Table Of Content-""
Government of India
BHABHA ATOMIC RESEARCH CENTRE
BARC Founder's Day Special Issue
October 2001
Issue No. 213
DEDICATED TO THE
MEMORY OF
Homj Jehangjr Bhabha
(J909 -1966)
Founder&Architectof
IndianAtomicEnergyProgramme
Editorial8tatf
CHIEF EDITOR BARC NEWSIJETTER
lliVijaiKum...
Founder's Day SpeciaUssue
MANAGING EDITOR
T.e.Balan
Computer Graphics &Layout
PAS. WaITi"
E.R.P...ka,,"
Small-AngleNeutronScatteringfromMicellarSolutions 1
V.K.Aswal
YaungFellowofIndianAcademyofSckncesfortheperiod
2000-2005
RadiationChemicalStudiesonBiologicallyImportant
MoleculesinModelSystems:RelevancetoBiology
andMedicine , 7
SoumyakantiAdhik"i
Internatioua/UnionofPureandAppliedChemistry(IUPAC)prize
for YoungChemist<
GeometricPhases,FoundationsandQuantumInformation
Theory 14
ArUllKum" Pati
ontheweb
i'f.S. Satyamurtby Award for Young Scientist<for theyear2000
UseofModulation Transfer Function inDetermination of
Focal Spot Dimensions 19
P,R.Vaidya
RonHalmshaw Awardfor being"" b'flpaper published inthe
journal INSIGHT (Nondestructive Teiting and Condition
Monitoring)intheyear2000
ANovel Naturally Occurring Prodigiosin Analogue with
Potential DNATargetting Property 27
Mahesh Subramanian and Ramesh Chander
BestPaper Prize intheInternational Conference on 'Natural
Antioxidant< and FreeRadicals inHuman Hcalth and Radiation
Avai"'bk at Biology' organized bySocietyfor FreeRadical Research (India/Asia)
URL,http,lIwww.ha=«neUn and International Societyfor FreeRad;'al Research (USA)
-_."'-"""" """"""-\"""\'"\"'~"'.\\\"""_\\""',.\\\""'"
CONTENTS
FluxeasndResidenceTimeofDifferentToxicandTraceElementsinThaneCreek 33
S.K.JhaoraI.
BestPaperAwardintheSecondInternationalSeminaron'AnalyticalTechniquesinMonitoringthe
Environment~DecemberIS-20,2000
EncapsulationC,haracterizatioanndCatalyticPropertiesofUranylIonsinMesoporous
MoleculaSrieves 39
K.Vidyaetal.
BestOralPresentationAwardbyaresearchscholarat15'NationalSymposium
onCatalysisandZ'"Indo-PacificCatalysisSymposium,January23-25,2001
MoleculaDrynamicaSlimulationsoftheHighPressureTransformationsinOl
Cristobalile-SiD, 46
NandiniGasgandSutindecM.Sharma
BestPosterAwardattheNationalConferenceon'ComputationalMaterialsScience
(NCCMSJ-2000:July27-29,2000
Biomedical Applications of CellElectroporation 52
S.H.SanghvietaI.
BestPosterPresentationAwardintheSectionofBiochemistry,BiopbysicsandMolecular
Biology, sf{' Indian ScienceCongress,New Delhi,January 3-7, 2001
DetectionofListeriaMonocytogeneisnFoods:ComparisonofColonyHybridizationTechnique
withConventionaMlethod 56
AnuKamatetaI.
3"BestPosterPaperPresentationAwardintheFirstInternationalConferenceon
'GlobalSustainable Biotech Congress2000 AD.:Nagpur,November26,2000-DecemberI,2000.
ModelingofDuctileFracturebyGursonModel 64
M.K.SasnaeltaI.
Oneofthebestpapersinthepostersessionin'NationalConferenceon
Computational Materials Science (NCCMS-2000J~July 27-29, 2000, organized by
MaterialsResearchSoeietyofIndia,MumbaiChapter.
PheromonesintheManagemenotfMajorLepidopterousandColeopterousPestsofCotton 77
A.J.Tamhankactt.aI.
"SelectedTitles"recommenoledbyaConsortiumfor International CropProteetion
formed bythe u.s. Department ofAgrieulture
EmissionfromChargeTransferStateofDye-SensitizeTdiO,Nanoparticle.:ANewApproachto
DeterminetheBackElectronTransferRateandVerificationofMarcusInvertedRegime 94
HirendraNathGhosh
Ani!KumarBoseMemorialAwardfortheyear 2000bytheIndianNationalScienceAeatlemy,
NewDelhi.
