Concrete-filled stainless steel tubular columns

149 Pages·2019·5.699 MB·English

by  Hadi, Muhammad N. S., Liang, Qing Quan, Patel, Vipulkumar

Concrete-Filled Stainless
Steel Tubular Columns

Concrete-Filled Stainless
Steel Tubular Columns
Vipulkumar Ishvarbhai Patel
Qing Quan Liang
Muhammad N. S. Hadi
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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© 2019 by Vipulkumar Ishvarbhai Patel, Qing Quan Liang, and Muhammad N. S. Hadi
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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data
Names: Patel, Vipulkumar, author. | Liang, Qing Quan, 1965- author. | Hadi,
Muhammad N. S., author.
Title: Concrete-filled stainless steel tubular columns / Vipulkumar Patel,
Qing Quan Liang and Muhammad Hadi.
Description: Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, [2019] | Includes
bibliographical references and index. |
Identifiers: LCCN 2018042188 (print) | LCCN 2018042497 (ebook) |
ISBN 9781351005685 (ePub) | ISBN 9781351005692 (Adobe PDF) |
ISBN 9781351005678 (Mobipocket) | ISBN 9781138543669 (hardback) |
ISBN 9781351005708 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Columns, Concrete. | Concrete-filled tubes. | Structural
analysis (Engineering) | Tubes, Steel.
Classification: LCC TA683.5.C7 (ebook) | LCC TA683.5.C7 P38 2019 (print) |
DDC 624.1/7725—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018042188
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
Contents
Preface ix
Acknowledgments xi
Authors xiii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Stainless steel grades 4
1.2.1 Austenitic stainless steels 4
1.2.2 Ferritic stainless steels 4
1.2.3 Martensitic stainless steels 5
1.2.4 Duplex stainless steels 5
1.2.5 Precipitation hardening stainless steels 6
1.3 Basic stress–strain behavior of stainless steels 6
1.4 Characteristics of CFSST columns 6
1.4.1 Concrete confinement in
circular CFSST columns 6
1.4.2 Local buckling of rectangular
CFSST columns 9
1.5 Conclusions 10
References 10
2 Nonlinear analysis of CFSST short columns 13
2.1 Introduction 13
2.2 Stress–strain relationships of carbon steels 15
2.3 Stress–strain relationships of stainless steels 16
2.3.1 Two-stage stress–strain model by Rasmussen 16
2.3.2 Two-stage stress–strain model
by Gardner and Nethercot 18
v
vi Contents
2.3.3 Three-stage stress–strain models by
Quach et al. and Abdella et al. 19
2.3.4 Stress–strain model by Tao and Rasmussen 23
2.4 Stress–strain relationships of concrete 24
2.4.1 Compressive concrete in
circular CFSST columns 24
2.4.2 Compressive concrete in
rectangular CFSST columns 27
2.4.3 Concrete in tension 29
2.5 Fiber element modeling 29
2.5.1 Discretization of cross-sections 29
2.5.2 Fiber strains 29
2.5.3 Axial force and bending moments 31
2.5.4 Initial local buckling of stainless steel tubes 32
2.5.5 Post-local buckling of stainless steel tubes 33
2.5.6 Modeling of progressive post-local buckling 35
2.6 Numerical analysis procedures 36
2.6.1 Axial load–strain analysis 36
2.6.2 Moment–curvature analysis 37
2.6.3 Axial load–moment interaction
strength analysis 38
2.6.4 Solution algorithms implementing
the secant method 38
2.7 Comparative studies 39
2.7.1 Validation of effective width models 39
2.7.2 Verification of the fiber element model 41
2.7.3 Comparisons of stress–strain
models for stainless steel 41
2.7.4 Comparison of CFST and CFSST columns 44
2.8 Behavior of CFSST short columns 45
2.8.1 Influences of depth-to-thickness ratio 45
2.8.2 Influences of concrete strength 47
2.8.3 Influences of stainless steel strength 47
2.8.4 Influences of local buckling 49
2.8.5 Influences of section shapes 50
2.9 Design of CFSST short columns 52
2.9.1 AISC 316-16 52
2.9.2 Eurocode 4 52
2.9.3 Design model by Patel et al. 53
2.10 Conclusions 54
References 56
Contents vii
3 Nonlinear analysis of circular CFSST slender columns 61
3.1 Introduction 61
3.2 Modeling of cross-sections 62
3.3 Modeling of load–deflection responses 63
3.3.1 Mathematical formulation 63
3.3.2 Computational procedure 66
3.4 Generating axial load–moment strength envelopes 67
3.4.1 Mathematical modeling 67
3.4.2 Modeling procedure for strength envelopes 68
