Table Of ContentClass in America: An
Encyclopedia, Volumes 1-3
Edited by
Robert E. Weir
Greenwood Press
C A
LASS IN MERICA
Advisory Board
Rick Fantasia
Department of Sociology
Smith College
Daniel Czitrom
History Department
Mount Holyoke College
C A
LASS IN MERICA
A E
N NCYCLOPEDIA
★
Volume 1: A–G
EDITED BY
ROBERT E. WEIR
GREENWOOD PRESS
Westport,Connecticut• London
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Class in America : an encyclopedia / edited by Robert E. Weir.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-313-33719-2 (set : alk. paper)
ISBN-13: 978-0-313-33720-8 (v. 1 : alk. paper)
ISBN-13: 978-0-313-33721-5 (v. 2 : alk. paper)
ISBN-13: 978-0-313-34245-5 (v. 3 : alk. paper)
1. Social classes—United States—Encyclopedias. 2. Social classes—United States—
History—Encyclopedias. 3. United States—Social conditions—Encyclopedias. I. Weir,
Robert E., 1952-
HN90.S6C564 2007
305.50973’03—dc22 2007008193
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available.
Copyright © 2007 by Robert E. Weir
All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be
reproduced, by any process or technique, without the
express written consent of the publisher.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2007008193
ISBN-10: 0–313–33719–5 (set) ISBN-13: 978–0–313–33719–2 (set)
0–313–33720–9 (vol 1) 978–0–313–33720–8 (vol 1)
0–313–33721–7 (vol 2) 978–0–313–33721–5 (vol 2)
0–313–34245–8 (vol 3) 978–0–313–34245–5 (vol 3)
First published in 2007
Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881
An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.
www.greenwood.com
Printed in the United States of America
The paper used in this book complies with the
Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National
Information Standards Organization (Z39.48–1984).
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
C
ONTENTS
Alphabetical List of Entries vii
Topical List of Entries xv
Volume 1
Preface xxv
Acknowledgments xxvii
Introduction xxix
Encyclopedia, A–G 1
Volume 2
Encyclopedia, H–P 339
Volume 3
Encyclopedia, Q–Z 673
Bibliographical Essay 967
About the Editors & Contributors 973
Index 979
A L E
LPHABETICAL IST OF NTRIES
Abbott, Edith and Grace anarchy
academia anglophilia:seeEurophilia
accents and language patterns anti-Semitism
achievement and ascription antitrust laws
Adams family Appalachia
Addams, Jane Appeal to Reason
advertising armories
affirmative action: seeinstitutional Aronowitz, Stanley
discrimination; quotas art
Affluent Society, The: seeGalbraith, Ascription: see achievement and
John Kenneth ascription
African Americans: seeinstitutional Asian Americans
discrimination; race, racism, and assimilation
racial stratification Astor, John Jacob
agrarianism Auchincloss, Louis
agribusiness: see agrarianism authority
Aid to Families with Dependent
Children (AFDC):seewelfare Bacon’s Rebellion
Alger, Horatio Baltzell, E. Digby
alienation Beacon Hill
Althusser, Louis begging and busking
American dream Bellamy, Edward
American Enterprise Institute: Berger, Victor
seethink tanks Bernstein, Jared
American exceptionalism big game hunting: see sports
American Federation of Labor (AFL) bilingualism
American Federation of Bill of Rights
Labor–Congress of Industrial birth control
Organizations (AFL–CIO) black conservatism
American Indians: seeNative black power
Americans Blau, Peter Michael
American Revolution blue collar
viii ★ ALPHABETICALLISTOFENTRIES
blue-collar unions subjective method; underclass;
blues upper class; working class
Bluestone, Barry class formation
boarding schools: see education; class struggle
Ivy League class subcultures
boards of directors classism
Bobos: see Neiman Marcus; status Cloward, Richard Andrew
symbols; yuppies Cold War
body image Coles, Robert
Boston Brahmins Commons, John R.
Bourdieu, Pierre Communist Party
bourgeoisie community colleges
bowling company town
Brace, Charles Loring comparable worth
Bracero Program competitiveness
Buchanan, Pat conflict theory
Bush family Congress of Industrial Organizations
business aristocracy (CIO)
business cycle conspicuous consumption
Consumer Price Index: see poverty
campaign financing calculations
capitalism consumerism
Carnegie, Andrew continuous/discontinuous views
casinos of class
caste contradictory class location
Catholics corporate class
Cattle Kingdom corporate welfare
CEO country clubs
Chamber of Commerce country music
charity balls creationism
Chicago School of Economics creative destruction
child labor crime
children and poverty critical elite theory
Chomsky, Noam cultural capital
civil service cultural tourism
Civil War culture of poverty
class consciousness culture wars
class definitions: see conflict theory; con-
tinuous/discontinuous views of class; Dahrendorf, Ralf
corporate class; functional elite the- Davis, Kingsley: seeDavis-Moore
ory; gender stratification; inequality thesis
theory; lower class; managerial class; Davis-Moore thesis
Marxism/Marxist; middle class; Day, Dorothy
objective method; poverty; power day trading
elite; prestige; race, racism, and Debs, Eugene
racial stratification; reputational debutantes
method; status inconsistency; deference
ALPHABETICALLISTOFENTRIES ★ ix
deindustrialization First Families of Virginia
Delmonico’s flat tax
democracy Floyd, Charles (“Pretty Boy”):
department stores seeJames, Jesse
designer goods: see luxury goods Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley
discontinuous views of class:seecontin- food bank
uous/discontinuous views of class foreign policy establishment
disenfranchisement Fortune magazine
Domhoff, G. William, Jr. foundations
Dorr Rebellion Founding Fathers
dot-com bubble fraternalism
Dreiser, Theodore fraternities and sororities
drug policy free trade
Drury, Victor Friedman, Milton: seeChicago
Du Bois, W. E. B. School of Economics
Dye, Thomas functional elite theory
fundamentalism
Economic Opportunity Act of
1964 (EOA) Galbraith, John Kenneth
edge city gambling
education gangs
Ehrenreich, Barbara gated communities
elitism: see classism Gates, Bill
entitlements gender stratification
environmentalism: see zoning general strike
Episcopalians gentrification
equity pay George, Henry
ethnic enclaves ghetto
ethnic stratification Giddens, Anthony
eugenics Gilded Age
Europhilia Gilman, Charlotte Perkins
evangelicalism: seecreationism; culture glass ceiling
wars; fundamentalism; sexuality; globalization
Southern Baptists gold
Gold, Mike
factory system Goldman, Emma
faith-based charities Goldthorpe, John
false consciousness Gompers, Samuel
family trust Gramsci, Antonio:seeAlthusser,
Farrell, James Louis
fashion Grant, Madison:seeeugenics
Federalist Party: see Founding Grapes of Wrath, The
Fathers Great Depression
Federalist Society: seethink tanks Great Gatsby, The
feminization of poverty Great Society
Fifth Avenue grunge and punk culture: seepunk
film and grunge culture
Description:In the United States, social class ranks with gender, race, and ethnicity in determining the values, activities, political behavior, and life chances of individuals. Most scholars agree on the importance of class, although they often disagree on what it is and how it impacts Americans. This A-Z ency
