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Clinical Medicine
of the Dog and Cat
Third Edition
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Clinical Medicine
of the Dog and Cat
Third Edition
Michael Schaer DVM, DipACVIM (SAIM); DipACVECC
Emeritus Professor of Small Animal Medicine;
Adjunct Professor in Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care
College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Florida
Gainesville, Florida, USA
Frédéric Gaschen Dr.med.vet., Dr.habil., DipACVIM (SAIM), DipECVIM-CA (IM)
Professor of Companion Animal Medicine
School of Veterinary Medicine
Louisiana State University
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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CRC Press
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Version Date: 20160401
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Dedications
To MJ, my wife, who has supported me through thick and thin throughout my entire career; to my colleagues and
contributing authors who have provided me encouragement and who have instilled their wisdom throughout this
textbook; and to my house officers and students who have provided me with endless inspiration - I thank you all
for allowing me to make my career my everyday passion. Lastly but certainly not least, I offer my special thanks to
Drs. Bill Kay, Glen Hoffsis, Jim Lloyd, Tom Vickroy, Boyd Jones, and Rowan Milner, who provided me with the oppor-
tunity and encouragement to propel myself forward toward a continuing productive life during the golden years of
my career.
Michael Schaer
“If you decide to become a veterinary surgeon you will never grow rich, but you will have a life of endless interest and variety”
(James Herriot)
To Lorrie, Alec, Betty, Gaston, and Louis with my love and gratitude for their support and encouragements at different
times of my life - I know I owe them everything.
To those who have taken the time and energy to mentor me at different times of my career - with my never ending
appreciation for your selfless investment
To the residents, interns, and students I had or currently have the privilege to work with for being a constant source of
motivation and energy
To James Herriot for first opening my eyes on this great profession of ours.
And finally to Mike Schaer, for inviting me to share the helm for the 3rd edition of his book, and to all the authors who
worked hard to make its content so relevant to our readers.
Frédéric Gaschen
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vii
Contents
Preface ix
Contributors xi
Abbreviations xv
Part 1 General approach 1
Chapter 1 Medical history and client communication 3
Stephanie W. Johnson
Chapter 2 Common clinical problems 11
2.1 Dyspnea (Elizabeth Rozanski) 11
2.2 Syncope, episodic weakness, and collapse (Boyd R. Jones) 17
2.3 Pigmenturia (Michael Schaer) 23
2.4 Vomiting (Frédéric Gaschen) 27
2.5 Polydipsia and polyuria (Michael Schaer) 33
2.6 Diarrhea (Frédéric Gaschen) 39
2.7 Icterus ( Julien Dandrieux) 47
2.8 Cough (Elizabeth Rozanski) 53
2.9 Epistaxis (Christine Iacovetta) 57
2.10 Fever of unknown origin (Robert Armentano) 61
2.11 Dysuria (Isabelle Cattin) 69
2.12 Pallor (Elisa M. Mazzaferro) 77
Part 2 Diseases of specific organ systems 81
Chapter 3 Diseases of the oral cavity and teeth 83
Erin P. Ribka & Brook A. Niemiec
Chapter 4 Respiratory disorders 105
Cécile Clercx
Chapter 5 Diseases of the pleural space 139
J. Brad Case
Chapter 6 Approach to thoracic radiographs 157
L. Abbigail Granger
Chapter 7 Cardiovascular disorders 195
Romain Pariaut & Carley Saelinger
Chapter 8 Digestive diseases (pharynx to anorectum) 253
Frédéric Gaschen
Chapter 9 Liver disorders 333
Joseph Taboada
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viii Contents
Chapter 10 Pancreatic disorders 361
Michael Schaer
Chapter 11 Endocrine disorders 387
Michael E. Herrtage
Chapter 12 Nephrology/urology 449
Mark J. Acierno
Chapter 13 Approach to abdominal radiographs 511
L. Abbigail Granger
Chapter 14 Disorders of the nervous system and muscle 545
Simon R. Platt
Chapter 15 Bone and joint disorders 637
Steven M. Fox
Chapter 16 Hematologic disorders 681
Katie M. Boes & Rose E. Raskin
Chapter 17 Disorders of hemostasis 745
Bobbi Conner
Chapter 18 Dermatologic disorders 769
Diane T. Lewis
Chapter 19 Ocular manifestations of systemic diseases 821
Dennis E. Brooks & Megan L. Sullivan
Part 3 Multisystemic disorders 877
Chapter 20 Clinical toxicology 879
Lisa A. Murphy & Kenneth J. Drobatz
Chapter 21 Infectious diseases 909
Richard B. Ford & Annette Litster
Chapter 22 Immunologic disorders 985
Michael J. Day
Part 4 Elements of therapy 1009
Chapter 23 Fluid therapy 1011
Gareth Buckley & Travis Lanaux
Chapter 24 Pain management 1025
Steven M. Fox
Chapter 25 Nutrition of the critically-ill dog and cat 1059
Justin Shmalberg
Chapter 26 Management of the obese dog or cat 1079
Alexander J. German
Appendix Clinical cases 1095
Index 1129
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