Table Of ContentCivil Society and Social Movements
in Food System Governance
This book offers insights into the governance of contemporary food systems
and their ongoing transformation by social movements.
As global food systems face multiple threats and challenges there is an
opportunity for social movements and civil society to play a more active
role in building social justice and ecological sustainability. Drawing on case
studies from Canada, the United States, Europe, and New Zealand, this
edited collection showcases promising ways forward for civil society actors
to engage in governance. The authors address topics including: the variety
of forms that governance engagement takes from multi-stakeholderism
to co-governance to polycentrism/self-governance; the values and power
dynamics that underpin these different types of governance processes;
effective approaches for achieving desired values and goals; and, the broader
relationships and networks that may be activated to support change. By
examining and comparing a variety of governance innovations, at a range
of scales, the book offers insights for those considering contemporary food
systems and their ongoing transformation.
It is suitable for food studies students and researchers within geography,
environmental studies, anthropology, policy studies, planning, health
sciences and sociology, and will also be of interest to policy makers and
civil society organizations with a focus on food systems.
Peter Andrée is Associate Professor in Political Science, Geography and
Environmental Studies at the Institute of Political Economy at Carleton
University, Canada.
Jill K. Clark is Associate Professor at the John Glenn College of Public
Affairs at Ohio State University, USA.
Charles Z. Levkoe is Canada Research Chair in Sustainable Food Systems
and Assistant Professor in the Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead
University, Canada.
Kristen Lowitt is Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography,
Brandon University, Canada.
Routledge Studies in Food, Society and the Environment
Food and Nutrition Security in Southern African Cities
Edited by Bruce Frayne, Jonathan Crush and Cameron McCordic
The Real Cost of Cheap Food
(Second Edition)
Michael Carolan
Food Bank Nations
Poverty, Corporate Charity and the Right to Food
Graham Riches
Urban Food Systems Governance and Poverty in African Cities
Edited by Jane Battersby and Vanessa Watson
Risk and Food Safety in China and Japan
Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Insights
Edited by Louis Augustin-Jean and Jean-Pierre Poulain
Localizing Global Food
Short Food Supply Chains as Responses to Agri-Food System Challenges
Edited by Sophia Skordili and Agni Kalfagianni
Seafood Supply Chains
Governance, Power and Regulation
Miriam Greenwood
Civil Society and Social Movements in Food System Governance
Edited by Peter Andrée, Jill K. Clark, Charles Z. Levkoe and Kristen
Lowitt
For further details please visit the series page on the Routledge website:
http://www.routledge.com/books/series/RSFSE/
Civil Society and Social
Movements in Food System
Governance
Edited by Peter Andrée, Jill K. Clark,
Charles Z. Levkoe and Kristen Lowitt
First published 2019
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
2019 selection and editorial matter, Peter Andrée, Jill K. Clark, Charles
Z. Levkoe and Kristen Lowitt; individual chapters, the contributors
The right of Peter Andrée, Jill K. Clark, Charles Z. Levkoe and Kristen
Lowitt to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the
authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance
with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.
com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-
Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record has been requested for this book
ISBN: 978-1-138-58807-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-429-50359-7 (ebk)
Typeset in Sabon
by Swales & Willis Ltd, Exeter, Devon, UK
Contents
Acknowledgements vii
List of contributors ix
Foreword: Social movements in food system governance xi
PHIL MOUNT
Introduction – Traversing theory and practice: Social
movement engagement in food systems governance
for sustainability, justice, and democracy 1
PETER ANDRÉE, JILL K. CLARK, CHARLES Z. LEVKOE,
AND KRISTEN LOWITT
1 The governance engagement continuum: Food
movement mobilization and the execution of
power through governance arrangements 19
PETER ANDRÉE, JILL K. CLARK, CHARLES Z. LEVKOE,
KRISTEN LOWITT, AND CARLA JOHNSTON
2 Pathways to co-governance? The role of NGOs in food
governance in the Northwest Territories, Canada 43
CARLA JOHNSTON AND PETER ANDRÉE
3 Searching for fit? Institution building and local action
for food system change in Dunedin, New Zealand 63
PHILIPPA MACKAY AND SEAN CONNELLY
4 Catalyzing change in local food system governance in
Calgary, Alberta: The role of YYC Growers and
Distributors cooperative 81
MARY BECKIE AND ELIZABETH BACON
vi Contents
5 Policy engagement as prefiguration: Experiments
in food policy governance through the national
food policy dialogue in Canada 101
CHARLES Z. LEVKOE AND AMANDA WILSON
6 Comparing the effectiveness of structures for
addressing hunger and food insecurity 124
MOLLY D. ANDERSON
7 Indigenous self-determination and food sovereignty
through fisheries governance in the Great Lakes region 145
KRISTEN LOWITT, CHARLES Z. LEVKOE, RYAN LAUZON,
KATHLEEN RYAN, AND CHIEF DEAN SAYERS
8 Collaborative governance: The case of local food
action planning 164
JILL K. CLARK
9 Hybrid governance as rural development: Market,
state, and civil society in Correns, France 183
CHANTAL WEI-YING CLÉMENT
Index 201
Acknowledgements
This book has solid footing in the work of the Food: Locally Embedded,
Globally Engaged (FLEdGE) action research collaborative. FLEdGE is a
research and knowledge sharing partnership committed to fostering food
systems that are socially just, ecologically regenerative, economically
localized, and that engage a wide range of people across food systems.
