Table Of ContentCHORTI DICTIONARY (from Wisdom 195O)
A
transcribed from handwritten form and transliterated by Brian Stross, Department of
Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin,
Austin, TX 78712
ch used here for his c w/ a hacheck, x used here for his s w/ a hacheck
j used here for his x, tz used here for his c
p.443
aambi' [in_xap'_i'] 'last year, a year ago'
ah_ '[prefix denoting person, agent, doer, causer, male sex]'
ah ha'tz'owar ah.ha'c'ouar 'Chicchan (one of his several names)'
ah hor chan ah.hor.cha'n 'padrino'
ah hut 'person'
ah kilis 'a deity said to eat the sun and the moon (thus causing their eclipse)'
ah kirikna'ar 'Chicchan (one of his descriptive names)'
ah korom tz'i' ah.korom.ci' 'hunting dog'
ah kuhkay ah.kuhkai 'a firefly_like insect'
ahk'ab [ah_ak'ap'] 'night, evening, nocturnal
hor ahk'ab 'midnight'
umax ahk'ab 'a nocturnal monkey'
ahk'ab burer 'night fever'
ahk'ab mut ah.k'ap'.mut 'any nocturnal bird'
ahk'aburer ah.k'ap'urer [ahk'ap'_p'urer] 'night fever'
ahk'aburich ah.k'ap'urich [ahk'ap'_p'urich] 'night sweating'
ahk'ab yark'ir ah.k'ap'yarq'ir 'any nocturnal insect'
ah k'in 'the day', spirit of the sun (patron of diviners; padre eterno), diviner
(sabio).
hor ah k'in 'mid day, midday meal'
ah k'optar 'any wild animal or fowl'
p.444
ah k'ux [k'ux 'eat, gnaw on'] 'any thieving or gnawing animal'
ah k'ux nal 'milpa pest'
ah k'ux ak'ach ah.kux.aq'ach 'any chicken_stealing animal'
ah masak 'yerba de la cruz (a wild vine)'
ah mauh 'Duende (dwarf god of mountains and valleys, and
protector of cattle'
ah mer chor ????
ah mok 'sick person, patient'
ne'n ah moken 'I am sick'
ha'x ah mok 'he is sick'
e yah mokob 'the sick'
ah much 'frog [see also tuh.ce']/tuhtze'/'
ah patna'ar winikob [patnaar, milpa work, milpa_working; winikop'; men, people]:
group of .... deities (Angeles Trabajadores) who bring rain and who cause
lightning by hurling stone axes at the Chicchans.
ah pom 'toucan' ah puch [puch : pouch']; 'opossum'
burem ah puch 'a black opossum'
saksak ah puch 'a whitish opossum'
ah puch ha' [ha': aquatic]; tacuazin de agua (small edible opossum_like animal'
ah puch ch'o'k [ch'o'k : rat] 'tacuazin, ratón [opossum_like animal]'
ah pat ah.p'at [p'at ; small lizard]; 'lagartija (small lizard, probably the newt, or
e't)' ah burem [p'urem
: blackened] 'tinta de monte (cul. shrub from which a clothes
bluing is made)'
ah kox ah.qox 'pheasant'
ah k'uxuner ah q'uxuner 'any stinging insect'
ah ku'mix winikob ah.qu'mix.winikop' 'name of a lesser group of rain_making deities to
whom the second rain_making ceremony is directed'
ah k'ana'n ah.q'an.a'n 'a name for ih p'en /ihben/ (spirit of maize)'
ah rum, ah ta rum 'any terrestrial or burrowing animal'
ah rum chitam 'cochito de la tierra (small burrowing animal)'
ah rum ch'o'k 'a burrowing rat (rata de la tierra)', mole'
ah xur mut 'pico de navaja (bird said to cut with its sharpened bill)'
ah xur nuk 'quebranto hueso (a bird)'
p. 445
ah ta chor 'any milpa pest (animal or bird)'
