Table Of ContentComparative Veterinary
Pharmacology,
Toxicology and Therapy
Comparative Veterinary
Pharmacology,
Toxicology and Therapy
Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the European Association for Veterinary
Pharmacology and Toxicology, August 25-29 1985, Ghent, Belgium
Parr II, Invited Lectures
Edited by
A.S.J.P.A.M. Van Miert
M.G. Bogaert and M. Oebackere
~ MTP PRESS LIMITED ~.
~ a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP "
LANCASTER / BOSTON / THE HAGUE / DORDRECHT
Published in the UK and Europe by
MTP Press Limited
Falcon House
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
European Association for Veterinary Pharmacology and
Toxicology. Congress (3rd: 1985: Ghent)
Comparative veterinary pharmacology, toxicology and
therapy: proceedings of the Third EAVPT Congress,
Ghent, Belgium, August 25-29, 1985.
Part 2: Invited lectures
1. Veterinary pharmacology-Europe 2. Veterinary
toxicology-Europe
I. Title II. Miert, A.S.J.PAM. van
III. Bogaert, M.G. IV. Debackere. M.
636.089'5'094 SF915
ISBN-13: 978-94-010-8343-0 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-4153-3
001: 10.1007/978-94-009-4153-3
Published in the USA by
MTP Press
A division of Kluwer Academic Publishers
101 Philip Drive
Norwell, MA 02061, USA
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
European Association Veterinary Pharmacology and
Toxicology. Congress (3rd: 1985: Ghent, Belgium)
Comparative veterinary pharmacology, toxicology, and
therapy.
Includes bibliographies.
Contents: -pt. 2. Invited lectures.
1.Veterinary pharmacology-Congresses. 2. Veterinary
toxicology-Congresses. 3. Animals-Diseases-
Chemotherapy-Congresses. I. Van Miert,
A. S. J. P. A. M. II. Bogaert, M. G., 1937-
III. Debackere, M., 1930- IV. Title.
SF915.E87 1985 636.089'51 86-19134
ISBN- I 3: 978-94-010-8343-0
Copyright © 1986
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1986
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise,
without prior permission from the publishers.
Contents
Preface xi
Contributors xiii
Welcome address
M. Debackere xxvii
Inaugural lecture:
Comparative pharmacology and toxicology
P. A. Janssen xxxi
ANAESTHESIA, NEUROLEPTANALGESIA AND SEDATION
Influence of halothane anaesthesia, after xylazine premedication,
on serum calcium concentration in the horse
F. Gasthuys, A. De Moor and C. Van Den Hende 3
2 Pharmacological properties of benzodiazepines in animals
W. F. Rehm and U. Schatzmann 13
3 Effects of halogenated inhalational anaesthetics on respiration in dogs
L. W. Hall 25
4 Analgesic activity of butorphanol in horses:
dosage titration and clinical studies
D. A. Gingerich. J. E. Rourke, P. W. Strom, L. L. Gordon
and M. Kalpravidh 33
v
vi COMPARATIVE VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY, TOXICOLOGY AND THERAPY
