Complementary and alternative medicines in prostate cancer: a comprehensive approach

316 Pages·2017·5.03 MB·English

by  Harikumar

Complementary
and Alternative
Medicines in
Prostate Cancer
A Comprehensive Approach
Traditional Herbal Medicines for Modern Times
Each volume in this series provides academia, health sciences, and
the herbal medicines industry with in-depth coverage of the herbal
remedies for infectious diseases, certain medical conditions, or the
plant medicines of a particular country.
Series Editor: Dr. Roland Hardman
Volume 1
Shengmai San, edited by Kam-Ming Ko
Volume 2
Rasayana: Ayurvedic Herbs for Rejuvenation and Longevity, by H.S. Puri
Volume 3
Sho-Saiko-To: (Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang) Scientific Evaluation and Clinical Applications,
 by Yukio Ogihara and Masaki Aburada
Volume 4
Traditional Medicinal Plants and Malaria, edited by Merlin Willcox, Gerard Bodeker,
 and Philippe Rasoanaivo
Volume 5
Juzen-taiho-to (Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang): Scientific Evaluation and
 Clinical Applications, edited by Haruki Yamada and Ikuo Saiki
Volume 6
Traditional Medicines for Modern Times: Antidiabetic Plants,
edited by Amala Soumyanath
Volume 7
Bupleurum Species: Scientific Evaluation and Clinical Applications,
 edited by Sheng-Li Pan
Volume 8
Herbal Principles in Cosmetics: Properties and Mechanisms of Action,
 by Bruno Burlando, Luisella Verotta, Laura Cornara, and Elisa Bottini-Massa
Volume 9
Figs: The Genus Ficus,
 by Ephraim Philip Lansky and Helena Maaria Paavilainen
Volume 10
Phyllanthus Species: Scientific Evaluation and Medicinal Applications
 edited by Ramadasan Kuttan and K. B. Harikumar
Volume 11
Honey in Traditional and Modern Medicine, edited by Laïd Boukraâ
Volume 12
Caper: The Genus Capparis, Ephraim Philip Lansky, Helena Maaria Paavilainen,
and Shifra Lansky
Volume 13
Chamomile: Medicinal, Biochemical, and Agricultural Aspects, Moumita Das
Volume 14
Rhodiola rosea, Alain Cuerrier and Kwesi Ampong-Nyarko
Volume 15
Connecting Indian Wisdom and Western Science: Plant Usage for Nutrition and
Health, Luisella Verotta, Maria Pia Macchi, and Padma Venkatasubramanian
Volume 16
Medicinal Plants and Malaria: Applications, Trends, and Prospects, Woon-Chien
Teng, Ho Han Kiat, Rossarin Suwanarusk, and Hwee-Ling Koh
Volume 17
Australian Native Plants: Cultivation and Uses in the Health and Food Industries,
Yasmina Sultanbawa, Fazal Sultanbawa
Volume 18
Complementary and Alternative Medicines in Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive
Approach, K. B. Harikumar