3.5 Solution algorithms implementing Müller’s method 69
3.6 Accuracy of mathematical models 71
3.6.1 Concentrically loaded columns 71
3.6.2 Eccentrically loaded columns 72
3.7 Behavior of circular slender CFSST beam-columns 74
3.7.1 Effects of column slenderness ratio 74
3.7.2 Effects of load eccentricity ratio 76
3.7.3 Effects of diameter-to-thickness ratio 78
3.7.4 Effects of stainless steel proof stress 78
3.7.5 Effects of concrete compressive strength 80
3.7.6 Effects of concrete confinement 81
3.7.7 Load distribution in concrete
and stainless steel tubes 82
3.8 Design of circular slender CFSST columns 88
3.9 Conclusions 90
References 91
4 Nonlinear analysis of rectangular CFSST slender columns 95
4.1 Introduction 95
4.2 Formulation of cross-sections under biaxial bending 96
4.3 Simulating load–deflection responses for biaxial bending 97
4.3.1 General theory 97
4.3.2 Computer simulation procedure 99
4.4 Modeling strength envelopes for biaxial bending 100
4.4.1 Theoretical formulation 100
4.4.2 Numerical modeling procedure 101
4.5 Solution algorithms for columns under biaxial bending 103
4.6 Verification of theoretical models 103
4.6.1 Columns under axial loading 103
4.6.2 Beam-columns under axial load
and biaxial bending 104
viii Contents
4.7 Behavior of rectangular slender CFSST beam-columns 106
4.7.1 Ultimate axial strengths 107
4.7.2 Concrete contribution ratio 108
4.7.3 Pure moment capacities 109
4.7.4 Axial load–deflection responses 111
4.7.5 Local buckling 114
4.7.6 Applied load angles 115
4.7.7 Cross-sectional shapes 116
4.7.8 Column strength curves 118
4.8 Design of rectangular and square CFSST slender columns 119
4.8.1 Ultimate pure moments of square columns 119
4.8.2 Slender columns under axial compression 120
4.9 Conclusions 122
References 123
Notations 125
Index 131
Preface
Concrete-filled stainless steel tubular (CFSST) columns are increasingly
used in modern composite construction due to their distinguished features,
such as high strength, high ductility, aesthetic appearance, high corrosion
resistance, high durability, and ease of maintenance. Thin-walled CFSST
columns are characterized by the different strain-hardening behaviors of
stainless steel in tension and in compression, local buckling of stainless steel
tubes, and concrete confinement. The current design codes and existing
numerical models that do not account for these characteristics may either
overestimate or underestimate the ultimate strengths of CFSST columns.
This book is the first monograph on the nonlinear analysis, behavior,
and design of CFSST columns. It presents accurate and efficient computa-
tional models based on the fiber element method for predicting the behav-
ior of circular and rectangular CFSST short and slender columns under
axial load and biaxial bending. The effects of different strain-hardening
characteristics of stainless steel in tension and in compression, progressive
local buckling of rectangular stainless steel tubes, concrete confinement,
and geometric and material nonlinearities are taken into consideration in
the computational models. The mathematical models accurately simulate
the axial load–strain behavior, moment–curvature curves, axial load–
deflection responses, and axial load–moment strength interaction diagrams
of CFSST columns. This book describes the formulations of mathemati-
cal models, computational procedures, model verifications, behavior, and
design of circular and rectangular CFSST short and slender columns.
This book is written for practicing structural and civil engineers, aca-
demic researchers, and undergraduate and postgraduate students in civil
engineering who are interested in the latest computational technologies and
design methods for CFSST columns.
Chapter 1 introduces the composite construction of stainless steel and
concrete and the material properties of stainless steel grades. The nonlin-
ear analysis, behavior, and design of circular and rectangular CFSST short
columns under axial compression, combined axial load and bending. or
biaxial loads are presented in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 describes mathematical
models and modeling procedures for predicting the axial load–deflection
ix