ah t'ix 'cuerpo espino [sic, for puerco espino] (small burrowing animal
said to resemble both the d?? & the porcupine)'
ah chamsaner 'chamsán (poisonous mushroom)'
ah chab ah.chap' 'anteater, also the oso colmenero (small bear which robs
beehives)'
ah chih_ch'an ah.chih.ch'a'n 'chichaján (a wild woody vine)'
ah churur 'tigrillo'
ah chuch 'squirrel'
ah ch'ahnar ah.chahnar 'one who acts as guide'
ah ch'i'ir, ah ch'i'ir k'opot 'quequeshquillo (wild herbaceous plant)'
ah tzo' ah.co' 'turkey [v.ai?? chumpi']'
ah tzu'k ah.cu'k 'a Ladino'
ah tzu'k Ladino ah.cu'k Ladino 'a Ladino'
ah tzu'k ladinob ah.cu'k Ladinop' 'The Ladinos'
ah yum 'master, owner, controller, deity'
ah yum ak'ot ah.yum.akot 'dance [con]troller or leader'
ah yum ik'ar ah.yum.ikar 'wind gods'
ah yum maxtak ah.yum.maxtak 'headman of a family'
ah yum nar ah.yum.nar 'the four pellets of copal (or) wax placed inside the
storehouse to protect the maize'
ah yum rum 'earth spirit'
ah yum tekpan 'Catholic priest'
ah yum chor 'owner of a milpa'
ahk [?from a'k] 'sound, noise, rumble a ringing'
uy_ahkir e xukur 'the sounding of the river'
uy_ahkir e kirik 'the rumble of thunder'
uyahkir e witz' uyahkir e wic' 'rumble of a waterfall' ahkah 'sound out, rumble be noisy
[u.3_1]
ahkah e biriknahar tu'ut e k'in aahkah e biriknaar tuut e k'in 'the thunder is rumbling in the
sky'
tya' ahkah e ha' tia' aahkah e ha' 'when the stream rumbles'
war ahkah e kirik war aahkah e kirik 'the thunder is rumbling'
ahkah awayan 'it pours'
ahkah amusihk'ah ahkah amusih k'ah 'he snores, he breathes heavily'
a'ahkah e tekpan tua' inte' chamen 'the church (bell) is ringing for a dead person'
ahkah inte' witz' tya' in ketbah aahkah inte' uic' tia' in ketp'ah 'a waterfall rumbles
where I live'
warix a'akah 'it was rumbling'
ma'chu'uy upa'akah 'it can't make a noise'
ahkar 'noise, clamor'
ah ahkar 'bellringer (of the church)'
p.446
ahkes 'cause to sound out, ring churchbells [cl.2a]'
u_yahkes inte' ut e tak'in 'he makes a piece of iron ring (sound out)'
u_yahkes tu u_k'ab uyahkes tuuq'ap' 'they make a noise with their hands (said of woman
making tortillas in the early morning)'
ahkes taka inte' kutin 'make a noise (clamor) with a drum'
ahkesnib ahkesnip' 'anything used for sounding or noise_making, church bell'
ahkix 'groan, moan, cry'
ahknah 'groan, moan' [u.3_2]
war a ahknah kocha ah inok war aahknah kocha ah.mok 'he is groaning because he is sick'
u umbix inte' ixik war ahknah uump'iix [in up'iix] inte' ixik war aahknah
'I heard a woman moaning'
cha ahknah chaahknah [che aahknah] 'cause to groan'
uche a'anhknah [in ahknah] 'he makes me groan'
ahknar 'a groaning, a moaning, a groan'
u'umbien e ahknar 'I heard a groan'
ahn 'a running, a race'
ahner 'quickly, rapidly, fast'
ahner axanah 'he walks fast'
ma'achu upa apatnah ahner kocha ah mok 'he can't work fast because he is sick'
ahner akanah 'he leaves rapidly'
ma ahner 'slowly ??'
ahner taka 'quickly'
apatnah ahner taka 'he works quickly'
ahnes 'cause to run, chase, allow to flow or drain off, assist a flow
(as in an irrigation ditch) [cl.2a].
