Table Of ContentCondensed
Matter Theories
Volume 24
TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk
Condensed
Matter Theories
Volume 24
Feodor Kusmartsev
Department of Physics, Loughborough University, UK
Editor
World Scientific
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CONDENSED MATTER THEORIES
Volume 24
(With CD-ROM)
Proceedings of the 32nd International Workshop
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ISBN-13 978-981-4289-14-6
ISBN-10 981-4289-14-0
Printed in Singapore.
Benjamin - Condensed Matter Theories V24.pm1d 10/1/2009, 1:33 PM
September 30, 2009 11:37 WSPC/140-IJMPB 06316
PREFACE
The International Workshop on Condensed Matter Theories is an annual scien-
ti(cid:12)c meeting, which has been hosted by prominent research institutions and uni-
versities in the Americas, Europe, Africa, Australia and Asia. The 32nd Work-
shop of the series (CMT32) took place from 12 to 19 August, 2008, at the
pleasant venue of Loughborough University, one of the longest campuses in Eu-
rope, located in the heart of England. The meeting was dedicated to the birth
centenary of Lev Landau whose ideas founded Condensed Matter Physics and
consisted of several symposia, covering T-rays, superconductivity, strongly cor-
related electrons and electronic phase separation, Josephson arrays and quan-
tum dots, supercold gases and Bose-Einstein Condensation, many-body physics
and quantum information, as well as a symposium for young scientists. There
was also a one-day joint session with the Frontiers of Low Temperature Physics
Conference at Royal Holloway, University of London. The workshop was held
under the joint sponsorship of Loughborough University, through the Depart-
Fig.1. ParticipantsattheCMT32workshop.
v
September 30, 2009 11:37 WSPC/140-IJMPB 06316
vi Preface
ment of Physics, the Theory of Condensed Matter group of the Institute of
Physics and the ESF network Arrays of Quantum Dots and Josephson Junctions
(AQDJJ).
This International Workshop on Condensed Matter Theories (CMT32) had,
as all previous ones, a strong interdisciplinary tradition, in recognition of the
commonality of problems faced by theorists and computational scientists when
they seek fundamental and practical understanding of many-body systems in di-
verse areas of physics, and to address recent challenges of human society. Re-
searchers workingin di(cid:11)erent and diverse sub(cid:12)elds of solid-state, soft-matter, low-
temperature,material,atomic,nuclear,particle,statistical,astrophysical,chemical
and biological physics gathered at Loughborough University to share new con-
cepts and strategies as well as novel developments in analysis and computation,
to exchangeideas or supply thoughts on addressing recent challenges. The partici-
pants enjoyed an exceptionally stimulating mix of condensed matter physics prob-
lems, spanning such traditional (cid:12)elds as quantum (cid:13)uids, solid state and atomic
physics, quantum physics and information theory. Special attention was given to
theoretical and experimental studies of recently discovered phenomena in novel
materials such as graphene and oxide, Fe{As and other superconductors. An-
other subject of topical interest covered by a symposium was terahertz (T-ray)
physics: Kazuo Kadowaki presented an overview of experiments on anomalous
powerful T-ray radiation from layered superconductors and other aspects of T-ray
physics.
Sixty-six invited papers were presented, of which forty-six papers appear in
this book. Reports of recent results generated lively debate on arrays of Joseph-
son junctions, on arrays of quantum dots, on two- and three-dimensional electron
systems and Ising models, the metal-insulator transition, dilute magnetic semi-
conductors,e(cid:11)ects of disorder,extraordinarymagnetoresistancephenomena, ferro-
magnetic stripes,quantum Hall systems,stronglycorrelatedFermisystems, super-
conductivity, dilute fermionic andbosonic gases,nanostructuredmaterials,plasma
instabilities, quantum (cid:13)uid mixtures, and Josephson junctions of extended or/and
reduced geometries. In addition, there were special sessions on many-body prob-
lems, quantum information theory and evidence for room temperature supercon-
ductivity observedwith the aid of the paramagneticMeissner e(cid:11)ect. The quantum
matter emphasis of this 32nd CMT workshop was highlighted by a visit to Royal
Holloway,UniversityofLondonforajointsessionCMT32workshopwiththeUltra
Low Temperature Conference chaired by John Saunders.
