CISCO Certified Network Administrator

720 Pages·2007·7.45 MB·English

Learning by Doing:
CISCO Certified Network Administrator
(CCNA)
Lab Manual version 5.0

Matthew J. Basham
[email protected]
Business Technologies Department, Clearwater Campus
St. Petersburg College
St. Petersburg, Florida
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Learning by Doing:
CISCO Certified Network Administrator
Lab Manual version 5.0

Matthew J. Basham

Copyright ©2007

Published by:
Lulu Press (http://www.lulu.com)

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or
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Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

This manuscript was supplied camera-ready by the author.

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Warning and Disclaimer
This book is designed to provide information to help prepare students for portions of the
Cisco CCNA certification examination and entry-level employment. Every effort has
been made to make this book as complete and accurate as possible, but no warranty or
fitness is implied.

The information is provided on an as-is basic. The author and Lulu Press shall have
neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or
damages arising from the information contained in this book or from the use of the
programs that accompany it.

This opinions expressed in this book belong to the author and are not necessarily those of
Cisco Systems, Inc., St. Petersburg College or Lulu Press.

Trademark Acknowledgements
All terms mentioned in this book are known to be trademarks or service marks have been
appropriately capitalized. Lulu Press or Cisco Systems, Inc., cannot attest to the accuracy
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About the Author

Matthew Basham is the Program Director, Assistant Professor, Main Contact and Lead
Instructor for the St. Petersburg College-CISCO Regional Networking Academy in
Clearwater, Florida. He also oversees the daily operations of the Microsoft, Oracle,
Linux, and programming degrees. Mr. Basham has been employed (adjunct and full-time)
with SPC since 1996. He has completed his CCAI (CISCO instructor), CCNA 2.0, CCNP
academy instructor and CCDA certification. He is currently working on a Ph.D. from the
University of Florida in curriculum development (computer security), administration and
leadership/educational entreprenuerialism, and IT policy development in higher
education. He holds an M.A.M.C. from the University of Florida and a B.A. from
Oakland University (Rochester, Michigan). Mr. Basham has been working
professionally in networking as a network administrator, technical writer, teacher, and
consultant since 1993. He has been using computers since the 1970's and still owns his
original Commodore 64. He has held certifications or trained students in CCNA, CCDA,
CCAI, Novell 3 and 4, NT 4.0 workstation, TCP/IP, NT 4.0 server, A+, Network+,
COBOL, Fortran, Pascal, DOS, BASIC, and HTML. His hobbies include computer
security, cyber-law, and anti-hacking techniques for network administrators and
educators. He has lectured extensively across the United States over the past six years on
curriculum developments in security and cyberlaw-related topics for higher education.
He also has other publications and textbooks available through Lulu Press.

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A note to students and teachers

This manual was developed to prepare students for hands-on training to
accompany classroom lectures on CISCO networking theory for the CISCO CCNA
examination. These labs are intended to supplement and enhance the Cisco Networking
Academy Program with additional information, explanations, and laboratory materials,
not to replace them. Think of this like a “cliff’s notes” to accompany the curriculum. If
you are looking for a lot of theory, then you have got the wrong book.
This book uses a bunch of educational theory and the book should be used from
the start to the finish. For example, in early labs ip addresses and related information is
given. The later labs assume you have a good grasp of addressing and can choose your
own. Yeah, I know it can stink but understanding subnetting is a critical part of an entry-
level technician in networking and the “standard” Cisco curriculum does not address this
very well. Also I put an emphasis on troubleshooting and critical thinking to a much
deeper extent than the official curriculum. All labs and exercises contain four basic parts:
1. An objective section giving a brief topic for exploration in the lab or exercise
2. A tools and materials list
3. Steps needed to complete the lab or exercise
4. Supplemental lab or exercise challenge activities
Some sections include background information if needed.
Please keep in mind that equipment and IOS variations can cause differences
between what is within this book and what you may actually see.
Some of the labs contain “guest router names” that are borrowed from computer
security history. I do this to spice up the labs a bit and give you a cross-reference and
some history of computer security. I even got an email from a past member of the LOD
which was really cool. Keep them emails coming!

Keep track of updates and changes at http://www.spcollege.edu/star/cisco Scroll to
the bottom of the page and click on the “Lab Manual Edits.”