AutomationandControl:TechnologySpin-OIls 101
Y.S.Mayya
DAETechnicalExcellenceAwardfor theyear1999
DetenninaUoOnf3He"HeRaUoUsingDoubleFocusingMassSpectrometer 112
KA.jadhavet.1.
B"t Paperprize inff'ISMASSymposiumonMassSpectrometry,Demnber7-9,1999, IICT,
Hyderabnd
ICP-MS-ImprovementsinDetectionLimits ; 115
V.Natarajuet.1.
Second.&stPaperprizeintheff'ISMASSymposiumonMassSpectrometry,
Deumber7-9,1999, IIer, Hydn-abad.
FabricaUonofHighDensityTho"Tho,..Uo,andTho,-Puo,FuelPelletsfor
HeavyWaterReactors 120'
U.Basaket.1.
B"t PaperAwardintheAnnualConferenceofIndianNuclearSociety(INSAC.2oo0)on
"Powerfrom Tborium:Status,StrategiesandDirections'~BARC,Mumbai,June1-2,2000.
TRISUL- TheComputational ToolforStrategicPlanning ofThorium FuelCycles 124
V.jagannathan et.1.
BestPos~ Award attheAnnual Conference ofIndian Nuclear Society (INSAC-2000)
on "Powerfrom Thorium: Status, Strategies and Directions'; BARc, Mumbai, June 1-2,2000
EffectofDiluentontheTransportofAm(lII)fromNitricAcidMediumAcrossA
SupportedLiquidMembrane(SLM)UsingDimethylDibutylTetradecyl
Malonamide(DMDBTDMAa)stheCarrier 132
S.SriramandV.K.Manchanda
YoungScientistAwardfor theBe<[OralPmentationatthe19'Conferenceofthe
IndianCouncilofChe<nists(2000)
PositronAnnihilationStudiesonRadiationCrosslinkedPoly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
Hydrogel"s"""' """"""""""""""""""""""" 138
Anj.1iPandaet.1.
B"t PaperandPr"entation atTrombaySymposiumon'RAdiationandPhotochemistry
(TSRP-2000)~BARc,January 12-17,2000.
StudiesonVoltammetricDetenninationofGalliuminDiluteHydrochloricAcidat
GlassyCarbonElectrode 141
jayshreeKamatet.1.
B"t OralPr"entatismawardintheWorkshop-cum-Se<ninaorn'Electroaualytical
Che<nistrayndAliied Topics,EIAC20oo~ BARc,Nove<nber27toDece<nber1,2000
CONTENTS
DeterminationofUranium
ElectroanalyticalMetho~s , 143
N.Gopinath etaI.
BestPosterPresentation 41 -alChesnistry
andA1JiedTopks,EIAC
ThermallonisationMass$1
HighPerformanceLiquidC 147
N.M. Rautet al.
Bes. OralPresentation
Goa,Decesnber 12-16, 2,
AMethodologyforthe
byPromptGammaRay 154
YogeshScindiaetaI.
Small-Angle Neutron Scattering from
Micellar Solutions
V.K.Aswal
SolidSta"Phy>ie<Diyi,ion
Bh,bru.AwmkR"",ch Cen'"
Abstract
Micellarsolutions arethesuspemion oftheco!kJidolaggregateoflhesurfactant molecuks inaqueous
somtions.Thest"",ture (shapeandsize)andthenumherdensityoftbeseaggregates, referredtoasmicelks,
dependonthemoleculararchitectureofthesurfactant molecule,presenceofadoitives,andlhesolution
conditions,suchastemperatnre,concentrationetc.Wehavestndledthestructures ofvarietyofmicellar
somlions ofrecentinterestusingthetechniqueofsmall-angleneutronscattering (SANS)at/WIG.These
inckJdethemicellarsolutionsofconventionalsurfactants,mixedsurfactants,hwckcopolymers,andueuly
synthesizedgeminiondmulli-headedsurfactants.SANSisanidealtechniqufeorthestndyofmicellarsolulions
hecausecontrasthetweenthemicelkand thesoWentcanheeasilyvariedbydeateratingeitheroneofthem.
Introduction small-angle neutron scattering. SectionIII givesan
introductiontothemicellarsolutionandtheSANS
SCAITERINGPROVIDESAN IDEAL
resultsfromthemicellarsoltttionsaregiveninsection
for investigatingthe structure and the IV.
csofthematerialsatmicroscopicscale
lI]. Thisfieldconsistsofawholefamilyoftechniques Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
andsmall-angle neutron scattering (SANS)isoueof
these. Unlikeconventiomd diffraction experiments, SANS is a diffraetinn experiment, which invoives
wherethestructureofamaterialisexaminedatatomic scattering ofamonochromatic beatO ofneutrons from
resolution (-1A),SANSisused forstudyingthe the satOple and me-JSuring the scattered neutron
-
structure ofmaterialswithaspatialresolution of intensity asafunction ofthescattering angle (Fig. 1).