Specifically, we want to acknowledge the 86 partners, co-applicants, and
collaborators in Canada and 25 collaborators in the international commu-
nity that are on the front lines of this work and have inspired this project.
FLEdGE receives funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research
Council of Canada (SSHRC).
Most of the chapters in this volume were first presented in a workshop
held in conjunction with a FLEdGE meeting in September 2017. We greatly
appreciate the participation of fellow researchers and community partners,
which included reviewing and discussing early ideas and drafts of chap-
ters. We specifically want to thank the following individuals: Elizabeth
Bacon, Patricia Ballamingie, Jane Battersby, Mary Coulas, Ana Moragues
Faus, Harriet Friedmann, Tim MacNeill, Hugo Martorell, Ken Meter, and
Theresa Schumilas.
Projects like these do not happen without the help of colleagues and
friends. Foremost, we thank Alison Blay-Palmer who played an instrumental
role in bringing together this community-based research and practice com-
munity and providing (and encouraging us!) with the forum and resources
to bring this book to fruition. The feedback from Molly Anderson and Phil
Mount on the theoretical framework presented in Chapter 1 was critical to
its development. A special thank you to Carla Johnston for her careful and
consistent attention to details when editing the volume. We greatly appreci-
ate the support from Tim Hardwick and Amy Johnston from Routledge/
Taylor & Francis Group. This work has been published open access thanks
to grants from the Aid to Publication Program of Saint Paul University, the
Faculty of Extension, University of Alberta, the Department of Geography,
University of Otago, the Food Studies Program, Middlebury College, the John
Glenn College of Public Affairs, Ohio State University, Carleton University,
viii Acknowledgements
and the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), Wilfrid
Laurier University and FLEdGE.
Finally, we hope that researchers, policy makers and food movement
activists find the work presented in this book useful.
Contributors
Peter Andrée is Associate Professor and Associate Chair in the Department of
Political Science at Carleton University. His research focuses on the politics of
food systems and the environment. He practices, and teaches, community-based
participatory research methods. Prof. Andrée is co-editor of Globalization
and Food Sovereignty: Global and Local Change in the New Politics of Food
(2014) and author of Genetically Modified Diplomacy (2007).
Molly D. Anderson is the William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Food Studies at
Middlebury College and Academic Director of its Food Studies Program.
She worked previously at Oxfam America and Tufts University, and has
published widely on sustainable food systems issues.
Elizabeth Bacon is a research assistant with Dr. Mary Beckie at the
University of Alberta, as part of the FLEdGE network. In projects related
to FLEdGE, she has had the opportunity to investigate local food poli-
cies and food system governance in Alberta. Currently, Elizabeth works
at the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity in Montreal.
Mary Beckie is an Associate Professor and Director of Community
Engagement Studies at the University of Alberta. Her research on sustaina-
ble and localized agri-food systems has taken place in western Canada, the
European Union, Cuba, India and Sri Lanka. Mary is the academic lead for
the Alberta/British Columbia node of the FLEdGE research partnership.
Jill K. Clark is an Associate Professor in the John Glenn College of Public
Affairs at Ohio State University. Her research interests include food pol-
icy and practice, centering on community and state governance of food
systems, the policy process, and public participation.
Chantal Wei-Ying Clément is Coordinator of the International Panel of
Experts on Sustainable Food Systems (IPES-Food). She holds a Ph.D. in
Political Science from Carleton University.
Sean Connelly is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Geography at the University
of Otago. He teaches courses on environmental management and his research
interests are in the broad area of sustainable communities, with particular focus
on alternative food systems and rural and regional development.
