Chʼing Administrative Terms : A Translation of the Terminology of the Six Boards, with Explanatory Notes

450 Pages·1961·9.576 MB·English, Chinese

by  Sun, E-tu Zen

HARVARD EAST ASIAN STUDIES
1. Chinas Early Industrialization: Sheng Hsuan'huai (1844-1916) and Мап'
darin Enterprise. By Albert Feuerwerker.
2. Intellectual Trends in the Ch'ing Period. By Liang Ch'i'ch'ao. Translation
by Immanuel С. Y. Hsü.
3. Reform in Sung China: Wang An-shih (1021-1086) and his Hew Policies.
By James T. С. Liu.
4. Studies on the Population of China, 1368-1953. By Ping-ti Ho.
5. China's Entrance into the Family of J^ations: The Dipbmatic Phase, 18S8-
1880. By Immanuel С. Y. Hsu.
6. The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China. By
Chow Tse'tsung.
7. Ch'ing Administrative Terms. Translated and edited by E-tu Zen Sun.
HARVARD EAST ASIAN STUDIES 7
The East Asian Research Center at Harvard Uni'
versity administers research projects designed
to further schokrly understanding of China,
Korea, Japan, and adjacent areas.
CH'ING
ADMINISTRATIVE TERMS
>
4p
Λ
të
H -a
^ fi
If
fi
Ch'ing
Administrative
Terms
A Translation of
The Terminology of the Six Boards
with Explanatory Notes
Translated and edited by
E-tu Zen Sun
HARVARD
UNIVERSITY PRESS
Cambridge · 1961
© Copyright, 1961, by the President and Fellows of Harvard College
All rights reserved
Distributed in Great Britain
by Oxford University Press, London
Preparation of this volume was aided
by a grant from the Ford Foundation
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 61Ί5279
Printed in the United States of America
With this book
the translator pays tribute to
Vassar College
on the occasion of its
centennial

CONTENTS
Introduction by John K. Fairbank xiii
Translator's Preface xvii
Translator's Note on General Procedures xxv
Item
Numbers
Chapter I. THE BOARD OF CIVIL APPOINTMENT
(Li-pu^^p )
1. Categories of appointment and transfer 1- 26
2. References to titles and merits 27- 38
3. Procedures in the capital for an appointee 39- 52
4. The appointee assumes office 53- 76
5. Scrutiny of officials 77- 96
6. Impeachment and punitive measures 97-138
7. Avoidance; retirement; further pxmitive measures 139-150
8. Absence; mourning 151-163
9. Legal documents 164-165
10. References to officials 166-201
11. Administration of tribal areas 202-208
12. Conventional opening phrases in official
documents 209-214
13. Evaluation of officials, I: phrases reporting
good deeds and some specific acts 215-252
14. Evaluation of officials, Π: phrases reporting
illegal or corrupt deeds 253-385
15. Some disciplinary acts 386-393
16. Terms concerning official documents 394-415
Chapter Π. THE BOARD OF REVENUE
(Hu-pu ^p )
1. Categories of taxes and fees 416-475
2. Money or silver in administration
A. Administrative expenses 476-487
Contents
B. Silver (I) 488- 499
C. Tax funds being processed: including
quota, collection, transfer , and delivery 500- 528
D. Deficits and delinquencies 529- 542
E. Bookkeeping terms 543- 587
F. Silver (II) 588- 598
3. The handling of tax funds (I): collection,
arrears, mismanagement, assessment 599- 644
4. The handling of tax funds (II): payments,
transfer, delivery, and retention 645- 690
5. The grain tribute system
A. Categories and descriptions of tribute
rice and grain 691- 731
B. Measuring, handling, and storing of
rice and grain 732- 791
C. The tribute grain in transit 792- 837
6. Rural officials 838- 845
7. Labor force 846- 848
8. Population
A. Concerning some ethnic minorities 849- 864
B. Census statuses and administration 865- 886
9. Relief administration 887- 920
10. The land
A, Types of land 921- 980
B. Taxation, measurement, and other
agricultural matters 981-1015
11. Some conventional phrases 1016-1032
12. The salt administration 1033-1086
vili
Contents
13. Other economic activities
Α. Trade 1087-1097
B. Coinage 1098-1107
C. Tea, etc. 1108-1113
14. Publications: types of official documents 1114-1154
15. Fiscal administration: acts and descriptive
pillases 1155-1199b
Chapter Ш. THE BOARD OF RITES
(Li-pu )
1. Sacrificial and state ceremonies 1200-1253
2. Astronomy and eclipses 1254-1266
3. Seals 1267-1271
4. Public examinations
A. Degrees; the administration and
procedures of examinations 1272-1326
B. Discipline and rewards 1327-1351
Chapter IV. THE BOARD OF WAR
(Ping-pu^L^I-p )
1. The military officialdom
A. Phrases describing meritorious officers 1352-1393
B. Some administrative terms 1394-14 06
C. Phrases describing acts of demerit 1407-1421
2. The actions and fortunes of war: intelligence,
army administration, the battlefield 1422-1547
3. Equipment and weapons 1548-1563
4. The military post system 1564-1602
5. The management of horses 1603--1636
6. Military examinations 1637-1646
IX