Comparative Politics in a Globalizing World

372 Pages·2005·26.041 MB·English

by  Jeffrey Haynes

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Comparative Politics in
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Comparative Politics in
a Globalizing World
Jeffrey Haynes
Polity
NORTH DEVON COLLEGE
LIBRARY
Copyright © Jeffrey Haynes 2005
The right of Jeffrey Haynes to be identified as Author of this Work has been asserted in
accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
First published in 2005 by Polity Press
Polity Press
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Cambridge CB2 1UR, UK
Polity Press
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Malden, MA 02148, USA
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~ Contents
List of Tables
1X
List of Abbreviations
Introduction
—
Comparative Politics and Globalization
The Book’s Concerns and Structure
Analytically Important Aspects of Globalization
Conclusion
WO R
Part | Comparative Politics and Globalization:
Theory and Practice
1 Established Democracies 17
Characteristics 18
Political Institutions Linking Governments and Voters 20
Structures of Government 30
Conclusion 36
2 Transitional Democracies 38
Characteristics 38
Political Institutions Linking State and Society 41
Structures of Government 49
Conclusion 55
-3 Non-Democracies 56
Characteristics 56
Categories of Non-Democratic Regime and
_ their Chief Political Characteristics 57
Political Institutions Linking State and Society 60
Structures of Government 67
Conclusion 73
vi Contents
4 Methodologies and Globalization
Comparative Political Analysis: Approaches
Schools of Interpretation
The Impact of Globalization
Structured Contingency and Comparative Political Outcomes
Structured Contingency: Where Does Globalization Come In?
Conclusion
External Actors and Domestic Politics
Political Opportunity Structures
The Influence of External Actors on Domestic Politics
International Governmental Organizations (IGOs)
International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGOs)
Transnational Corporations (TNCs)
Conclusion 113
Part Il Comparative Politics and Globalization:
Issues and Processes
6 Regionalization
117
Regional Cooperation and Globalization 118
The New Regionalism Approach 119
The European Union 121
The North American Free Trade Agreement 130
Conclusion 136
Economic Globalization 138
Consequences of Economic Globalization 138
Theories of Economic Globalization 141
Established Democracies 145
Transitional Democracies 152
Non-Democracies 156
Conclusion 157
The Natural Environment 159
From Stockholm to Kyoto: 25 Years of Increasing Global ‘Green’
Awareness 159
Domestic Politics and Green Parties 161
Cross-Border Green Actors 163
Established Democracies bye
Transitional Democracies 176
Non-Democracies 178
Conclusion 180
Contents vii
a
Political Culture 181
Almond and Verba’s The Civic Culture 183
Criticisms of the Political Culture Approach to Political Analysis 185
Globalization and the Remaking of Political Culture 187
Case Studies: FRG, CEE, Mexico, and Malaysia and Singapore 191
Conclusion 199
10 Regime Change and Democratization 201
The Third Wave of Democracy 201
Domestic Factors 203
External Factors 206
Case Studies: South Africa, Indonesia and Russia 212
Conclusion 222
11 Political Violence and Terrorism 224
Political Violence and Domestic Politics 224
The Globalization of Political Violence 230
‘Failed States’ and International Terrorism 236
Conclusion 243
12 Religion 244
Religion and Politics in Historical Context 244
State—‘Church’ Relations 246
Political Involvement of Religion: Novelty or Persistence? 250
Religion and Globalization ay
Established Democracies 255
Transitional Democracies 258
261
Non-Democracies
Conclusion 264
13 Human Rights 265
What are ‘Human Rights’? 266
Cultural Relativity 268
Individualistic Conceptions 270
Collective Conceptions 270
The Internationalization of Human Rights? paris)
Case Studies: USA, Russia and China
Conclusion 285
14 Women and Political Participation 286
Gender and Comparative Politics 287
Female Representation in National Legislatures 288
viii Contents
Female Representation in Civil Society 292
Established Democracies fn B
Transitional Democracies Das
Non-Democracies 304
Conclusion 308
Conclusion 309
Globalization, Fragmentation and Comparative Political Analysis 313
References 320
Index 345