"-
100 A.That is,SANS covers alength scale ofparticular ,
interest to anumber ofapplied problems relating to -I
pboeelynmerssu,ccescsefurallmyics,nsebdiolotgoicadletermsyisnteemstheetc.shaSpAesNSahnads ~ nsmaO!o~,R. \\
sizes ofparticles dispersed inahomogeneous medium.
~'Lx--
Theparticle could beamacromolecule (e.g. biological
mproecleipcuitlaet,e opfolmymateerr,ial mAicinelleamaetrticx.) ofinanotahersoivmeantte,riala f"A""o"n"') ""-~"" ~-2-9-.--'--'I
B, a microvoidin certainmetalor a magnetic So".. X"'5X I
inhomogeneity inanon-magnetic matrix [2]. Wehave
uthseedsttrhuceturteeschniqofuevaorifetySANoSfamticBeAllRarCfosoriuitniovness.tigaTthinisg 2E9'O=.fOO'<N / IJoIm
/
article givesa brief surveyof the results of these
studies. The next section gives an introduction to the Fig} ScbematicdetaitsojSANSexjNri-t
The wave vector transfer Q(= 41tsinO/A., where A.is between theaveragescatteringlengthdensityofthe
the incide1tt neutron wavelength and 20 is the particleandtheaveragescattering lengthdensityofthe
scattering angle) in these experiments is small, solvent.ThistenDisreferredtoascontrastfactor.Itis
typicallyiutherangeof10'to1.0,\:'.Thewavelength equivalenttothecontrast tenDinopticswhereitis
ofneutronsusedfortheseexperimentsusuallybeing4 decidedbythedifferenceintherefractiveindicesofthe
- 10k. SincethesmallestQvaluesoccuratsmall particle and the solvent. Due to the fact that the
scattering angles (- n, the technique iscalledas scatteringlengthisnegative(=-0.3723x10"em)for
small-angleneutronscattering. hydrogenandpositive(= 0.6674x 10" em)for
deuterium,SANSisideallysuitedforstudyingthe
In SANSexperimentonemeasuresthe coherent structural aspectsofhydrogenousmaterials,such as
differential scattering cross-section (dLldQ) as a micellarsolutious. Thecontrast betweentheparticle
functionofwavevectortransfer Q.Fora systemof andthe solventcanbeeasilyenhanced deuterating
monodisperseparticles,itisgivenby eithertheparticleorthesolvent.
ddo'f.;(Q)=n(p, -P,YV'P(Q)S(Q) Fguigiduerhe2alslhoofDwhsamSvAarNeSadcitfofrraatcBtoAmReCt.eirnNsetaultlreodnabtetahme
fromtheguideismonochromatized bytheBeDfilter
wherenisthenumberdensityoftheparticles,P,and [3]. Theaveragewavelengthof the monochromated
Poare,respectively,thescattering lengthdensities of beamis5.2A. Thisbeampasses iluough twoslltsS,
the particle and the solvent, and Vis thevolumeof
(2emx3em) andSo(I emx1.5em) beforeitis
theparticle.p(Q) istheintraparticle structure factor incidentonthesample. DistancebetweenS,andS,is2
and isdecided bythe shapeandsizeoftheparticle.
S(Q) is theinterparticle structure factor, which mandthisgivesanangulardivergenceof:!:0.5'. The
angular distribution of neutrons scattered by the
depends onthespatialarrangement of particle,
sampleisrecorded usingaone-dimensional position
and is therebysensitivetointerparticle interactions.
sensitivedetector. Thesampletodetectordistanceis
In caseofdilute solutions,interparticle interference
effectsarenegligible,andS(Q)-I. 1.85m. The(JrangeofthediffrdCtometeris0.018-
0.30A' anditissuitableforsizesintherange10-
Scattered neutron intensityin the SANSexperiment 1501,.
depends on (p,-p,J' -thesquare of the difference
I
125em 200~'" 125(I'll
I
I
ElnATION
Fig.2AlayoutufSANSdiffiacloffWt"alDhrnwreactm'
2
Description:A Novel Naturally Occurring Prodigiosin Analogue with. Potential DNATargetting in dianw"" en"" fo, tbe ",,"bed l8usik. 'fJeeimen wltb 4mm. ",,'eb. ,adim rnoooo. llJ)0000. " ". .",u.~.. 0 and N.H.K. Murthy. Node" Ag,iwho" ,nd
