Table Of ContentCombination Drug Delivery
Approach as an Effective
Therapy for Various
Diseases
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Combination Drug Delivery
Approach as an Effective
Therapy for Various Diseases
Edited by
PRASHANT KESHARWANI
Departmentof Pharmaceutics,Schoolof PharmaceuticalEducation
and Research,Jamia Hamdard (Deemedtobe University),
New Delhi, India
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Dedication
I would like to dedicate this book to my parents (Mr. Hariom Kesharwani and
Mrs. Anguri Kesharwani). Equally, the book is dedicated to the love and sacrifices
of my wife Garima, my kids Yashsavi and Vidvaan, and finally my mentor Professor
N.K. Jain for believing in me and always being there for me.
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Contents
Listofcontributors xv
Preface xxi
Acknowledgments xxiii
PART A Combination drug delivery approaches against
various diseases
1. Overcoming cancer drugresistance via nanomedicine-based
combineddrug delivery 3
IslamA.Hassanin,AhmedN.ShamaandAhmedO.Elzoghby
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Organicnanocarriers 4
1.2.1 Lipid-basedsystems 4
1.2.2 Protein-basednanocarriers 9
1.2.3 Polymericnanoparticles 12
1.3 Inorganicnanocarriers 14
1.3.1 Ironoxidenanoparticles 18
1.3.2 Quantumdots 20
1.3.3 Goldnanoparticles 20
1.3.4 Mesoporoussilicananoparticles 21
1.3.5 Carbon-basednanocarriers 22
1.4 Conclusion 23
References 23
2. Overcoming the challenges ofdrugresistance through combination
drugdelivery approach 31
HayrettinTonbul,AdemS¸ahinandYılmazÇapan
2.1 Introduction 31
2.2 Drugresistanceincancer 31
2.2.1 Intrinsicandacquireddrugresistance 32
2.2.2 Mechanismsofdrugresistance 33
2.2.3 Combinationaldrugdeliverysystemsincancerdrugresistance 34
2.2.4 Combinationaltherapiesviananoparticulatesystems 35
2.2.5 Conclusion 39
2.3 Combinationdrugdeliveryapproachtoovercomeantimicrobialresistance 39
vii
viii Contents
2.4 Conclusion 42
References 42
3. Combination drugdelivery approaches inophthalmology 47
ChristianJ.F.Bertens,MarliesGijs,JarnoE.J.Wolters,HennyJ.M.Beckersand
RudyM.M.A.Nuijts
3.1 Theeye 47
3.2 Theneedfornewophthalmictreatments 47
3.2.1 Increasingprevalenceofoculardiseases 48
3.2.2 Thedifficultyofdrugstoreachtheirintraoculartarget 49
3.2.3 Adverseoculareffectsoftopicallyadministereddrugs 51
3.3 Drug(cid:1)devicecombinationsinophthalmology 51
3.3.1 Drug(cid:1)devicecombinationsforglaucoma 52
3.3.2 Drug(cid:1)devicecombinationsforsurgeries 55
3.3.3 Drug(cid:1)devicecombinationsforocularinfectionsandinflammations 57
3.3.4 Drug(cid:1)devicecombinationsfordryeyedisease 58
3.4 Challengesandfutureperspectives 59
References 59
4. Combination drugdelivery system to enhancethe transdermal
drug delivery ofbioactive molecules 65
RaqueldeMeloBarbosa,AmandaCano,AleksandraZielińska,ClassiusFerreiradaSilva,
PatríciaSeverinoandElianaB.Souto
4.1 Introduction 65
4.2 Physiologicalskinrowversuspercutaneouspermeationofbioactivemolecules 66
4.3 Strategiesusedtoenhancetransdermaltransport 69
4.4 Physicalparametersofpermeabilityoflipidvesicles 73
4.5 Conclusions 76
Acknowledgments 76
References 76
5. Combination drugdelivery approaches inrheumatoid arthritis 81
VanshikhaSingh,AfsanaSheikh,HarishRajak,SushamaTalegaonkar,HinnaHamid,
MohammadSarwarAlamandPrashantKesharwani
5.1 Introduction 81
5.1.1 Drugsforconventionaltherapy 83
5.2 Nanoparticlesforrheumatoidarthritistherapy 83
5.3 siRNAandmiRNAforrheumatoidarthritistherapy 87
5.4 Combinatorytherapyforgeneanddrugdelivery 91
5.4.1 Liposome-basedhybridnanocarrier 91
Contents ix
5.4.2 Polymericmicelle 93
5.4.3 Nanoparticleloadedhydrogel 94
5.4.4 Microspheres 94
5.4.5 Lipidnanoparticles 95
5.4.6 Dendrimernanoparticlecomplex 96
5.5 Challengesandfutureperspectives 97
5.6 Conclusion 99
Disclosures 99
Acknowledgments 100
References 100
6. Aptamer-mediated drug delivery system for cardiovascular diseases 107
PrabirKumarKulabhusan,JaisonJeevanandam,CalebAcquahandMichaelK.Danquah
6.1 Introduction 107
6.2 Conventionaldrugdeliverysystemsforcardiovasculardiseases 108
6.2.1 Extracellularvesicles 108
6.2.2 Polymers 110
6.2.3 Ultrasound-mediateddrugdeliverysystem 113
6.3 Aptamericdrugdeliverysystemsforcardiovasculardiseases 117
6.3.1 Liposomes 117
6.3.2 Micelles 119
6.3.3 Dendrimers 119
6.3.4 Othernanoparticles 120
6.4 Futureperspective 120
6.5 Conclusion 121
References 121
7. Combination drug delivery approaches for viral infections 129
GowthamKenguva,SmrutiRekhaRout,RaviBandaru,RambabuDandela,
AmirhosseinSahebkarandPrashantKesharwani
7.1 Introduction 129
7.2 Combinationdrugtherapytocountervariousviralinfections 131
7.2.1 Respiratoryviralinfection 132
7.2.2 Viralskininfections 135
7.2.3 Viralfoodpoisoning 138
7.2.4 Viralinfectionsandsexuallytransmittedinfections 139
7.3 Approachandscopeofimprovementofcombinationdrugtherapytotreatviral
infections 141
7.4 Conclusionandfutureperspective 142
