Table Of ContentCLINICAL REVIEW
of ORAL
and MAXILLOFACIAL
SURGERY
CLINICAL REVIEW
of ORAL
and MAXILLOFACIAL
SURGERY
A CASE-BASED APPROACH
SHAHROKH C. BAGHERI, DMD, MD, FACS, FICD
Chief, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Department of Surgery, Northside Hospital
Georgia Oral and Facial Surgery, and Eastern Surgical
Associates and Consultants
Atlanta, Georgia
Clinical Associate Professor
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Georgia Health Sciences University
Augusta, Georgia
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine
Emory University
Atlanta, Georgia
Adjunct Assistant Professor of Surgery
School of Medicine, University of Miami
Miami, Florida
SECOND EDITION
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CLINICAL REVIEW OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY: ISBN: 978-0-323-17126-7
A CASE-BASED APPROACH SECOND EDITION
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Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may
become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating
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parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check the most
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Previous edition copyrighted 2008
ISBN: 978-0-323-17126-7
Vice President and Publisher: Linda Duncan
Executive Content Strategist: Kathy Falk
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Printed in China
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This book is dedicated to…
….all students, residents, and fellows in oral and maxillofa-
cial surgery in all corners of the world, and a tribute to their
commitment to improve upon the lives of others despite the
many challenges that lie ahead.
….my wife, Nooshin, and to my children, Shaheen and Bijan,
whose future is the spark behind this work. My parents, Parviz
and Ladan, and my brother, Homayoun, all of whom brighten
and bring joy to my day. It is because of them that I was able
to complete this project.
….to my prior mentors and friends who have influenced
and molded my surgical career. Dr. Robert A. Bays,
Dr. Sam E. Farish, Dr. Eric J. Dierks, Dr. Bryce E. Potter,
Dr. R. Bryan Bell, Dr. Leon Assael, and Dr. Roger A. Meyer.
And to my great friend, Dr. Husain Ali Khan.
Acknowledgments
This book would not have been possible without the support
and hard work of the many contributors that gave their time
and expertise. It is them who make this book possible.
Special thanks to Dr. Chris Jo, whose help as co-editor and
author was instrumental in completion of the first and second
editions of this text.
The production of this book would not have been possible
without the efficient and enthusiastic team at Elsevier. Special
thanks to Ms. Courtney Sprehe, Ms. Kathy Falk, and Mr. Rich
Barber.
CHAPTER EDITORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
CHAPTER EDITORS Neil Agnihotri, DMD, MD
Private Practice
Deepak Kademani, DMD, MD, FACS
Virginia Oral and Facial Surgery
Associate Professor and Fellowship Director
Richmond, Virginia
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
University of Minnesota
Saif Al-Bustani, MD, DMD
Chief of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Resident
North Memorial Medical Center
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Medicine
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Martin B. Steed, DDS
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Associate Professor and Residency Program Director
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of
John M. Allen, DMD
Surgery
Private Practice, Pomona Valley Oral and Maxillofacial
Emory University
Surgery
Atlanta, Georgia
Pomona, California
Medical Attending Staff, OMS USC University Hospital
Husain Ali Khan, DMD, MD
Clinical Attending Staff, Los Angeles County/USC Medical
Georgia Oral and Facial Surgery, and Eastern Surgical
Center
Associates and Consultants
Clinical Attending Staff, USC School of Dentistry
Attending Surgeon
Los Angeles, California
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of
Surgery
Bruce W. Anderson, DDS
Northside Hospital
Private Practice, South OMS
Atlanta, Georgia
Peachtree City, Georgia
Clinical Associate Professor
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Leon A. Assael, DMD
Medical College of Georgia
Dean, School of Dentistry
Augusta, Georgia
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Roger A. Meyer, MD, DDS, MS, FACS
Director,Maxillofacial Consultations, Ltd.
