Computational analyses of high power microwave slotted array antennas for mobile applications

207 Pages·2017·11.64 MB·English

by  John Topolski

University of New Mexico
UNM Digital Repository
Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs Engineering ETDs
7-10-2007
Computational analyses of high power microwave
slotted array antennas for mobile applications
John Topolski
Follow this and additional works at:https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/ece_etds
Recommended Citation
Topolski, John. "Computational analyses of high power microwave slotted array antennas for mobile applications." (2007).
https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/ece_etds/252
This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Engineering ETDs at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in
Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact
[email protected].
Computational Analyses of High Power
Microwave Slotted Array Antennas for
Mobile Applications
by
John Andrew Topolski
B.S., Electrical Engineering, United States Naval Academy, 2005
THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree of
Master of Science
Electrical Engineering
The University of New Mexico
Albuquerque, New Mexico
May, 2007
(cid:13)c 2007, John Andrew Topolski
iii
Dedication
“Semper Fidelis” – U.S. Marine Corps Motto
iv
Acknowledgments
I owe a debt of gratitude to my faculty advisor, Dr. Scott Tyo, and my research
advisor, Dr. Kyle Hendricks for the support and encouragement they provided to
me the last two years. In addition, I must acknowledge CAPT Jeffry Heggemeier,
USAFR,Ph.D., for allowingme,in somesmallway, to contributeto thedevelopment
of technology supporting my fellow Marines.
v
Computational Analyses of High Power
Microwave Slotted Array Antennas for
Mobile Applications
by
John Andrew Topolski
ABSTRACT OF THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree of
Master of Science
Electrical Engineering
The University of New Mexico
Albuquerque, New Mexico
May, 2007
Computational Analyses of High Power
Microwave Slotted Array Antennas for
Mobile Applications
by
John Andrew Topolski
B.S., Electrical Engineering, United States Naval Academy, 2005
M.S., Electrical Engineering, University of New Mexico, 2007
Abstract
High efficiency, directive antennas are required for the application of high-power
microwave (HPM) technology. The focus of this thesis is on designing slotted-array
structuresthat includeboth feednetworksand radiating elements. Themethodology
is to use the High Frequency Structure Simulation (HFSS)1 software package, which
employsthe finite elementmethod (FEM). The chosen system configuration features
several phase-locked HPM sources with waveguide outputs, the feeding structure,
and the antenna. Special consideration is given to the possible integration onto a
ground-mobile platform. Both traveling-wave and resonant antennas are considered.
The array designs utilize WR-975 waveguide as the transmission structure for ease
of fabrication and repairability. Both corporate-feed and separate-feed networks are
simulated. The relevant slotted-array theory, design, and simulation are discussed.
The arrays are simulated from sub-array to full array and a design tree is presented.
1(cid:13)c Ansoft Corporation, 2006
vii
The goal is to further the understanding of computer-aided design simulation and to
provide a design tree that will be used to evaluate design alternatives appropriate
for particular HPM applications.
viii
Contents
List of Figures xii
Glossary xxviii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Problem Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Thesis Outline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Background of HPM System Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Introduction to Proposed Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2 Relevant Antenna Theory 22
2.1 Introduction to Slotted Array Antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.1.1 Traveling Leaky Wave Slotted Array Antennas: . . . . . . . . 22
2.1.2 Resonant Slotted Array Antennas: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2.2 Effective Radiated Power Equation (ERP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
2.3 RF Power Feeding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
ix
Contents
2.4 Antenna Gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
2.4.1 Single Element Gain of Slotted Arrays: . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
2.4.2 Gain of Pyramidal Horn Antennas: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.4.3 Array Factor: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.5 Slot Aperture Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.5.1 Babinet’s Principle: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.5.2 Shunt Slot Theory: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
2.5.3 Series Slot Theory: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
2.6 History of Slotted Array Antenna Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
2.7 Test Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
2.7.1 Dion’s Shunt Slot Experiment at X-Band: . . . . . . . . . . . 55
2.7.2 HFSS and Microwave Studio Series Slot Comparison in the
ISM Band (902MHz-928MHz): . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3 Feed Network Structures 67
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
3.2 Multi-Source Corporate Feed Network: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
3.3 Multi-Source Separate Feed Network: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
4 Antenna Designs 86
4.1 Pyramidal Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
4.2 Leaky Traveling Wave Antenna Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
x