Table Of ContentSeries Editors
w.
Hansmann
W T. Hewitt
W. Purgathofer
R. Boulic and G. Hegron (eds.)
Computer Animation and Simulation '96
Proceedings of the Eurographics Workshop
in Poitiers, France,
August 31-September 1, 1996
Eurographics
SpringerWienNewYork
Dr. Ronan Boulic
Computer Graphics Laboratory, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology,
Lausanne, Switzerland
Dr. Gerard Hegron
Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Nantes Cedex, France
This work is subject to copyright.
All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically
those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by
photocopying machines or similar means, and storage in data banks.
© 1996 Springer-Verlag/Wien
Typesetting: Camera ready by authors
Graphic design: Ecke Bonk
Printed on acid-free and chlorine-free bleached paper
With 152 partly coloured Figures
ISSN 0946-2767
ISBN-13: 978-3-211-82885-4 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-7091-7486-9
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-7091-7486-9
Preface
This volume contains research papers presented at the Seventh Eurographics
Workshop on Computer Animation and Simulation which took place at Poitiers,
France, August 31st-September 1st, 1996. In this preface we first outline the
workshop reviewing process. Then we describe the scope of the present venue and
show how the workshop WEB pages are useful even after the workshop. Finally we
wish to acknowledge all the persons who dedicated their precious time helping us
making 96 venue a success.
Process. This year's Call for Papers was publicized electronically more than ever
before. The workshop WWW home page received a sustained rate of visitors as links
and notifications were made at Eurographics'96, Eurographics Association, and at
public or private servers. Thirty one full papers have been submitted. Each submitted
paper has been reviewed by three members of the international program committee,
namely:
Bruno Amaldi (IRISA I INRIA Rennes, France)
Norman Badler (University of Pennsylvania, USA)
Michael Cohen (Microsoft, USA)
Sabine Coquillart (INRIA, France)
Marie-Paule Gascuel (iMAGIS-IMAG, France)
Pedro Lopes (INESC Multimedia Centre, Portugal)
Annie Luciani (ACROE-IMAG, France)
Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann (University of Geneva, Switzerland)
Kees van Overveld (Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands)
Demetri Terzopoulos (University of Toronto, Canada)
Daniel Thalmann (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Switzerland)
Michiel Van de Panne (University of Toronto, Canada)
David Zeltzer (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA)
Whenever necessary the senior reviewers have co-opted additional experts in the
reviewing process. We are grateful to the following for accepting this task:
Pascal Becheiraz (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Switzerland)
Pierre Beylot (University of Geneva, Switzerland)
Mathieu Desbrun (iMAGIS-IMAG, France)
Jean Loup Florens (ACROE-IMAG, France)
Manuel Noronha Gamito (INESC Multimedia Centre, Portugal)
Jean Marc Jot (INA,France)
Prem Kalra (University of Geneva, Switzerland)
Alexis Lamouret (University of Toronto, Canada)
Jean Louchet (INRIA, France)
Laurent Moccozet (University of Geneva, Switzerland)
Hansruedi Noser (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Switzerland)
Igor Pandzic (University of Geneva, Switzerland)
Marcia Riley (University of Geneva, Switzerland)
Jos Starn (INRIA, France)
VI
am
Based on the reviews, we selected fourteen papers for presentation at the workshop
invite the authors to prepare the final version for inclusion in this volume.
Scope. We are especially pleased with the scope, innovation and general quality of
EGCAS'96. Important contributions cover three major research streams of Computer
Animation and Simulation:
• Real-Time Animationfor 3D Interaction: in this rapidly growing field the need for
adaptive techniques is vital to ensure the animation at a minimum interactive
frame rate. Original techniques have been proposed to update the visibility map,
refine mass/Spring simulations and optimize the display of very large particle
systems. Real-Time Performance Animation have also been explored for human
motion capture.
• Fast and Intuitive Animation Design Methodology: One major problem in
animation design is the compromise an animator is faced with when required to
design a complex realistic motion. Simulation-based tools leave little room for
creativity while keyframe-based systems require considerable experience to produce
the illusion of reality (along with desired behavioral and emotional effect). Some
articles presented in the presented here address the problem of motion reusability
which includes motion database management and motion composition from desired
high level input. One very interesting approach introduces the concept of plausible
motion design.
• Simulation of Complex and Dynamic Scenes: the real world is complex but new
models and animation methods help to represent it in very efficient way as
demonstrated here for deformable objects, plants, fire, and even the human
anatomy.
