼HowtoTurnOffIPv6AddressAutoconfiguration .................................................................63
ConfiguringanIPv6Router...............................................................................................................64
▼HowtoConfigureanIPv6-EnabledRouter..............................................................................64
ModifyinganIPv6InterfaceConfigurationforHostsandServers...............................................66
UsingTemporaryAddressesforanInterface...........................................................................66
ConfiguringanIPv6Token ........................................................................................................69
AdministeringIPv6-EnabledInterfacesonServers.................................................................71
ConfiguringNameServiceSupportforIPv6 ...................................................................................72
▼HowtoAddIPv6AddressestoDNS..........................................................................................72
4 ConfiguringandAdministeringOracleSolaris11.1Networks • October2012
Contents
▼HowtoDisplayIPv6NameServiceInformation.....................................................................73
▼HowtoVerifyThatDNSIPv6PTRRecordsAreUpdatedCorrectly ...................................73
▼HowtoDisplayIPv6InformationThroughNIS .....................................................................74
5 AdministeringaTCP/IPNetwork ......................................................................................................75
MajorTCP/IPAdministrativeTasks(TaskMap) ...........................................................................76
MonitoringNetworkStatusWiththenetstatCommand............................................................77
▼HowtoDisplayStatisticsbyProtocol........................................................................................77
▼HowtoDisplaytheStatusofTransportProtocols...................................................................78
▼HowtoDisplayNetworkInterfaceStatus.................................................................................79
▼HowtoDisplaytheStatusofSockets.........................................................................................80
▼HowtoDisplaytheStatusofTransmissionsforPacketsofaSpecificAddressType ..........82
▼HowtoDisplaytheStatusofKnownRoutes ............................................................................82
ProbingRemoteHostsWiththepingCommand...........................................................................83
▼HowtoDetermineifaRemoteHostIsRunning......................................................................84
▼HowtoDetermineifaHostIsDroppingPackets ....................................................................84
AdministeringandLoggingNetworkStatusDisplays....................................................................85
▼HowtoControltheDisplayOutputofIP-RelatedCommands .............................................85
▼HowtoLogActionsoftheIPv4RoutingDaemon...................................................................86
▼HowtoTracetheActivitiesoftheIPv6NeighborDiscoveryDaemon .................................86
DisplayingRoutingInformationWiththetracerouteCommand.............................................87
▼HowtoFindOuttheRoutetoaRemoteHost ..........................................................................87
▼HowtoTraceAllRoutes .............................................................................................................88
MonitoringPacketTransfersWiththesnoopCommand..............................................................89
▼HowtoCheckPacketsFromAllInterfaces...............................................................................89
▼HowtoCapturesnoopOutputIntoaFile.................................................................................90
▼HowtoCheckPacketsBetweenanIPv4ServerandaClient..................................................90
▼HowtoMonitorIPv6NetworkTraffic......................................................................................91
MonitoringPacketsbyUsingIPLayerDevices .......................................................................91
AdministeringDefaultAddressSelection ........................................................................................94
▼HowtoAdministertheIPv6AddressSelectionPolicyTable .................................................95
▼HowtoModifytheIPv6AddressSelectionTablefortheCurrentSessionOnly .................96
6 ConfiguringIPTunnels .......................................................................................................................97
OverviewofIPTunnels ......................................................................................................................97
5
Contents
IPTunnelAdministrationinOracleSolaris11........................................................................97
TypesofTunnels..........................................................................................................................97
TunnelsintheCombinedIPv6andIPv4NetworkEnvironments........................................98
6to4Tunnels.................................................................................................................................99
DeployingTunnels............................................................................................................................104
RequirementsforCreatingTunnels ........................................................................................104
RequirementsforTunnelsandIPInterfaces..........................................................................104
TunnelConfigurationandAdministrationWiththedladmCommand....................................105
dladmSubcommands ................................................................................................................106
ConfiguringTunnels(TaskMap) ............................................................................................106
▼HowtoCreateandConfigureanIPTunnel ...........................................................................107
▼HowtoConfigurea6to4Tunnel..............................................................................................110
▼HowtoConfigurea6to4Tunneltoa6to4RelayRouter.......................................................112
▼HowtoModifyanIPTunnelConfiguration ..........................................................................114
▼HowtoDisplayanIPTunnel'sConfiguration .......................................................................115
