Computational Propaganda: Political Parties, Politicians, and Political Manipulation on Social Media

273 Pages·2018·16.59 MB·English

by  Philip N. Howard

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Computational Propaganda
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Oxford Studies in Digital Politics
Series Editor: Andrew Chadwick, Professor of Political Communication in the Centre
for Research in Communication and Culture and the Department of Social Sciences,
Loughborough University
Using Technology, Building Democracy: Taking Our Country Back: The Crafting of
Digital Campaigning and the Construction of Networked Politics from Howard Dean to
Citizenship Barack Obama
Jessica Baldwin-Philippi Daniel Kreiss
Expect Us: Online Communities and Political Media and Protest Logics in the Digital Era: The
Mobilization Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong
Jessica L. Beyer Francis L.F. Lee and Joseph M. Chan
If . . . Then: Algorithmic Power and Politics Bits and Atoms: Information and Communication
Taina Bucher Technology in Areas of Limited Statehood
Steven Livingston and Gregor Walter- Drop
The Hybrid Media System: Politics
and Power Digital Cities: The Internet and the Geography of
Andrew Chadwick Opportunity
Karen Mossberger, Caroline J. Tolbert, and
The Only Constant Is Change: Technology,
William W. Franko
Political Communication, and Innovation
Over Time Revolution Stalled: The Political Limits of the
Ben Epstein Internet in the Post- Soviet Sphere
Sarah Oates
Tweeting to Power: The Social Media Revolution
in American Politics Disruptive Power: The Crisis of the State in the
Jason Gainous and Kevin M. Wagner Digital Age
Taylor Owen
Risk and Hyperconnectivity: Media and
Memories of Neoliberalism Affective Publics: Sentiment, Technology, and Politics
Andrew Hoskins and John Tulloch Zizi Papacharissi
Democracy’s Fourth Wave?: Digital Media The Citizen Marketer: Promoting Political Opinion
and the Arab Spring in the Social Media Age
Philip N. Howard and Muzammil M. Hussain Joel Penney
The Digital Origins of Dictatorship and China’s Digital Nationalism
Democracy: Information Technology Florian Schneider
and Political Islam
Philip N. Howard Presidential Campaigning in the Internet Age
Jennifer Stromer- Galley
Analytic Activism: Digital Listening and the New
Political Strategy News on the Internet: Information and Citizenship
David Karpf in the 21st Century
David Tewksbury and Jason Rittenberg
The MoveOn Effect: The Unexpected
Transformation of American Political The Civic Organization and the Digital Citizen:
Advocacy Communicating Engagement in a Networked Age
David Karpf Chris Wells
Prototype Politics: Technology- Intensive Networked Publics and Digital Contention: The
Campaigning and the Data of Democracy Politics of Everyday Life in Tunisia
Daniel Kreiss Mohamed Zayani
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Computational
Propaganda
POLITICAL PARTIES, POLITICIANS, AND
POLITICAL MANIPULATION ON SOCIAL MEDIA
EDITED BY SAMUEL C. WOOLLEY AND PHILIP N. HOWARD
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1
Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers
the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education
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Press in the UK and certain other countries.
Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press
198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America.
© Samuel C. Woolley and Philip N. Howard 2019
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the
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CIP data is on file at the Library of Congress
ISBN 978– 0– 19– 093141– 4 (pbk.)
ISBN 978–0–19–093140–7 (hbk.)
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Paperback printed by Sheridan Books, Inc., United States of America
Hardback printed by Bridgeport National Bindery, Inc., United States of America
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Contents
Part I THEORETICAL INTRODUCTION AND
ANALYTICAL FRAME
Introduction: Computational Propaganda Worldwide 3
SAMUEL C. WOOLLEY AND PHILIP N. HOWARD
Part II COUNTRY- SPECIFIC CASE STUDIES
1. Russia: The Origins of Digital Misinformation 21
SERGEY SANOVICH
2. Ukraine: External Threats and Internal Challenges 41
MARIIA ZHDANOVA AND DARIYA ORLOVA
3. Canada: Building Bot Typologies 64
ELIZABETH DUBOIS AND FENWICK MCKELVEY
4. Poland: Unpacking the Ecosystem of Social Media Manipulation 86
ROBERT GORWA
5. Taiwan: Digital Democracy Meets Automated Autocracy 104
NICHOLAS J. MONACO
6. Brazil: Political Bot Intervention During Pivotal Events 128
DAN ARNAUDO
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7. Germany: A Cautionary Tale 153
LISA- MARIA N. NEUDERT
8. United States: Manufacturing Consensus Online 185
SAMUEL C. WOOLLEY AND DOUGLAS GUILBEAULT
9. China: An Alternative Model of a Widespread Practice 212
GILLIAN BOLSOVER
Part III CONCLUSIONS
Conclusion: Political Parties, Politicians, and Computational
Propaganda 241
SAMUEL C. WOOLLEY AND PHILIP N. HOWARD
Author Bios 249
Index 253
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Computational Propaganda
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Part I
THEORETICAL INTRODUCTION AND
ANALYTICAL FRAME