Computer Technology for Textiles and Apparel (Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles)

385 Pages·2011·6.69 MB·English

by  J Hu

Computer technology for textiles and apparel
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011
The Textile Institute and Woodhead Publishing
The Textile Institute is a unique organisation in textiles, clothing and footwear.
Incorporated in England by a Royal Charter granted in 1925, the Institute has
individual and corporate members in over 90 countries. The aim of the Institute is
to facilitate learning, recognise achievement, reward excellence and disseminate
information within the global textiles, clothing and footwear industries.
Historically, The Textile Institute has published books of interest to its members
and the textile industry. To maintain this policy, the Institute has entered into part-
nership with Woodhead Publishing Limited to ensure that Institute members and
the textile industry continue to have access to high calibre titles on textile science
and technology.
Most Woodhead titles on textiles are now published in collaboration with The
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Board which advises Woodhead on appropriate titles for future publication and
suggests possible editors and authors for these books. Each book published under
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books.com.
A list of Woodhead books on textile science and technology, most of which have
been published in collaboration with The Textile Institute, can be found towards the
end of the contents pages.
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011
Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles: Number 121
Computer
technology for
textiles and apparel
Edited by
Jinlian Hu
Oxford Cambridge Philadelphia New Delhi
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011
Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited in association with The Textile Institute
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First published 2011, Woodhead Publishing Limited
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011
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ISBN 978-1-84569-729-7 (print)
ISBN 978-0-85709-360-8 (online)
ISSN 2042-0803 Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles (print)
ISSN 2042-0811 Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles (online)
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© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011
Contents
Contributor contact details xi
Woodhead Publishing Series in Textiles xv
Introduction xxiii
Part I Computer-based technology for textile materials 1
1 Digital technology for yarn structure and
appearance analysis 3
B. G. Xu, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,
Hong Kong
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Measurement of yarn evenness 4
1.3 Analysis of yarn hairiness 5
1.4 Measurement of yarn twist 9
1.5 Recognition of yarn snarl 11
1.6 Analysis of yarn blend 14
1.7 Grading of yarn appearance 16
1.8 Future trends 19
1.9 Conclusions 20
1.10 Acknowledgement 20
1.11 References 20
2 Digital-based technology for fabric structure analysis 23
B. Xin, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, China
and J. Hu, G. Baciu and X. Yu, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Hong Kong
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 Background and literature review 24
2.3 The digital system for weave pattern recognition 27
v
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011
vi Contents
2.4 Theoretical background for weave pattern analysis 29
2.5 Methodology for active grid model (AGM) construction
and weave pattern extraction 35
2.6 Conclusions 42
2.7 References 42
3 Computer vision-based fabric defect analysis and
measurement 45
A. Kumar, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,
Hong Kong
3.1 Introduction 45
3.2 Fabric inspection for quality assurance 46
3.3 Fabric defect detection methods 49
3.4 Fabric defect classifi cation 52
3.5 Fabric properties and color measurement using image
analysis 59
3.6 Conclusions and future trends 60
3.7 Acknowledgments 61
3.8 References 62
Part II Modelling and simulation of textiles and garments 67
4 Key techniques for 3D garment design 69
Y. Zhong, Donghua University, China
4.1 Introduction 69
4.2 Sketch-based garment design 70
4.3 Surface fl attening for virtual garments 73
4.4 Online garment-shopping system: problems and solutions 80
4.5 Challenges and future trends 90
4.6 Sources of further information 91
4.7 References 91
5 Modelling and simulation of fi brous yarn materials 93
X. Chen, University of Manchester, UK
5.1 Introduction 93
5.2 Modelling and simulation of yarns 94