TEACHING VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY
5 Postgraduate training in the veterinary pharmacology
D. Droumev 47
6 The teaching of veterinary pharmacology and toxicology
J. D. Baggot 57
DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS AND BIOAVAILABILITY
7 Design and evaluation of studies on drug delivery systems
A. Van Peer and J. Heykants 69
8 Potential of new drug delivery systems in veterinary medicine
D. D. Breimer 75
9 Influence of injection site on the depot effect of procaine penicillin
in dogs
E. G. Flartman 85
10 Influence of food on absorption of antimicrobial drugs
A. D. J. Watson 93
SMOOTH MUSCLE PHARMACOLOGY
11 Pharmacology of the (fore}-stomach smooth muscles
L. A .A. Ooms, A. Weyns, A. Degryse and Y. Ruckebusch 107
12 Smooth muscle pharmacology of the large intestine
Y. Ruckebusch, T. Bardon, C. Cherbut, M. Pairet and J. P. Ferre 123
13 Recent advances in the pharmacological control of the intestinal
and colonic motor profiles
J. Fioramonti, L. Bueno and M. J. Fargeas 133
14 Cholinergic-like effect of the H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine
on the rabbit small intestine
G. Kounenis, M. Koutsoviti-Papadopou/ou and V. E/ezog/ou 143
COMPARATIVE PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES
15 Comparative pharmacokinetics: introductory remarks
M. G. Bogaert 155
16 Comparative neonatal pharmacokinetics
P. DeBacker 161
17 Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of sulphonamides
T. B. Vree, J. F. M. Nouws and Y. A. Hekster 173
18 Species differences in protein binding
F. Be/paire 187
CONTENTS vii
DRUG RESIDUE TOXICOLOGY
19 The target animal species in drug toxicity studies:
an evaluation of its usefulness and limitations
T. A. J. M. de Roij 199
20 The use of pharmacokinetics in chronic toxicity testing
H. G. Verschuuren and R. H. Reitz 209
21 The Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank (FARAD):
a computer databank of the pharmacokinetics of drugs. pesticides
and environmental chemicals in food animals
A. L. Craigmill. S. F. Sundlof and J. E. Riviere 225
INFLAMMATION AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
IMMUNOMODULATION
22 Modulation of autonomic receptor function by Haemophilus
influenzae in the respiratory system
F. P. Nijkamp. F. Engels and G. Folkerts 235
23 Impairment of pulmonary homeostatic and antimicrobial
defence mechanisms by infectious bovine rhinotracheitis
and parainfluenza-3 virus infections
P. 0. Ogunbiyi. P. D.Conlon and P. Eyre 245
24 The potential of biological response modifiers in the
treatment of malignancies in animals and man
E. J . Ruitenberg. W. H. de Jong. P. A. Steerenberg.
W. R. Klein and V. P. M. G. Rutten 253
25 Immunological defence mechanisms as a target for antibiotics
J. L. Grandel and W. B. Van Muiswinkel263
DRUG BIOTRANSFORMATION
26 Comparative aspects of drug conjugation in laboratory animals.
exotic species and man
J. Caldwell 285
27 Hepatic microsomes as models for comparative metabolism in vivo
C. H. Walker 295
28 Pharmacokinetics. hydroxylation and acetylation of sulphadimidine
in mammals. birds. fish. reptiles and molluscs
J. F. M. Nouws. T. B. Vree. H.J . Breukink. A. S. J. P. A. M. van Miert
and J. Grondel 301
29 Disposition and metabolism of 14C-mebendazole in sheep and poultry
P. Benard. v. Burgat-Sacaze. F. Massat and A. G. Rico 319
viii COMPARATIVE VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY, TOXICOLOGY AND THERAPY
DIARRHOEA
30 Modulation of intestinal ion absorption and secretion by
enterotoxins, hormones and neurotransmitters
H. R. de Jonge and A. B. Vaandrager 331
31 Species and age-dependent factors governing the clinical
severity of diarrhoea
R. A. Argenzio 345
32 Antidiarrhoeal therapy
L. A. A. Ooms and A. -D. Degryse 351
33 The effects of veterinary drugs based on humic acids in the
treatment of enteritis in young animals
S. Golbs, M. Kuehnert and V. Fuchs 365
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
34 Drug reactions leading to toxicity
A. DeRick 373
35 Clinical toxicology of an antibiotic ionoohore (monensin) in ponies
and horses; diagnostic markers and therapeutic considerations
J. F. Amend, R. L. Nichelson, L. R. Freeland, R. S. King,
F. M. Mallon and W. W. Stroup 381
36 Mycotpxins and mycotoxicoses in Europe
J. Leibetseder 391
PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MODELS IN PHARMACOLOGY,
MISCELLANEOUS
37 Role of animal disease models in evaluating the efficacy of
antimicrobial agents
T. E. Powers, K. J. Varma and J. D. Powers 401
38 Effects of disease states on drug binding to serum proteins
A. L. Aronson, S. A. Bai, J. E. Riviere and D. P. Aucoin 407
39 Tickborne fever: efficacy and effects on pharmacokinetics of
some chemotherapeutic agents in the goat
S. M. Anika, J. F. M. Nouws, T. B. Vree, C. T. M. Van Duin,
J. Nieuwenhuijs and A. S. J. P. A. M. van Miert 415
40 Statistical methods for evaluation of drug efficacy in animal models
J. D. Powers and T. E. Powers 427
41 Pharmacology of carbadox in the pig
L. P. Jager, E. J. van der Molen, G. J. de Graaf,
T. H. J. Spierenburg, M. J. A. Nabuurs and A. J. Baars 435
CONTENTS ix
OPIATES, OPIOIDS AND NEUROPEPTIDES
42 Opioid peptides and their receptors
R. A. Lefebvre 447
43 Endorphin systems, pain and addiction
J. M. vanRee 455
44 Opioid effects on gastrointestinal motor and secretory functions
Y. Ruckebusch and G. Soldani 467
45 Central nervous system control of feeding behaviour by some
neuropeptides in sheep
L. Bueno, C. Honde, A. Duranton and J. Fioramonti 477
DRUG USE AND REGULATION
46 The use in animals of drugs licensed for human use only
A. S. J. P. A. M. van Miert 489
47 The use in small animal medicine of drugs licensed for
human purposes
A. R. M. Kidd 501
48 The use in animals of drugs licensed for human use:
the situation in Sweden
K. Bingefors 513
49 Regulation of drug usage in veterinary medicine:
the situation in Germany
J. Fink 521
50 Do residues of antimicrobial drugs constitute a microbiological
risk for the consumer?
B. van Klingeren 527
Preface
The third congress ofthe European Association for Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicol-
ogy (EAVPT) was held in Ghent, Belgium, from 25 to 29 August 1985. Part I of the
Proceedings of this congress contains the abstracts of all invited lectures, oral communi-
cations and poster communications, presented at the congress. The invited lectures are
now published (this volume) in extenso as Part II of the Proceedings.
The editors wish to thank all invited speakers for their active contribution to the
success of the third congress of EAVPT. They are very grateful to Dr. P. De Backer for
compiling all manuscripts, Dr. P. Lees for scientific amendments, Miss B. Vermeesch
and Dr. R. Lefebvre for preparing the camera ready copy and MTP Press for literary
advice and publishing.
A. S. J. P. A. M. van Miert
M. G. Bogaert
M. Debackere
xi
Contributors
AMEND J.F.
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Atlantic Veterinary
College. University of Prince Edward Island. Charlotte-
town. P.E.I. CIA 4P3. Canada.
ANIKA S.M.
Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology.
University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Nigeria.
ARGENZIO R.A.
Department of Anatomy, Physiological Sciences. and Radio-
logy, School of Veterinary Medicine. North Carolina State
University. Raleigh, NC 27606. USA.
ARONSON A.L.
Clinical Pharmacology Unit. School of Veterinary Medicine.
North Carolina State University, Raleigh. North Carolina
27606. USA.
AUCOIN D.P.
The Animal Medical Center. 510 E 62nd Street. New York.
New York 10021. USA.
xiii