uyahnesenani tor e xah uyahnesenani tor e xaj 'he chased me across the meadow'
in_ahnes e ha' 'I drain off the water'
e tz'i' uy_ahnes ey ak'ach e ci' uyahnes ey aq'ach 'the dog chases the chicken'
ka'ahnes e sik'ab kaahnes e sik'ap 'we drain off the cane juice (from the press)'
ahnesbir 'chased, drained'
ahnesbil e ha' 'the water has been drained off'
in_te' mut ahnesbil umen e tz'i' inte' mut ahnesp'ir umen e ci' 'a bird has been chased by the
dog'
ahnesyaj 'a chasing, a draining off'
ahnih 'run, flow' [u.3_1]
inahnih 'I run'
ayan inte' sib yaxa' war aahnih ayan inte' sib' yaxa' war aahnih 'there is a boy over
there running'
aahnih 'the water flows'
ahnih e ha' 'the water flowed'
ahnih ixin 'hasten, hurry awayh'
ahnih aanxin 'I hasten'
ahnih aaxin 'he hastens'
ahniaar 'a running, a race, a flowing'
aahniaar [ah.ahniaar] 'runner, racer'
ahb ahp' 'cough [see alas ohp]
ahb uch'on ahp' uch'on 'whooping cough'
p. 447
ahk' ahq' [? ahaq'] 'yield, produce, a giving or offering, ceremonial
sacrifice, punishment'
ahk'u 'give, yield, produce (apparently not used in reference to fruit trees),
provide, furnish, sacrifice, beat, whip,
punish' [cl.2_1]
ahk'u awe' 'give food to, support a dependant person, pay a workman in food'
war in wahk'et iwe' ta ni'_otot 'I am supporting your ("giving you to eat") in my house'
ahk'u abuhki 'provide one with clothes'
ahk'u u_kuchi 'load a person, assist one in getting a load on his back'
uy_ahk'u in_kuchi 'he assistas me in getting a load in my back'
ahk'u u_k'ab 'offer one's hand (as in hand_shaking), make up (w/ enemies)'
in_wahk'u hik'ab takar Juan 'I offer my hand to (shake hands with) John'
ahk'u uk'ab takar 'offer one's hand to shake hands with'
in k'ani tua' aw_ahk'u ak'ab takar 'I want you to make up with him'
ahk'u uyok taka 'put the foot to, kick'
ahk'u uyak' taka ahq'u uya'k taka 'put the tongue to, taste'
ahk'u u_ni' taka 'sniff of'
ahk'u uhor taka 'butt'
ahk'u ta 'beat or trip against'
ahk'u tu uy_ok 'whip a person's legs'
ahk'u tama 'beat or whip with'
ahk'u teka ahq'u tcka 'beat or whip with'
ahk'u tama e tun 'beat with a stone'
ahk'u tama e te' 'beat with a stick'
ahk'u e k'eweer 'give the leather quirt to [standard expression meaning "to punish"]'
iinxin inwahk'u e k'eweer tuut [ta ahut] 'I am going to punish you'
ahk'u e ch'a'n 'yield bark string'
ahk'u uyopor ahq'u uyop'or 'produce leaves'
ahk'uaar ahq'uaar [ahq'_u_ar] 'charity, alms, food given in hospitality'
ut ni ahk'uaar 'my offering (as charity)'
ahak'ubir 'having given to, punished, etc.'
ahk'uyaj 'a giving, a beating'
ahon horin [corr. of ajonjoli, or ajonjolín] 'sesame'
ahr 'time, occasion'
aimpon yahr 'many times, often'
inte'nuahr 'once, one time, next time'
in yahr 'one time, once, as soon as, first'
aihn aihn [? ah.hin] 'alligator, large lizard; giant lizard spirit (lagarto)
said to inhabit and protect deep spots in streams and to attack lone
bathers at night with its long bone_ pointed tail'
ain 'sharpness, sharp edge'
ainir 'sharp'
ainran 'be sharp, have an edge' [cl.3_2]
p. 448
ainres 'sharpen, put an edge to' [cl.2a]
ak 'grass, grass_like plant or vine (generic), green fodder, long spine'
mach' ak 'any moss_like grass'
mo'r ak 'zacate mogote (a grass)'
noxi' yaak 'any tall grass'
parpar ak 'a wild grass'
sak ak 'zacate blanco (a grass)'
saksak ak 'a fodder grass'
sisar ak 'lemon grass'
xa'tz' ak xa'c'.ak T????????. (?????. ????? ?????)
