Table Of ContentBarry B. Halliwell · Henrik E. Poulsen
Editors
Cigarette Smoke and Oxidative Stress
Barry B. Halliwell · Henrik E. Poulsen
Editors
Cigarette Smoke
and Oxidative Stress
With 66 Figures, 18 in Color and 8 Tables
123
Barry B. Halliwell Henrik E. Poulsen
Pharmacology Group Dept. of Clinical Pharmalogy,
University of London King’s College Rigshospitalet
Manresa Road, London SW3 6LX University Hospital Copenhagen
UK Tagensvej 20, 2200 Copenhagen N
Denmark
Library of Congress Control Number: 2006925085
ISBN-10 3-540-31410-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
ISBN-13 978-3-540-31410-3 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
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Preface
From a public health point of view, there is little doubt that one of the most important
preventable causes of disease worldwide is tobacco smoking. It is also clear that tobacco
smoke contains a vast number of chemicals with important biological effects in disease
processes. The gas phase of tobacco smoke is oxidizing, the tar phase is reducing, and
whole smoke is roughly neutral, so its effects on oxidative stress may be an “antioxidant
paradox.”
From a scientific point of view, we found it of interest to make a comprehensive over-
view of what we presently know about oxidative stress and tobacco smoke, because smok-
ing is presently the best-known common condition associated with oxidative stress, and
it may serve as a model for others. To this end, we have asked distinguished researchers
from the public and the private sectors to evaluate the present scientific status in their
particular area. Authors were selected purely because of their scientific merits.
We do not claim that all the well-described health hazards associated with cigarette
smoking stem from oxidative stress, nor should we. However, we ought to be able to find
out, and for some of those health hazards, we can already say. We hope this book will
stimulate more research to find answers to the remaining questions.
Barry Halliwell and Henrik E. Poulsen
Contents
1 Oxidative Stress ................................................. 1
Barry B. Halliwell and Henrik E. Poulsen
2 T obacco Smoke Constituents Affecting Oxidative Stress ........... 5
Jan B. Wooten, Salem Chouchane, and Thomas E. McGrath
3 Oxidative Modifications of Proteins and Lipids by Cigarette
Smoke (CS). A Central Role for Unsaturated Aldehydes in
CS-Mediated Airway Inflammation .............................. 47
Albert van der Vliet
4 Cigarette Smoke-Induced Redox Signaling and Gene Expression
in In Vitro and In Vivo Models ................................... 75
Thomas Müller and Stephan Gebel
5 Redox Effects of Cigarette Smoke in Lung Inflammation ........ 113
Irfan Rahman
6 Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Irfan Rahman
7 Modulation of Cigarette Smoke Effects by Diet
and Antioxidants ............................................. 199
Marion Dietrich and Gladys Block
8 Modulation of Cigarette Smoke Effects by Antioxidants:
Oxidative Stress and Degenerative Diseases ................... 215
Jari Kaikkonen and Jukka T. Salonen
9 S moking Depletes Vitamin C: Should Smokers Be
Recommended to Take Supplements? ......................... 237
Jens Lykkesfeldt
10 Experimental In Vitro Exposure Methods for Studying
the Effects of Inhalable Compounds ........................... 261
Michaela Aufderheide
VIII Contents
11 Oxidative Stress in Laboratory Animals Exposed to Cigarette
Smoke, with Special Reference to Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Chris Coggins
12 Pulmonary Effects of Cigarette Smoke in Humans .............. 293
Nick H.T. ten Hacken and Dirkje S. Postma
13 Smoking and Oxidative Stress: Vascular Damage ............... 339
Thomas Münzel, Felix Post, and Ascan Warnholtz
14 N rf2: a Transcription Factor that Modifies Susceptibility
to Cigarette Smoke-Induced Pulmonary Oxidative Stress and
Emphysema .................................................. 365
Shyam Biswal and Thomas W. Kensler
15 Tobacco Smoke and Skin Aging ............................... 379
Akimichi Morita
16 C igarette Smoke and Oxidative DNA Modification .............. 387
Henrik E. Poulsen, Allan Weimann, and Barry B. Halliwell
Contributors
Michaela Aufderheide
Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Aerosol Research Drug Research and
Clinical Inhalation, Nikolai-Fuchs-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
Shyam Biswal
Division of Toxicological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health
Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe
Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Gladys Block
Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health,
University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
Salem Chouchane
Philip Morris USA Postgraduate Research Program, USA
Chris Coggins
1266 Carson Watts Road, King,NC 27021-7453, USA
Marion Dietrich
Nutritional Epidemiology, JM USDA HNRCA at Tufts University, 711
Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
Stephan Gebel
Philip Morris Research Laboratories GmbH, Fuggerstrasse 3, 51149 Cologne,
Germany
Nick H.T. ten Hacken
University Medical Center Groningen, Postbox 3001, 9700 RB Groningen,
The Netherlands
Barry B. Halliwell
Pharmacology Group, University of London King’s College, Manresa Road,
London SW3 6LX, UK
Jari Kaikkonen
Oy Jurilab Ltd., Microkatu 1, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
X Contributors
Thomas Kensler
Division of Toxicological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health
Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe
Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Jens Lykkesfeldt
Section of Biomedicine, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Royal
Veterinary & Agricultural University, 9 Ridebanevej, 1870 Frederiksberg C,
Copenhagen, Denmark
Thomas E. McGrath
Philip Morris USA Research Center, 4201 Commerce Road, Richmond VA
23234, USA
Current address: Philip Morris International, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
Akimichi Morita
Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nogoya City
University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
Thomas Müller
Philip Morris Research Laboratories GmbH, Fuggerstrasse 3, 51149 Cologne,
Germany
Thomas Münzel
II Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz,
Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
Felix Post
II Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz,
Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
Dirkje S. Postma
Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital, University of Groningen,
Postbus 30001, Hanseplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
Henrik E. Poulsen
Dept. of Clinical Pharmalogy, Q7642, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital
Copenhagen, Tagensvej 20, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
Irfan Rahman
Division of Lung Biology and Disease Program, University of Rochester
Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
Jukka T. Salonen
Oy Jurilab Ltd., Kuopio, Finland
Contributors XI
Albert Van der Vliet
Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, College of Medicine,
Burlington, VT 05405, USA
Ascan Warnholtz
II Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz,
Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
Jan B. Wooten
Philip Morris USA Research Center, 4201 Commerce Road, Richmond, VA
23234, USA
Allan Weimann
Dept. of Clinical Pharmalogy, Q7642, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital
Copenhagen, Tagensvej 20, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