Do you have a lab that you want in this book? Send it in and we’ll give you written
credit for developing the lab if we pick it for use in our next book. We do, however,
reserve the right to reformat the “look” of the lab to be similar to the style in this book
and to do any minor edits. Before it appears in the newest version of the book you will
still have the final say-so on any changes. After all this is about an open source effort
and I feel giving the book away embodies the spirit of open source. The labs must be
done using MS Word or compatible format. Sorry to all the Mac/OS users.
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Acknowledgements
I would like to thank many people: my wife Michelle (for putting up with me and my
“eccentricities,” long nights working on the book, and all the traveling I do), my kids
Matthew and Madison, my family, grandparents (rest in peace), Worrell family, Wolfe
family, Jeanette LaBelle-Wieske and family, Krysta, Rachel, Autumn, (no particular
order), Beth & the Bindle family (you shouldn’t have said “no”), Ronda Tranter and
family (legal inspiration), Frank Carlton Serafino Feranna (you’re right…we aren’t all
dumb kids), J.C. and Mickey Converse, Uncle Bill, Aunt Mary, cousin David, Dave Ellis,
Kent Plate and family, Rich Curtis, Flo Jacobsen, Ms. Minton (HS English Teacher),
F*$Kmaster Mike, Melissandre Hilliker, Jaime and Jaime, Jen, Angela, Jessica, Julie
Morrow and Lisa Wilson (for the ambition or revenge to do even better), and to all my
students everywhere!

I guess I should also thank the makers of Mountain Dew© and Pizza Hut©, without them
I would not have had my fuel for this…what ever happened to “Jolt Cola©” anyway?

I want to give a special thanks to all of my students, colleagues, friends, etc. who have
pointed out the errors in this book (and sometimes the ones not in the book)…In the
future this list will also include anyone else who finds an error and brings it to my
attention: Rick Whelan, John Madison, Rich Curtis, Jessie Brown, Chad Olsen, John
Collins, Scott Johnson, Brian Borowski, King Wong, JR Deng, John Ferillo, Michael
Angel, Jack Fisher, and Francis Robitaille.

Special congradulations to my students who have gone on to pass the CCIE (written and
/or practical portions)…those that I know of include Victor Floresca and Michael Brooks.

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About the author 3
A note to students and teachers 4
Acknowledgements 5
Table of Contents 7

Part 1 Foundations of Cisco Networking 9

Part 1a: Cisco Foundations
Searching CISCO for CCNA test information 11
Registering for your CCNA exam 15
An overview of Cisco routers and switches 17
Paper Lab: Cisco Three-Layer Hierarchical Model 22
Paper Lab: ICONS for computer diagrams 24

Part 1b: Workstation Foundations: Windows 2000/XP/ME
DOS Lab 2K 85
Windows 2000 Utilities Lab 99
Dynamic DHCP Lab 101
Changing TCP/IP Settings on Your Computer (Static DHCP) 105
Intermediate DOS Lab: Troubleshooting Utilities 110
FTP/TFTP Lab 117
Telnet Lab 120
Hyperterminal Lab 124
Remote Access Lab 126
Your Modem and You 135

Part 1b: Workstation Foundations: Knoppix STD
Just what the heck is Knoppix STD anyway? 140
DOS-like stuff in Knoppix Konsole 143
Fun with Knoppix (FTP, Telnet) 154
Communication Tools with Knoppix STD 162
Sniffers in Knoppix STD (Using a protocol inspector) 166
Utilities in Knoppix STD 171

Part 1c: Networking Foundations
Installing a NIC: Hardware 179
Paper Lab: Proper Cable for the Proper Job 180
Peer-to-Peer Networking/File and Print Sharing 188
Small Single Hub Networks 192
Small Multiple Hub Networks 194
Paper Lab: Binary Numbering 196
Paper Lab: Hexadecimal Numbering 207
Paper Lab: OSI Model and Encapsulation 211
Protocols and the OSI Model 218
Paper Lab: LAN Topologies 225
Paper Lab: Broadcast and Collision Domains 230
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Free Protocol Inspector: Ethereal 239
Free Protocol Inspector: Packetyzer 243
Paper Lab: Ethernet Packet Structures 247
Paper Lab: Subnetting 257
Network Design with Subnets 275
Quickie Subnetting 277
Subnetting Example: John’s Brewhouse 278
Paper Lab: Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) 280
What’s wrong with these subnets? 283

Part 2 Switching
Switch Maintenance 287
Basic STP 292
Basic STP with one router 296
Intermediate STP 297
Basic VLAN 302
Basic VLAN with one router 304
Intermediate VLAN’s 308
Mixing it up: VLAN’s, STP, and RIP 309
Subnetting Example: ABC Packaging Company 311
Basic VTP 312
VLAN Trunking
Using a 2950 switch 315
Using a 4000/5000/6000 switch 323
ACL’s on switches
Part 3 Command Review 333
Whole Enchilada/Crazy Insano Lab #1 (WECIL): Switching 335
Whole Enchilada/Crazy Insano Lab #2 (WECIL): Switching 336
Whole Enchilada/Crazy Insano Lab #3 (WECIL): Switching 337
Whole Enchilada/Crazy Insano Lab #4 (WECIL): Switching 338
Whole Enchilada/Crazy Insano Lab #5 (WECIL): Switching 339