ak kin 'grass blade, grass with long stalk'
ak ko' 'zacate de vares (a cultivated forage grass)'
ak pohp ak.pohp' 'navajuila (a wild reed grass)'
ak k'ahk' 'flax (a highland plant especially used for inflammations'
ak takin 'dry grass, hay'
ak uxaj ["spine of the field"] 'sewing needle (made of a long spine);
aguja de arria (a wild spring tree); a field cricket (cabellito)'
ak yuj 'Job's_tears (a cultivated lowland grass)'
akir 'grassy, grass_like'
akirih 'yield grass or grasslike parts' [cl.3_3]
akiriaar 'grass producing'
akmiyan 'pimienta gorda (allspice tree)'
akmiyan te' 'pimiento (a wild tree)'
akmiyan t'ix 'clavo de monte (a wild tree)'
ak'ut akut 'ceremonial dance'
ah ak'ut ah.akut 'dancer'
ah ak'utob ah.akutop' 'group of dancers' uyak'ut e noh k'in uyakut e noh.k'in
'fiesta dancer'
uyak'ut e tekpan 'church dance'
ak'utal akut.tar 'place where a dance is held'
ak'tah aktah 'dance' [cl.3_1]
aank'tah tuno'r e ak'bar aanktah [in.aktah] tuno'r e ak'p'ar 'I dance all night'
k'ani aank'tah 'I want to dance'
aak'tah nitata' 'my father dances'
k'ani in_kanoh aank'tah 'I wish to learn to dance'
ak'taar 'dancing and dance'
ah ak'taar 'dancer'
ak'tes 'teach to dance' [cl.2a]
ak'tesyah aktesyaj 'teaching of dancing'
ah ak'tesyah ah ktesyaj 'dance instructor'
p. 449
ak'ab ak'ap' 'night [seldom used; v. ak'p'ar]
uyak'ab e noh k'in 'night of a fiesta'
ahk'ab [ah.ak'ap'] 'be night'
ahk'ab burich 'night sweating'
ahk'ab burer 'night fever'
ak'at [possibly ak'ut; morpheme stem seldom used] 'permission, freedom,
abandonment'
ak'ta 'leave alone, forget about, abandon, neglect, turn loose, permit, unload,
unhand, free (as a captured animal).
abstain from' [cl.2_1]
ak'ta ta ha' 'leave in water, soak in water'
ak'ta ubah 'free itself (as from a trap)'
ak'ta umaxtak 'abandon one's family'
ak'ta u we' 'abstain from food (as during a ceremony)'
ak'ta e ixik, ak'ta uwixkar 'abstain from sex'
ak'ta e waynih ak'ta e wainij 'abstain from sleep (as during a ceremony'
ak'ta e patna'ar 'abstain from work (as during a fiesta)'
maachi ak'ta 'not to leave alone, prevent, refuse, deny'
maachi uyak'ta uche 'prevent someone form doing'
maachi inwak'ta apatnah 'I prevent him from working'
maachuuyak'teen 'he refuses me, he denies me'
ak'ta ixin 'let go, p;ermit to go'
inwak'ta axin 'I let him (it) go'
uyak'ta iinxin 'he lets me go'
ak'ta ahneh 'drain off, run off a liquid, allow to run off'
in wak'ta aahni e ha' 'I drain the water off'
ak'ta chamaih 'let die, neglect (as an animal or plant)'
ak'ta ohrih 'let fall a drop'
in wak'toohrih 'I let it fall'
ak'tabil 'freed, turned loose, left, neglected, it has been freed, etc.'
ak'tabir ta ha' 'left to soak in water'
inte' chor ak'tabir 'neglected milpa'
ak'tabir e chor 'the milpa has been neglected'
inte' korom ak'tabir 'a freed animal' ak'tabir e ixik 'abandoned woman (wife), the woman
has been abandoned'
ak'tayah ak'tayaj 'freedom, neglect, permission'
ak'bar [ak'ab_ar] 'night, at or during the night, by night'
tunoor e ak'bar 'all night'
kone'r ak'bar 'tonight'
las nueue ak'bar 'nine o'clock (p.m.)