Robert S. Attia, DMD
Greensboro, Georgia
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of
Department of Surgery, Northside Hospital
Surgery
Atlanta, Georgia
School of Medicine
Clinical Assistant Professor
Emory University
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Atlanta, Georgia
Georgia Health Science University
Augusta, Georgia
Shahid R. Aziz, MD, DMD, FACS
Private Practice, Georgia Oral and Facial Surgery
Associate Professor
Marietta, Georgia
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
New Jersey Dental School
CONTRIBUTORS Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery
New Jersey Medical School
Nathan G. Adams, DMD, MD
University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey
Private Practice, Oral and Facial Reconstructive Surgeons
Newark, New Jersey
of Utah
Salt Lake City, Utah
vi
Chapter Editors and Contributors vii
Shahrokh C. Bagheri, DMD, MD, FACS, FICD Tuan G. Bui, MD, DMD
Chief, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Private Practice, Head and Neck Surgical Associates
Department of Surgery, Northside Hospital Attending Surgeon, Oral, Head, and Neck Cancer Program
Georgia Oral and Facial Surgery, and Eastern Surgical Providence Cancer Center
Associates and Consultants Attending Surgeon, Trauma Service/Oral and Maxillofacial
Atlanta, Georgia Surgery Service
Clinical Associate Professor Legacy Emanuel Medical Center
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Affiliate Assistant Professor
Georgia Health Sciences University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Augusta, Georgia Oregon Health and Science University
Clinical Assistant Professor Portland, Oregon
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine
Emory University Allen Cheng, DDS, MD
Atlanta, Georgia Fellow, Head and Neck Oncology and Microvascular
Adjunct Assistant Professor of Surgery Reconstructive Surgery
School of Medicine, University of Miami Legacy Emanuel Medical Center and Providence Cancer
Miami, Florida Center
Portland, Oregon
Michael L. Beckley, DDS
Clinical Assistant Professor Sung Hee Cho, MD, DDS
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Head and Neck Oncologic Fellow
School of Dentistry Department of Otolaryngology
University of the Pacific School of Medicine
San Francisco, California Emory University
Atlanta, Georgia
R. Bryan Bell, MD, DDS, FACS
Medical Director, Oral, Head, and Neck Cancer Program Danielle M. Cunningham, DDS
and Clinic Clinical Attending, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Health Center
Providence Cancer Center/Providence Portland Medical Syracuse, New York
Center Private Practice
Attending Surgeon, Trauma Service/Oral and Maxillofacial Camillus, New York
Surgery Service
Legacy Emanuel Medical Center Eric Dierks, MD, DMD
Affiliate Professor Affiliate Professor
Oregon Health and Science University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Head and Neck Surgical Associates Oregon Health and Science University
Portland, Oregon Portland, Oregon
Samuel Bobek, DMD, MD Abdulrahman Doughan, MD, FACC
Private Practice, Head and Neck Surgical Associates Atlanta Heart Associates, PC
Associate Professor Stockbridge, Georgia
Oregon Health and Science University
Portland, Oregon Fariba Farhidvash, MD, MPH
Neurologist
Gary F. Bouloux, MD, DDS, MDSc, FRACDS (OMS) Atlanta, Georgia
Associate Professor
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Sam E. Farish, DMD
Surgery J. David and Beverly Allen Family Professor of Oral and
School of Medicine Maxillofacial Surgery
Emory University Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of
Atlanta, Georgia Surgery
School of Medicine
Shenan Bradshaw, DDS Emory University
Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Chief, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
School of Medicine VA Medical Center
Emory University Atlanta, Georgia
Atlanta, Georgia
viii Chapter Editors and Contributors
Jaspal Girn, DMD, FRCD(C) Deepak Kademani, DMD MD FACS
Private Practice, Centrepoint Oral and Facial Surgery Associate Professor and Fellowship Director
Burnaby, British Columbia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Part-Time Clinical Assistant Professor University of Minnesota
Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry Chief of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
University of British Columbia North Memorial Medical Center
Vancouver, British Columbia Minneapolis, Minnesota
Ibrahim M. Haron, DDS Solon Kao, DDS, FICD
Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Assistant Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
