Combinatorial Game Theory

540 Pages·2013·13.18 MB·English

by  Aaron N. Siegel

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Combinatorial
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Aaron N. Siegel
Graduate Studies
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Combinatorial Game Theory

Combinatorial Game Theory
Aaron N. Siegel
Graduate Studies
in Mathematics
Volume 146
American Mathematical Society
Providence, Rhode Island
EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
David Cox (Chair)
Daniel S. Freed
Rafe Mazzeo
Gigliola Staffilani
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 91A46.
For additional information and updates on this book, visit
www.ams.org/bookpages/gsm-146
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Siegel, Aaron N., 1977-
Combinatorial game theory / Aaron N. Siegel.
pages cm. - (Graduate studies in mathematics ; volume 146)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8218-5190-6 (alk. paper)
1. Game theory. 2. Combinatorial analysis. I. Title.
QA269.S5735 2013
519.3-dc23
2012043675
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© 2013 by the American Mathematical Society. All rights reserved.
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except those granted to the United States Government.
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established to ensure permanence and durability.
Visit the AMS home page at http: //www. ams. org/
10987654321 181716151413
To Elwyn Berlekamp

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Figure. Various systems of numbers and games.

Contents
Preface
Chapter I. Combinatorial Games
1
Introduction
§1. 1
§2. HACKENBUSH: A Detailed Example 15
How to Read This Book
§3. 22
§4. A Survey of the Landscape 26
Chapter II. Short Games 53
The Group G
§1. 53
§2. Canonical Form 64
§3. Numbers 68
§4. Infinitesimals 82
§5. Temperature 101
§6. Reduced Canonical Form 123
§7. Atomic Weight 136
Chapter III. The Structure of G
153
Hereditary Structure
§1. 153
§2. Lattice Structure 159
§3. Group Structure 167
Chapter IV. Impartial Games 179
§1. Nim Values 179
§2. Heap Games 184
ix