aaxan ak'bar 'he came at night'
mut ak'bar 'any nocturnal bird'
ak'baran 'become dusk, dusk, evening [cl.3_3]
war aakbaran 'it is becoming dusk'
ak'baraner 'darkness, obscurity'
p.450
ak'bareh 'become night, get dark [cl.3_3]
war aak'bareh 'it is getting dark'
ak'bariaar [ak'p'areh_ar] 'nocturnal, nightly, at night'
ak'bariaar mut 'any nocturnal bird'
ah ak'bariaar 'nocturnal bird or animal'
ak'bi' [ak'ap'_i] 'yesterday, of yesterday'
e haha'ar ak'bi' 'yesterday's rain'
ak'bi' patneen 'yesterday I worked'
ak'bi' tunoor e k'in 'all day yesterday'
ak'bi' lok'oyen tua' inwira 'yesterday I ???? ???'
ak'bi? maxa?an 'yesterday at dusk'
ak'bi? [h]or ah k'in 'yesterday noon'
ak'bi? to 'goodbye'
ak'bi? ch'a?an k'in 'yesterday at dusk'
ak'bi? wa?an k'in 'yesterday morning'
ala pa?pik 'nakahiute (undescribed plant)'
almir [corr. of alma] 'pertaining to the stomach and abdomen'
k'ux almir q'ux.almir 'stomach ache [syn for k'ux nakir]'
am 'spider [generic]'
uyar am 'spider's young'
uwahr am [u_hahr.am] 'spider's web'
am te? 'tempisque (wild hardwood tree)'
am tz'ak [c'ak : remedy] 'contrayerva (wild herb)'
amas 'elbow'
uy_amas 'one's elbow'
amajon kene' [Span. cov?.] 'a variety of banana (guineo majoncho)'
amuk'a' 'zapotillo (a wild zapote_like tree)'
anam 'mud'
anam taka 'muddy, containing mud'
anamtar 'muddy spot, bog'
anamtar e chitam 'bog used by pigs'
anamtar ta bi'r 'bog in a trail'
anamir 'muddy, covered with mud'
anamran 'get muddy', muddy up' [cl.3_2]
war anamran e ut ha' 'the spring is getting muddy'
aanamran e ha' 'the water gets muddy'
anamres 'muddy anything, put mud on' [cl.2a]
anamres inte' ut ha' 'muddy a spring'
p. 451
ab 'hammock, swinginng or hanging container, swinging bridge'
ab tak'in ap'.ta'k'in [ta'k'in : iron] 'swinging bridge with steel cable'
tor e xukur jocotán 'cable footbridge over the Rio Jocotan'
ab_te' [te' : made of wood or plants] 'swinging bridge'
ak' 'covering, skin, ????, ?? something on another, load (tere??, cucuche),
thick growth of wild plants'
ak'ax 'spot or mark on the skin, spot without pigment'
ak'ax ubah 'general loss of pigmentation'
ak'ax uut 'loss of pigmentaiton in the face'
ak'ax lunar 'birthmark'
ayan en inte' ni ak'ax lunar 'I have a (my) birthmark'
ak' k'opot 'densely_growing weeds or shrub, spot completely covered with small
vegetation'
ak'_tun aq.tun 'large boulder, balanced boulder'
ak'ar 'charcoal'
ut ak'ar 'piece of charcoal'
uy_ak'arar e tah te' uyaq'arar e tah.te' 'pine charcoal'
uy_ak'arar e ch'oror uyarq'arar e ch'oror 'oak charcoal'
burut ak'ar 'burnt charcoal'
ak'ach 'chicken, any chicken_like bird'
uyar ak'ach 'chicken's young'
arak ak'ach 'domestic chicken'
uwihch'ok ak'ach 'young hen'
sarin ak'ach 'spotted chicken'
ak'ach k'opot 'yerba del pollo (wild L. herb)'
ak'ach te' 'frijolillo, moco de gallo (wild H. shrub)'
ak'in 'the clearing of wild vegetation from milpas and gardens'
nin_ak'in 'my milpa_clearing, my land_clearing'
utzner kak'aiyes kaak'in ucner kak'aiyes kaaq'in 'now we begin our (land) clearing'
ak'in chor 'milpa_clearing (before planting)'
ah ak'in chor 'one who clears off his milpa'