Traditional Herbal Medicines for Modern Times
Complementary
and Alternative
Medicines in
Prostate Cancer
A Comprehensive Approach
edited by
K. B. Harikumar
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Version Date: 20160620
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Harikumar, K. B., editor.
Title: Complementary and alternative medicines in prostate cancer : a
comprehensive approach / [edited by] K.B. Harikumar.
Other titles: Traditional herbal medicines for modern times.
Description: Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2017. |
Series: Traditional herbal medicines for modern times
Identifiers: LCCN 2016027060| ISBN 9781498729871 (hardback : alk. paper) |
ISBN 9781498729888 (e-book)
Subjects: LCSH: Prostate--Cancer--Alternative treatment. | Alternative
medicine. | Materia medica, Vegetable.
Classification: LCC RC280.P7 C638 2017 | DDC 616.99/463--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016027060
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
Contents
Series Preface ....................................................................................................................................ix
Roland Hardman
Preface...............................................................................................................................................xi
K.B. Harikumar
About the Editor .............................................................................................................................xiii
Contributors .....................................................................................................................................xv
Chapter 1
Prostate Cancer: An Introduction ......................................................................................................1
Manendra Babu L., Yadu Vijayan, and K.B. Harikumar
Chapter 2
Global Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer ........................................................................................17
Girish Sharma, Apoorva Arora, and Sudhir Rawal
Chapter 3
Medicinal Plants with Anticancer Activity against Prostate Cancer: Compilation of Data
Published 2010–2015 .......................................................................................................................29
Roland Hardman
Chapter 4
Triterpenoids and Sesquiterpenoids for Prostate Cancer Therapy ..................................................93
Muthu K. Shanmugam, Frank Arfuso, Alan Prem Kumar, and Gautam Sethi
Chapter 5
Green Tea Polyphenols in the Prevention and Therapy of Prostate Cancer .................................111
Eswar Shankar, Jeniece Montellano, and Sanjay Gupta
Chapter 6
Plumbagin and Prostate Cancer Therapy .......................................................................................125
R.S. Reshma, Revathy Nadhan, and Priya Srinivas
Chapter 7
Neem and Prostate Cancer Therapy ..............................................................................................145
Krishna Vanaja Donkena and Charles Y.F. Young
Chapter 8
Kava in Prostate Cancer Prevention and Treatment ......................................................................161
Arman Walia, Nikta Rezakahn Khajeh, Michael Wu, Cyrus Khoyilar, and Xiaolin Zi
vii
viii CONTENTS
Chapter 9
Bitter Melon Extract and Prostate Cancer Therapy .......................................................................173
Ratna B. Ray and Sourav Bhattacharya
Chapter 10
Prostate Cancer and the Therapeutic Potential of Pomegranate ...................................................181
Omran Karmach and Manuela Martins- Green
Chapter 11
Zyfl amend and Prostate Cancer Therapy .......................................................................................197
Jay Whelan, Yi Zhao, E- Chu Huang, Amber MacDonald, and Dallas Donohoe
Chapter 12
Scientifi c Evaluation of the Polyphenol Rich Whole Food Supplement Pomi- T® .........................221
Robert Thomas
Chapter 13
Approach of Ayurveda to Prostate Cancer ....................................................................................237
Vaishali Kuchewar
Chapter 14
Siddha Medicine for Prostate Cancer ............................................................................................247
S. Selvarajan, T. Anandan, A. Rajendra Kumar, S. Syed Hissar, V. Gayathri Devi, and
Muthuirulappan Srinivasan
Chapter 15
Homeopathic Medicine for Prostate Health ..................................................................................269
Hakima Amri and Christopher Funes
Chapter 16
Yoga, Naturopathy, Acupuncture, and Prostate Cancer Therapy ...................................................281
Athira Thampy
Index ..............................................................................................................................................287
Series Preface
Global warming and global travel are contributing factors in the spread of infectious diseases
such as malaria, tuberculosis, hepatitis B and HIV. These are not well controlled by the present drug
regimes. Antibiotics are also failing because of bacterial resistance. Formerly less well-known tropi-
cal diseases are reaching new shores.
A whole range of illnesses, such as cancer, occur worldwide. Advances in molecular biology,
including methods of in vitro testing for a required medical activity, give new opportunities to draw
judiciously on the use and research of traditional herbal remedies from around the world. The re-
examining of the herbal medicines must be done in a multidisciplinary manner.
There have been 51 volumes published since the start of the book series Medicinal and Aromatic
Plants – Industrial Profi les in 1997. The series continues.
The same Series Editor, Dr Roland Hardman, is also covering a second series entitled Traditional
Herbal Medicines for Modern Times. Each volume of this series reports on the latest developments
and discusses key topics relevant to interdisciplinary health sciences, research by ethnobiologists,
taxonomists, conservationists, agronomists, chemists, pharmacologists, clinicians and toxicologists.
The series is relevant to all these scientists and enables them to guide business, government agencies
and commerce in the complexities of these matters. The background of the subject is outlined next.
Over many centuries, the safety and limitations of herbal medicines have been established by
their empirical use by the ‘healers’ who also took a holistic approach. The healers are aware of
the infrequent adverse effects and often know how to correct contraindications when they occur.
Consequently, and ideally, the preclinical and clinical studies of a herbal medicine need to be car-
ried out with the full cooperation of the traditional healer. The plant’s composition of the medicine,
the stage of the development of the plant material, when it is to be collected from the wild or from
its cultivation, its postharvest treatment, the preparation of the medicine, the dosage and frequency
and much other essential information is required. Consideration of the intellectual property rights
and appropriate models of benefi t sharing, may also be necessary.
Wherever the medicine is being prepared, the fi rst requirement is a well-documented refer-
ence collection of dried plant material. Such collections are encouraged by organizations including
the World Health Organization and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. The
Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew (United Kingdom) is now increasing its collection of traditional
Chinese dried plant material relevant to its purchase and use by those who sell or prescribe tradi-
tional Chinese medicine in the United Kingdom.
In any country, the control of the quality of raw plant material, of its effi cacy and of its safety in
use, is essential. The work requires sophisticated laboratory equipment and highly trained person-
nel. This kind of ‘control’ cannot be applied to the locally produced herbal medicines in the rural
areas of many countries, on which millions of people depend. Local traditional knowledge of the
healers has to suffi ce.
Conservation and protection of plant habitats are required and breeding for biological diver-
sity is important. Gene systems are being studied for medicinal exploitation. There can never be
too many seed conservation ‘banks’ to conserve genetic diversity. Unfortunately, such banks are
usually dominated by agricultural and horticultural crops, with little space for medicinal plants.
Developments, such as random amplifi ed polymorphic DNA, enable the genetic variability of a spe-
cies to be checked. This can be helpful in deciding whether specimens of close genetic similarity
warrant storage.
From ancient times, a great deal of information concerning diagnosis and the use of traditional
herbal medicines has been documented in the scripts of China, India and elsewhere. Today, modern
formulations of these medicines exist in the form of powders, granules, capsules and tablets. They are
prepared in various institutions, such as government hospitals in China and Korea and by companies
ix