Table Of ContentCOLOR DOPPLER FLOW IMAGING
AND OTHER ADVANCES IN DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
DEVELOPMENTS IN
CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
Recent volumes
Hanrath P, Bleifeld W, Souquet, J. eds: Cardiovascular diagnosis by ultrasound. Transesophageal, computerized,
contrast, Doppler echocardiography. 1982. ISBN 90-247-2692-1.
Roelandt J, ed: The practice of M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography. 1983. ISBN 90-247-2745-6.
Meyer J, Schweizer P, Erbel R, eds: Advances in noninvasive cardiology. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-576-8.
Morganroth J, Moore EN, eds: Sudden cardiac death and congestive heart failure: Diagnosis and treatment. 1983.
ISBN 0-89838-580-6.
Perry HM, ed: Lifelong management of hypertension. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-582-2.
Jaffe EA, ed: Biology of endothelial cells. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-587-3.
Surawicz B, Reddy CP, Prystowsky EN, eds: Tachycardias. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-588-1.
Spencer MP, ed: Cardiac Doppler diagnosis. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-591-1.
Villarreal H, Sambhi MP, eds: Topics in pathophysiology of hypertension. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-595-4.
Messerli FH, ed: Cardiovascular disease in the elderly. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-596-2.
Simoons ML, Reiber JHC, eds: Nuclear imaging in clinical cardiology. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-599-7.
Ter Keurs HEDJ, Schipperheyn 11, eds: Cardiac left ventricular hypertrophy. 1983. ISBN 0-89838-612-8.
Sperelakis N, ed: Physiology and pathophysiology of the heart. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-615-2.
Messerli FH, ed: Kidney in essential hypertension. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-616-0.
Sambhi MP, ed: Fundamental fault in hypertension. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-638-1.
Marchesi C, ed: Ambulatory monitoring: Cardiovascular system and allied applications. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-642-X.
Kupper W, MacAlpin RN, Bleifeld W, eds: Coronary tone in ischemic heart disease. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-646-2.
Sperelakis N, Caulfield JB, eds: Calcium antagonists: Mechanisms of action on cardiac muscle and vascular smooth
muscle. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-655-1.
Godfraind T, Herman AS, Wellens D, eds: Calcium entry blockers in cardiovascular and cerebral dysfunctions. 1984.
ISBN 0-89838-658-6.
Morganroth J, Moore EN, eds: Interventions in the acute phase of myocardial infarction. 1984. ISBN 0-89838-659-4.
Abel FL, Newman WH, eds: Functional aspects of the normal, hypertrophied, and failing heart. 1984.
ISBN 0-89838-665-9.
Sideman S, Beyar R, eds: Simulation and imaging of the cardiac system. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-687-X.
Van der Wall E, Lie KI, eds: Recent views on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-694-2.
Beamish RE, Singal PK, Dhalla NS, eds: Stress and heart disease. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-709-4.
Beamish RE, Panagio V, Dhalla NS, eds: Pathogenesis of stress-induced heart disease. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-710-8.
Morganroth J, Moore EN, eds: Cardiac arrhythmias. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-716-7.
Mathes E, ed: Secondary prevention in coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. 1985.
ISBN 0-89838-736-1.
Lowell Stone H, Weglicki WB, eds: Pathology of cardiovascular injury. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-743-4.
Meyer J, Erbel R, Rupprecht HJ, eds: Improvement of myocardial-perfusion. 1985. ISBN 0-89838-748-5.
Reiber JHC, SerruY3 PW, Slager CJ: Quantitative coronary and left ventricular cineangiography.
1986. ISBN 0-89838-760-4.
Fagard RH, Bekaert IE, eds: Sports cardiology. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-782-5.
Reiber JHC, Serruys PW, eds: State of the art in quantitative coronary arteriography. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-804-X.
Roelandt J, ed: Color Doppler Flow Imaging. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-806-6.
Van der Wall EE, ed: Noninvasive imaging of cardiac metabolism. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-812-0.
Liebman J, Plonsey R, Rudy Y, eds: Pediatric and fundamental electrocardiography. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-815-5.