5.3 Weave modelling 103
5.4 Geometrical modelling of woven fabrics 105
5.5 Finite element (FE) modelling of woven fabrics 113
5.6 Future development of textile modelling 119
5.7 Acknowledgements 120
5.8 References and further reading 120
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011
Contents vii
6 Digital technology and modeling for fabric structures 122
G. Baciu, E. Zheng and J. Hu, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Hong Kong
6.1 Introduction 122
6.2 Background on woven fabric structure 123
6.3 Fabric geometry structure models 124
6.4 Fabric weave pattern 126
6.5 Description and classifi cation of regular patterns 126
6.6 Description and classifi cation of irregular patterns 128
6.7 Weave pattern and fabric geometry surface
appearance 131
6.8 Experimental pattern analysis 131
6.9 Methodology 132
6.10 Results and discussion 135
6.11 Acknowledgment 144
6.12 References 144
7 Modeling ballistic impact on textile materials 146
M. S. Risby, National Defence University, Malaysia and
A. M. S. Hamouda, Qatar University, Qatar
7.1 Introduction 146
7.2 Computational aspects 150
7.3 Numerical modeling of single and multiple layer fabric 160
7.4 Conclusions 166
7.5 References and further reading 168
8 Modeling and simulation techniques for garments 173
S.-K. Wong, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
8.1 Introduction 173
8.2 Model development 174
8.3 Computer graphics techniques for garment structure
and appearance 178
8.4 Rendering of garment appearance and model
demonstration for garments 183
8.5 Considerations for real-time applications 188
8.6 Advanced modeling techniques 191
8.7 Future developments in simulating garment materials 192
8.8 Conclusions and sources of further information and
advice 193
8.9 References 195
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011
viii Contents
Part III Computer-based technology for apparel 201
9 Human interaction with computers and its use in the
textile apparel industry 203
G. Baciu and S. Liang, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Hong Kong
9.1 Introduction 203
9.2 Principles of human computer interaction (HCI) 204
9.3 Methods for improving human interaction with
computers for textile purposes 207
9.4 Future trends 211
9.5 Conclusions 217
9.6 Acknowledgment 217
9.7 References 217
10 3D body scanning: Generation Y body perception
and virtual visualization 219
M.-E. Faust, Philadelphia University, USA and
S. Carrier, University of Quebec at Montreal, Canada
10.1 Introduction 219
10.2 Literature review 221
10.3 Methodology 231
10.4 Results and fi ndings 233
10.5 Conclusions and recommendations 239
10.6 Limitations 239
10.7 Future studies 240
10.8 References 240
11 Computer technology from a textile designer’s
perspective 245
H. Ujiie, Philadelphia University, USA
11.1 Introduction 245
11.2 Role of computer technology in textile design 247
11.3 Main computer technologies in textile design 248
11.4 Benefi ts and limitations of computers for textile design 254
11.5 Future trends 256
11.6 Sources of further information and advice 257
11.7 References 257
12 Digital printing technology for textiles and apparel 259
D. J. Tyler, Manchester Metropolitan University, UK
12.1 Introduction 259
12.2 Review of digital printing technology 260
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011
Contents ix
12.3 Global developments in digital printing technology 263
12.4 Colour technology and colour management 266
12.5 Three stages of computing for digital printing 272
12.6 Future trends 277
12.7 Conclusions 279
12.8 Sources of further information and advice 279
12.9 Acknowledgements 280
12.10 References 280
13 Approaches to teaching computer-aided design
(CAD) to fashion and textiles students 283
P. C. L. Hui, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,
Hong Kong
13.1 Introduction 283
13.2 Review of approaches to teaching computer-aided
design (CAD) 283
13.3 Challenges presented by each approach 287
13.4 Case study 289
13.5 Areas for improvement in teaching computer-aided
design (CAD) 293
13.6 Conclusions 294
13.7 References 294
14 Three-dimensional (3D) technologies for apparel
and textile design 296
C. L. Istook, North Carolina State University, USA,
E. A. Newcomb, North Carolina Agricultural &
Technical State University, USA and H. Lim, Konkuk
University, South Korea
14.1 Introduction 296
14.2 Applications of three-dimensional (3D) human body
modeling 297
14.3 Technologies of human body modeling in
three-dimensions (3D) 299
14.4 Development of the body surface 304
14.5 Animation 308
14.6 Generic vs individualized body models 310
14.7 Virtual try-on technologies 313
14.8 Conclusions 319
14.9 References 320
© Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2011