ak'inbir 'cleaned, cleared, readied fro planting'
uchor ak'inbir 'his cleared milpa, his milpa has been cleared'
ak'ni [aq'in_i] 'clear off wild vegetation (preparatory
to planting), weeds' [cl.2_1]
war inwak'ni nichor 'I am clearing my milpa'
inna'ta aankni inna'ta aanq'ni [in_aq'ni] 'I know how to clear milpa'
p. 452
ar 'mammal, animal (as opposed to plant), son of female speaker;
offspring, young [with poss. u_]
uy_ar 'one's (woman's) child, her son, its young'
uy_arob 'one's children, all its young, its litter'
uy_ar ihch'ok 'one's (woman's) female child'
ar am 'young of a spider'
uy_ar am 'its (spider's) young'
ar ak'ach 'chick' ar ihch'ok 'female child'
ar masa' 'fawn, young male deer'
ar mi's 'kitten'
ar sitz' 'male child'
uy_ar sitz' 'one's male child'
niy_ar sitz' 'my male child'
ar chab 'a large wild honey bee (aveja)'
ar chumpi' 'turkling <baby turkey>'
ar tz'i' ar.ci' 'puppy'
uyar tz'i' 'its pup''
uy_ar tz'i'ob uyar.cio'op' 'its litter of pups'
ar wakax 'calf, young bull'
ara 'force out, expel [cl.2_1]
uy_ara e k'u'm uyara e q'u'm 'she (the hen) lays an egg'
arah 'exude, emit (as sap), give birth [not used in reference to human birth;
see quxi ], lay an egg, yield (as fruit), produce' [cl.3_1]
wartoix aarah 'she has just laid (an egg)'
war aarob e te' 'the trees are exuding (sap)'
aran 'anything thrown or expelled'
arnah 'be exuded'
arnaar 'anything exuded, birthling, a laid egg'
ahrna'ar [ah_arnaar] 'animal newly_born'
arar [appears also as a'rar, and always with poss. u_], excretion, emission, sap,
juice (of plant or crushed fruit),
soup (made from fruit or vegetable)'
uyarar e bu'ur uyarar e p'uur 'bean soup'
uyarar e kar 'soup made of greens'
uyarar e tah te' 'pitch of pine tree'
uyarar e te' 'sap of tree'
uyarar e sik'ab 'sugarcane juice'
uyarar e ich 'juice of (crushed) chilli'
uyarar u tux 'lubricant of vagina'
uyarar u ti' 'saliva'
uyarar u ti' e ah much 'spume of a frog'
uyarar u ni' 'nasal mucous'
uyarar u kur uyarar uqur 'semen, any penis secretion'
uyarar u hor 'one's brains'
uyarar u k'uhtz' 'tobacco spittle (used in curing and divining)'
uyarar u nak' wut uyarar una'k' uut 'any eye excretion, tear(s)'
uyarar u yak' uyarar uya'k 'drool'
p. 453
uyarar sa' 'chilate (a maize gruel)'
arix 'already exuding, laid, yielded'
arak 'domestic animal, fowl, or insect; domestic, cultivated, tame'
uyarakob 'one's domestic animals'
ut niwarak 'my domestic animals, one of my animals'
arak ak'ach 'domestic chickens'
arak ich arak.i'ch 'any cultivated chilli'
arak sukchih 'any cultivated maguey (specifically maguey de Castilla)'
arak chitam 'European pig'
arak chumpi' 'domestic turkey'
arakes 'domesticate an animal or plant, tame an animal [Cl.2a]'
arakesbir 'domesticed, tamed, domestic animal'
ni warakesbir 'my domestic animals'
arakesyah arakesyaj 'raising of domesticated animals; animal breeding'
ah arakesyah 'animal raiser or breeder'
arakih 'raise domestic animals, keep animals' [Cl.3_1]
arakbar 'tamed, domesticated'
arakbar we'er 'domestic meat'
arakbar tz'i' 'tamed dog'
arakbar mut 'tamed bird'
aranxex [corr. of naranjas] 'grapefruit'