Hilger HH, Hombach V, Rashkind WJ, eds: Invasive cardiovascular therapy. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-8\8-X
Serruys PW, Meester GT, eds: Coronary angioplasty: a controlled model for ischemia. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-819-8.
Tooke JE, Smaje LH: Clinical investigation of the microcirculation. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-819-8.
Van Dam RTh, Van Oosterom A, eds: Electrocardiographic body surface mapping. 1986. ISBN 0-89838-834-1.
Spencer MP, ed: Ultrasonic diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-836-8.
Legato MJ, ed: The stressed heart. 1987. ISBN 0-89838-849-X.
COLOR DOPPLER FLOW IMAGING
and other advances
in Doppler echocardiography
edited by
1. ROELANDT, MD
Thoraxcenter, Academic Hospital Dijkzigt
Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
1986 MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS
a member of the KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP
DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LANCASTER
Distributors
for the United States and Canada: Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 358,
Accord Station, Hingham, MA 02018-0358, USA
for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, MTP Press Limited,
Falcon House, Queen Square, Lancaster LA1 1RN, UK
for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Distribution Center,
P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Color Doppler flow imaging and other advances in
Doppler echocardiography.
(Developments in cardiovascular medicine ; v.
Includes index.
1. Ultrasonic cardiography. 2. Heart--Diseases-
Diagnosis. 3. Doppler effect. I. Roelandt, J05.
II. Series.
RC683.5.U5C654 1986 616.1 '207543 86-8647
ISBN-13: 978-94-010-8403-1 e-ISBN- 13: 978-94-009-4283-7
DOl: 10.1 007/978-94-009-4283-7
Copyright
© 1986 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1986
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of
the publishers,
Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, P.O. Box 163, 3300 AD Dordrecht,
The Netherlands.
v
Preface
The introduction of quantitative Doppler echocardiography gave rise to explo
sive interest in the application of this method in clinical cardiology. However,
before cardiologists could fully validate its clinical utility, they were confronted
with a further development, namely color-coded Doppler flow imaging. This new
technique allows a comprehensive study of the direction, velocity, uniformity and
timing of intracardiac blood flow, while simultaneously revealing cardiac struc
tures and their movement. 'Color Doppler' facilitates the diagnosis of a variety of
cardiac conditions, and an overwhelming amount of information is available at
any instant. Interpretation of these fascinating images requires a substantial
experience and theoretical background. This monograph updates the application
of color Doppler to both congenital and acquired heart disease. The work
comprises 15 chapters written by authorities in the field, each of whom presents
his most recent experience in the field. In addition, further advantages in the
clinical use of pulsed and continuous wave Doppler in pediatric and adult cardiol
ogy are presented.
This book contains, of course, many color plates.
1. Roelandt, M.D.
VII
Contents
Preface V
List of contributors IX
1. Technical aspects and physical principles revisited
Structure and performances of mono- and bidimensional pulsed Doppler
systems 3
P. Peronneau, B. Diebold, J.P. Guglielmi, O. Lanusel, R. Bele,
J. Souquet
Estimation of transvalvular pressure drops hy Doppler
echocardiography: the Bernoulli equation revisited 19
H. Rijsterborgh, 1. Roelandt
Factors influencing fluid velocity measurements in valvular regurgitation 29
B. Wranne, P. Ask, D. Loyd
Computer-aided analysis of Doppler echocardiograms 39
S.G. van der Borden, J. Roelandt, H. Rijsterborgh
II. Color-coded Doppler flow imaging
Two years clinical experience with color-coded real-time two
dimensional Doppler cardiography 53
R. Omoto, S. Kyo, S. Takamoto, M. Matsumura, Y. Yokote,
K. Namekawa, C. Kasai, Y. Yoshikawa, A. Koyano
VIII
Two-dimensional Doppler flow mapping in adult cardiology: advantages
and limitations 69
P.G. Yock, I. Schnittger, R.L. Popp
Color flow imaging and conventional two-dimensional pulsed Doppler
echocardiography: selected observations and experience 83
J. G. Stevenson
Does color flow mapping Doppler echocardiography allow the
catheterization laboratory to be bypassed in surgery of congenital
heart disease? 107
S. Kyo, S. Takamoto, E. Takanawa, M. Matsumura, Y. Yokote,
R. Omoto
Color-coded Doppler flow imaging: a major advance for non-invasive
cardiology? 123
J. Roelandt, W.B. Vletter, H. Rijsterborgh, W.J. Gussenhoven
Ill. Clinical advances in Doppler echocardiography
Impact of Doppler cardiography on clinical management in adult
cardiology 143
T. Skjaerpe
Limitations of Doppler measurement of volume flow in adults with
aortic stenosis 155
C.M. Otto, A.S. Pearlman, K.A. Comess, A.K. Saal, c.L. Janko,
R.R. Reamer
Doppler echocardiographic assessment of normal and malfunctioning
mitral valve prostheses 169
K. Dennig, W. Rudolph
The impact of Doppler in pediatric cardiology 183
G.R. Sutherland, F.J. Soul
Assessment of the clinical value of continuous wave Doppler ultrasound
in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease 207
A.B. Houston, I.A. Simpson, C.D. Sheldon
Index of subjects 219
IX
Contributors
S.G. van der Borden, M.D.