School of Medicine Deputy Program Director of OMS Training Program
Emory University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Atlanta, Georgia School of Dental Medicine
Georgia Regents University
Eric P. Holmgren, DMD, MD, FACS Augusta, Georgia
Private Practice, Oral and Facial Surgery Associates
Pittsfield, Massachusetts Husain Ali Khan, DMD, MD, FACS
Georgia Oral and Facial Surgery, and Eastern Surgical
Bradford Huffman, DMD Associates and Consultants
Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Attending Surgeon
College of Dental Medicine Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of
Georgia Regents University Surgery
Augusta, Georgia Northside Hospital
Atlanta, Georgia
Jason A. Jamali, DDS, MD Clinical Associate Professor
Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medical College of Georgia
University of Illinois at Chicago Augusta, Georgia
Chicago, Illinois
Brian E. Kinard, DMD
Damian R. Jimenez, DMD Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Chief Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School of Medicine
School of Medicine Emory University
Emory University Atlanta, Georgia
Atlanta, Georgia
Antonia Kolokythas, DDS, MSc
Chris Jo, DMD Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Atlanta Oral and Facial Surgery, LLC University of Illinois at Chicago Cancer Center
Atlanta, Georgia Chicago, Illinois
Jenny Jo, MD Deepak G. Krishnan, BDS
Peachtree Women’s Clinic Assistant Professor of Surgery and Residency Program
Atlanta Women’s Health Group Director
Atlanta, Georgia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
Jeremiah O. Johnson, DDS, MD Cincinnati, Ohio
Former Chief Resident of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Oregon Health and Science University
Portland, Oregon
Fellow, Royal Melbourne Hospital
Australia
Chapter Editors and Contributors ix
Joyce T. Lee, DDS, MD, FACS Kambiz Mohammadzadeh, MD
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Research Fellow
Surgery Georgia Oral and Facial Surgery
School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia
Emory University
Atlanta, Georgia Anthony B.P. Morlandt, MD, DDS
Fellow, Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction
Patrick J. Louis, DDS, MD Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Section of
Professor and Residency Program Director Head and Neck Surgery
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Florida at Jacksonville
University of Alabama at Birmingham Jacksonville, Florida
Birmingham, Alabama
Timothy M. Osborn, MD, DDS
Michael R. Markiewicz, DDS, MD, MPH Assistant Professor
Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
School of Medicine Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine
Emory University Boston University
Atlanta, Georgia Boston, Massachusetts
Robert E. Marx, DDS Rebecca Paquin, DMD, BS
Miller School of Medicine Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
University of Miami College of Dental Medicine
Miami, Florida Georgia Regents University
Augusta, Georgia
Wm. Stuart McKenzie, DMD, MD
Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Etern S. Park, MD, DDS
University of Alabama at Birmingham Fellow, Head and Neck Oncologic and Microvascular
Birmingham, Alabama Reconstructive Surgery
Legacy Emanuel Medical Center and Providence Portland
Mehran Mehrabi, DMD, MD Cancer Center
Private Practice, Advanced Dental Specialists Portland, Oregon
Glen Dale, Wisconsin
Ketan Patel, DDS, PhD
Roger A. Meyer, MD, DDS, MS, FACS Fellow, Oral/Head and Neck Oncologic Surgery
Director, Maxillofacial Consultations, Ltd. University of Minnesota
Greensboro, Georgia Minneapolis, Minnesota
Department of Surgery, Northside Hospital
Atlanta, Georgia Kumar J. Patel, BDS, LDSRCS, DMD, MS, FICD
Clinical Assistant Professor Private Practice
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Marietta, Georgia
Georgia Health Science University
Augusta, Georgia Mayoor Patel, DDS, MS
Private Practice, Georgia Oral and Facial Surgery Adjunct Clinical Instructor, Craniofacial Pain Center
Marietta, Georgia Tufts University
Boston, Massachusetts
Michael Miloro, DMD, MD, FACS Adjunct Clinical Instructor
Professor and Head Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Georgia Regents University
University of Illinois at Chicago Augusta, Georgia
Chicago, Illinois Private Practice, Craniofacial Pain Center of Georgia
Atlanta, Georgia
Justine Moe, DDS
Resident, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Piyushkumar P. Patel, DDS
School of Medicine Private Practice
Emory University Atlanta, Georgia
Atlanta, Georgia