▼HowtoDisplayanIPTunnel'sProperties ..............................................................................116
▼HowtoDeleteanIPTunnel......................................................................................................116
7 IPv4Reference ...................................................................................................................................119
TCP/IPConfigurationFiles .............................................................................................................119
inetdInternetServicesDaemon.....................................................................................................120
Thename-service/switchSMFService .......................................................................................121
HowNameServicesAffectNetworkDatabases .....................................................................122
RoutingProtocolsinOracleSolaris ................................................................................................123
RoutingInformationProtocol(RIP).......................................................................................123
ICMPRouterDiscovery(RDISC)Protocol............................................................................123
TablesofRoutingProtocolsinOracleSolaris ........................................................................124
8 IPv6Reference ...................................................................................................................................125
OracleSolarisIPv6Implementation...............................................................................................125
IPv6ConfigurationFiles ...........................................................................................................125
IPv6-RelatedCommands..........................................................................................................129
IPv6-RelatedDaemons .............................................................................................................133
IPv6NeighborDiscoveryProtocol..................................................................................................136
ICMPMessagesFromNeighborDiscovery............................................................................136
6 ConfiguringandAdministeringOracleSolaris11.1Networks • October2012
Contents
AutoconfigurationProcess .......................................................................................................137
NeighborSolicitationandUnreachability..............................................................................139
DuplicateAddressDetectionAlgorithm ................................................................................139
ProxyAdvertisements ...............................................................................................................139
InboundLoadBalancing...........................................................................................................140
Link-LocalAddressChange .....................................................................................................140
ComparisonofNeighborDiscoverytoARPandRelatedIPv4Protocols ..........................140
IPv6Routing ......................................................................................................................................142
RouterAdvertisement ...............................................................................................................142
IPv6ExtensionstoOracleSolarisNameServices..........................................................................143
DNSExtensionsforIPv6...........................................................................................................143
ChangestoNameServiceCommands ....................................................................................144
NFSandRPCIPv6Support .............................................................................................................144
IPv6OverATMSupport ..................................................................................................................144
Index ...................................................................................................................................................145
7
8
Preface
WelcometoConfiguringandAdministeringOracleSolaris11.1Networks.Thisbookispartof
theseriesEstablishingAnOracleSolaris11.1Networkthatcoverbasictopicsandproceduresto
configureOracleSolarisnetworks.ThisbookassumesthatyouhavealreadyinstalledOracle
Solaris.Youshouldbereadytoconfigureyournetworkorreadytoconfigureanynetworking
softwarethatisrequiredonyournetwork.
WhoShouldUseThisBook
ThisbookisintendedforanyoneresponsibleforadministeringsystemsthatrunOracleSolaris,
whichareconfiguredinanetwork.Tousethisbook,youshouldhaveatleasttwoyearsofUNIX
systemadministrationexperience.AttendingUNIXsystemadministrationtrainingcourses
mightbehelpful.
AccesstoOracleSupport
OraclecustomershaveaccesstoelectronicsupportthroughMyOracleSupport.For
information,visithttp://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=infoorvisit
http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=trsifyouarehearingimpaired.
TypographicConventions
Thefollowingtabledescribesthetypographicconventionsthatareusedinthisbook.
TABLEP–1 TypographicConventions
Typeface Description Example
AaBbCc123 Thenamesofcommands,files,anddirectories, Edityour.loginfile.
andonscreencomputeroutput
Usels-atolistallfiles.
machine_name% you have mail.
AaBbCc123 Whatyoutype,contrastedwithonscreen machine_name%su
computeroutput
Password:
9
Preface
TABLEP–1 TypographicConventions (Continued)
Typeface Description Example
aabbcc123 Placeholder:replacewitharealnameorvalue Thecommandtoremoveafileisrm
filename.
AaBbCc123 Booktitles,newterms,andtermstobe ReadChapter6intheUser'sGuide.
emphasized
Acacheisacopythatisstored
locally.
Donotsavethefile.
Note:Someemphasizeditems
appearboldonline.
ShellPromptsinCommandExamples
ThefollowingtableshowsthedefaultUNIXsystempromptandsuperuserpromptforshells
thatareincludedintheOracleSolarisOS.Notethatthedefaultsystempromptthatisdisplayed
incommandexamplesvaries,dependingontheOracleSolarisrelease.
TABLEP–2 ShellPrompts
Shell Prompt
Bashshell,Kornshell,andBourneshell $
Bashshell,Kornshell,andBourneshellforsuperuser #
Cshell machine_name%
Cshellforsuperuser machine_name#
10 ConfiguringandAdministeringOracleSolaris11.1Networks • October2012
Description:property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not documentation, delivered to U.S. Government end users are "commercial Routing Information Protocol (RIP) This book is intended for anyone responsible for administering systems that run