Thorax Center, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738,3000 DR
Rotterdam, and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute, Utrecht, The
Netherlands
Co-authors: J. Roelandt, H. Rijsterborgh
K. Dennig, M.D.
German Heart Center, Lothstrasse 11, D-8000 Miinchen, F.R.G.
Co-author: W. Rudolph
A.B. Houston, M.D.
Department of Cardiology and University Department of Child Health,
Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Yorkhill, Glasgow 038 5J, United
Kingdom
Co-authors: I.A. Simpson, C.D. Sheldon
S. Kyo, M.D.
Department of Surgery, Saitama Medical School, 38 Moroyama-machi,
Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-04, Japan
Co-authors: S. Takamoto, E. Takanawa, M. Matsumura, Y. Yokote,
R. Omoto
R. Omoto, M.D.
Department of Surgery, Saitama Medical School, 38 Moroyama-machi,
Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-04, Japan
Co-authors: S. Kyo, S. Takamoto, M. Matsumura, Y. Yokote; from Aloka
Co., Mitaka-shi, Tokyo 181: K. Namekawa, C. Kasai, Y. Yoshikawa,
A. Koyano
x
C.M. Otto, M.D.
University of Washington, Division of Cardiology and Center for
Bioengineering, Seattle, W A 98195, U.S.A.
Co-authors: A.S. Pearlman, K.A. Comess, A.K. Saal, c.L. Janko,
R.R. Reamer
P. Peronneau, M.D.
Clinique Cardiologique, Unite INSERM 256, H6pital Broussais, 96 Rue
Didot, 75674 Paris Cedex 14, France
Co-authors: B. Diebold, J.P. Guglielmi; from CGR-Ultrasonic, Meaux,
France: O. Lanusel, R. Bele, J. Souquet
J. Roelandt, M.D.
Thorax Center, Erasmus University, P.O. Box 1738,3000 DR Rotterdam,
and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Co-authors: W.B. Vletter, H. Rijsterborgh, W.J. Gussenhoven
H. Rijsterborgh, M.D.
Thorax Center, Erasmus University, P.O. Box 1738,3000 DR Rotterdam,
and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Co-author: J. Roelandt
T. Skjaerpe, M.D.
Section of Cardiology, Regional Hospital, N-7000 Trondheim, Norway
J.G. Stevenson, M.D.
Children's Hospital, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington
School of Medicine, P.O. Box C-5371, Seattle, WA 98105, U.S.A.
G.R. Sutherland, M.D.
Wessex Cardiothoracic Centre, Department of Pediatric Cardiology,
Southampton General Hospital, Shirley, Southampton SP09 4XY, United
Kingdom
Co-author: FJ. Soul
B. Wranne, M.D.
Department of Clinical Physiology, University Hospital, Regionsjuhhuset
S-581 85 Linkoping, Sweden
Co-authors from Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Applied
Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics: P. Ask, D. Loyd
XI
P.G. Yock, M.D.
Stanford University School of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Stanford,
CA 94305, U.S.A.
Co-authors: I. Schnittger, R.L. Popp