Part 3 LAN Routing Fundamentals
An Overview of CISCO Routers and Switches 155
Basic Router Commands 160
Router Boot Sequence 168
Basic Router Configuration 177
Routing Protocols: RIP 181
Basic Troubleshooting: Router-to-Router 188
Loopback Interfaces 197
Basic RIP with Protocol Inspector 203
Router Telnet Lab 207
Route Summarization with RIP 210
Intermediate RIP with 3 Routers 216
Using Syslog for network monitoring
RIP Metrics and the Limitations of RIP 219
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Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Lab 222
Subnetting with DHCP 225
Paper Lab: Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) 227
Static and Dynamic Routes with Discontiguous RIP Networks 230
Overcoming Problems with Routing Loops 235
Routing Protocols: RIP Version 2 and Redistribution with RIP 237
Protocol Deathmatch! Rip versus Ripv2 283
Routing Protocols: IGRP 284
Packet Structure of IGRP with Protocol Inspectors 288
Intermediate IGRP: Metrics 292
Redistribution of RIP and IGRP 299
Routing Protocols: EIGRP 306
Routing Protocols: OSPF 312
Routing Protocols: BGP 317
Paper Lab: Routing Protocol Categories 322
Part 3 Command Review 240
Whole Enchilada/Crazy Insano Lab #1 (WECIL): Routing 242
Whole Enchilada/Crazy Insano Lab #2 (WECIL): Routing 244
Troubleshooting scenarios for part 2 245

Part 4 Access Control Lists 280
Paper Lab: Wildcard Masks 335
Paper Lab: Access Control Lists 337
Basic Access Control Lists 342
Extended Access Control Lists 347
Named Access Control Lists 351
Making a Protocol Inspector with ACL’s 354
Firewall Basics using Reflexive ACL’s 359
ACL’s on switches
Part 4 Command Review 362
Whole Enchilada/Crazy Insano Lab #1 (WECIL): IGRP/RIP 364
Whole Enchilada/Crazy Insano Lab #2 (WECIL): IP/IPX 365

Part 5 Wide Area Network Fundamentals 366
Registering for your CCNA exam 367
Auxiliary Port Configuration
Remote Access Lab: Using a Modem with a Router (AUX) 368
Using a T-1/DSL line with a Router
Serial Line Configuration
Point-to-Point Protocol 371
PPP with Authentication 376
Remote Access DUN with PPP Encapsulation 387
Setting up a Router to be a Frame Relay Switch 391
Frame Relay with 2 Routers 393
Frame Relay: Hub and Spoke with 3 routers 396
Fully-Meshed Frame Relay with 3 Routers and Sub-interfaces 399
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Frame Relay Operation and Troubleshooting 405
WIC’s and Network Module Plug-in Configuration
Basic ISDN Configuration with BRI interface (MERGE) 412
Basic ISDN Configuration with BRI interface (ADTRAN) 416
ISDN Operation and Troubleshooting 420
ISDN Configuration with Multiple Routers (ADTRAN) 446
Frame Relay with ISDN Backup 451
Homestretch
Part 5 Command Review 454
Whole Enchilada/Crazy Insano Lab #1 (WECIL) 456

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Part 1:
Foundations of Cisco Networking

Here in this section I break it up into three big chunks. In the first part I wanted to
give you a good overview of Cisco, Cisco certifications, testing and searching for stuff on
Cisco’s website. The next part I cover some foundational information about workstations
that are particularly relevant to our labs here. I left the ones with Windows 98 because I
figured there still would be some schools out there somewhere that may need them. I
also did some of the stuff for Windows 2000 that should also be pretty close for ME and
XP. Now here is the real deal: I put some labs in for Knoppix STD, a Linux-like free
operating system (Security Tools Distribution). Long live open source! Do you want
Cisco’s operating system? I heard you could find it in China somewhere! Just kidding.
The last section covers a whole bunch of networking topics that should bring you up to
speed for the Cisco labs. It would really do you some good if you want to make a living
doing this stuff to go out and take a couple of PC repair classes, a couple of Microsoft
Networking classes, and a couple of Linux classes along with the CCNA.

a. Cisco Foundations
b. Workstation Foundations
c. Networking Foundations

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