Duringthe meeting,wetookthe opportunitytohonourdistinguished scientists
suchasJanZaanen,KlimKugelandMikkoSaarelaamongouresteemedcolleagues
in condensed matter physics who attained chronological maturity (from age 50 to
60 respectively) during 2007{2008. All these scientists have earned the deep re-
spect of the many-body community through their leadership in prediction of new
phenomena and their pioneering quantum (cid:12)eld theory and various applications of
variational/correlated-basisfunctionstoquantum(cid:13)uids,nuclear,condensedmatter
September 30, 2009 11:37 WSPC/140-IJMPB 06316
Preface vii
and other physics problems. Several co-workers and admirers, including Raymond
Bishop, Anna Kusmartseva, Timo Hyart, Amalia Patan(cid:19)e, Dmitry Gulevich, Cyril
AlekseevandmanyotherspaidtributetoJanZaanenorMikkoSaarelaorKliment
Kugel. One of these, Jan Zaanen, proposed the existence of stripes in strongly
correlated electron systems and is a leading (cid:12)gure in this area. The second, Mikko
Saarela,isaninventoroftime-dependentvariationalmany-bodytheory.Hehasbeen
a dynamic and dominant (cid:12)gure in the development and quantitative implementa-
tion of correlated basis approaches to strongly interacting quantum many-body
systemsacrossanamazingrangeofforms,fromheliumsystemsinbulk,(cid:12)lms,clus-
ters,andmixtures,toCoulombsystemsinfermionicandbosonicversionsinvarious
dimensions. The third one is Kliment Kugel, who has invented the highly popular
Kugel-KhomskiiHamiltonian.
There were severalspecial sessions.The workshopbegan with a highly popular
session for outstanding young scientists, who presented many nice talks. There
Amalia Patan(cid:19)e reported on the importance of electronic resonant traps, Anna
Kusmartseva described electronic phase separation arising in low temperature su-
perconductors created under high pressure at the insulator-metal-superconductor
transition, Natalia Janson described how collective behaviour arises in a network
of oscillating elements and how this depends on the type and strength of interac-
tion between the units, and on the dynamics of individual units, Jim Hague spoke
about the network formation of embolic strokes and about measures to avoid this
Fig.2. KazuoKadowakirevewstheTHzgapandT-rayphysics.
September 30, 2009 11:37 WSPC/140-IJMPB 06316
viii Preface
Fig.3. Audienceatthesymposiumforoutstanding youngscientists.
Fig.4. AlexanderBalatskydescribesDiracmaterials.
and Dmitry Gulevich described novel (cid:13)ux cloning and related phenomena which
may be observed in Josephson junctions. These and many other talks stimulated
long discussions lasting to the end of the conference. In a session dedicated to the
physics of T-rays,Richard Klemm described the geometryof T-raysradiated from
September 30, 2009 11:37 WSPC/140-IJMPB 06316
Preface ix
Fig.5. AlexZagoskindescribesthenewconcept ofquantummetamaterials.
layeredsuperconductorsandCyrilAlekseevdescribedasemiconductorsuperlattice
as a most promising source of T-rays. A third session was dedicated to electronic
phase separations.
Those speaking at the special sessions included Gabriel Aeppli and Man-
fred Ristig, as well as Alex Zagoskin, Serge Saveliev, Bilal Tanatar, John Clark
and Mikko Saarela, most of whom have been closely collaborating with each
other during and after the workshop. One may also note the interesting talks
Fig.6. PosterbyHanaaHassan.