The proposed methodologies, some with prototype implementations, bring solutions
to currently open issues and pave the way for the next generation of Animation
softwares.
WWW.This year for the first time a WEB site has been setup to diffuse information
about the workshop. As we discovered by the responses of contributors, the WEB is
now the second means by which potential authors get to know the existence of the
workshop (the first being the activity of program committee members and the
workshop notoriety). Another important reason for maintaining such a site after the
EGCAS'96 : providing links to authors pages and especially to the animation files
they cannot show on a printed media. So the 96 workshop site now gathers all the
WEB addresses mentioned in the articles under the keyword Animation(s). As links
may be a volatile information, the workshop site page is the best place to maintain
up-to-date information. We hope that our informal approach becomes more stable with
the help of the Eurographics association and the publisher. The workshop WEB
address is:
http://ligwww.epfl.ch/-boulic/egcas96/egcas96.htrnl
VII
Acknowledgments. The workshop mostly owes its high quality to the careful arxl
insightful work of all the reviewers. The local organizer, Michel Meriaux, of the
University of Poitiers notably contributed to provide a harmonious environment
including, among other strategic aspects, the two lunches. Our gratitude goes to the
Eurograpbics Association and to Werner Hansmann of University of Hamburg, to
Terry Hewitt of University of Manchester and especially to Werner Purgathofer of the
Technical University of Vienna, for their support in publishing the workshop as a
volume of the Springer-Verlag Eurograpbics Series. We thank Xaviar Pueyo of the
University of Girona and Carlo Vandoni from CERN for helping in publicizing the
workshop. We are grateful to Sabine Coquillart, of INRIA, for adding the workshop
WEB link to Eurographics'96 WEB page and to Ivan Herman of the Research Center
in Computer Science of Amsterdam, for the same precious update of Eurograpbics
Association WEB page. Last but not least, we wish to thank Srikanth Bandi of EPFL
for proof-reading this text.
We acknowledge financial support from the following funding agencies: Boulic was
supported by the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and the Swiss Foundation for
Research. Hegron was supported by I'Ecole des Mines de Nantes and the French
Ministry ofIndustry.
Ronan Boulic (Co-Chair) Gerard Hegron (Co-Chair)
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Ecole des Mines de Nantes
Lausanne, Switzerland Nantes, France
Contents
1. Adaptive Optimization Techniques
Incremental Update of the Visibility Map as Seen by a Moving Viewpoint in Two
Dimensions ................................................................................................. 3
S. Ghali, A.I. Stewart
Adaptive Sampling of Very Large Particle Systems Using an Incremental Self-
Organizing Feature Map: an Application in Molecular Dynamic .......................... 15
L. Balmelli
Adaptive Refinement for Mass/Spring Simulations ........................................... 31
D. Hutchinson, M. Preston, T. Hewitt
2. Animation of Deformable Objects
A Fire Model for 2-D Computer Animation .................................................... .49
I. Yu, I.W. Patterson
Smoothed Particles: a New Paradigm for Animating Highly Deformable Bodies ...... 61
M. Desbrun, M.P. Gascuel
3. Human Motion Capture and Simulation
A Real Time Anatomical Converter for Human Motion Capture .......................... 79
T. Molet, R. Boulic, D. Thalmann
A High Level Control Mechanism for Human Locomotion Based on Parametric
Frame Space Interpolation ............................................................................ 95
S. Guo, I. Roberge
Simulating Human Movements Using Optimal Control... ................................ 109
x. Zhao, D. Tolani, B.-Y. Ting, N.!. Badler
A Biomechanical Musculoskeletal Model of Human Upper Limb for Dynamic
Simulation ............................................................................................... 121
W. Maurel, D. Thalmann, P. Hoffmeyer, P. Beylot, P. Gingins, P. Kalra,
N. Magnenat Thalmann
x
4. Plant Development
Interactive Modelling and Animation of Branching Botanical Structures ............... 139
B. Lintermann, O. Deussen
An Efficient Estimation of Light in Simulation of Plant Development... ............. 153
B.Benes
5. Motion Control and Motion Management
A Planning Algorithm for Dynamic Motions ................................................. 169
P.S. Huang, M. van de Panne
Plausible Motion Simulation for Computer Animation .................................... 183
R. Barzel, J.F. Hughes, D.N. Wood
Motion Synthesis by Example ..................................................................... 199
A. Lamouret, M. van de Panne
Appendix: Colour Illustrations ........................................................... 213
1
Adaptive Optimization Techniques
