Chinese Local Elites and Patterns of Dominance

469 Pages·1993·8.195 MB·English

by  Joseph W. Esherick

Chinese Local Elites
and
Patterns of Dominance
This volume was sponsored, by the Joint Committee on Chinese Studies
of the American Council of Learned Societies and the Social Science Re­
search Coundl, with funds provided by the National Endowmentfor the
Humanities and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.
Chinese Local Elites
and
Patterns of Dominance
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EDITED BY
Joseph W. Esherick
and
Mary Backus Rankin
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS
Berkeley Los Angeles London
University of California Press
Berkeley and Los Angeles, California
University of California Press, Ltd.
London, England
© 1990 by
The Regents of the University of California
First Paperback Printing 1993
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Chinese local elites and patterns of dominance / edited by Joseph W.
Esherick and Mary Backus Rankin,
p. cm.— (Studies on China; 11)
Rev. versions of papers presented at the Conference on Chinese
Local Elites and Patterns of Dominance held in Aug. 1987 at Banff,
Canada; sponsored by the Joint Committee on Chinese Studies of
the American Council of Learned Societies and the Social Science
Research Council.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN 0-520-08434-9
1. Elite (Social sciences)—China—Congresses. 2. China—Social
conditions—Congresses. I. Esherick, Joseph. II. Rankin, Mary
Backus. III. Joint Committee on Chinese Studies (U.S.)
IV. Conference on Chinese Local Elites and Patterns of Dominance
(1987: Banff, Alta.) V. Series.
HN740.Z9E426 1990
305.5'52/095109045—dc20 89-20258
CIP
Printed in the United States of America
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of
Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. © ™
STUDIES ON CHINA
A series of conference volumes sponsored by
the Joint Committee on Chinese Studies of the
American Council of Learned Studies and the
Social Science Research Council.
1. Origins of Chinese Civilization
edited by David N. Keightley, 1982
2. Popular Chinese Literature and Performing
Arts in the People’s Republic of China,
1949-1979
edited by Bonnie S. McDougall, 1984
3. Class and Social Stratification in
Post-Revolution China
edited by James L. Watson, 1984
4. Popular Culture in Late Imperial China
edited by David Johnson, Andrew J. Nathan, and
Evelyn S. Rawski, 1985
5. Kinship Organizatin in Late Imperial
China, 1000-1940
edited by Patricia Buckley Ebrey and
James L. Watson, 1986
6. The Vitality of the Lyric Voice:
Shih Poetry from the Late Han to the T’ang
edited by Shuen-fu Lin and Stephen Owen, 1986
1. Policy Implementation in Post-Mao China
edited by David M. Lampton, 1987
8. Death Ritual in Late Imperial and
Modern China
edited by James L. Watson and
Evelyn S. Rawski, 1988
9. Neo-Confucian Education:
The Formative Stage
edited by Wm. Theodore de Bary and
John W Chaffee, 1989
10. Orthodoxy in Late Imperial China
edited by Kwang-Ching Liu, 1989
11. Chinese Local Elites and Patterns
of Dominance
edited by Joseph W Esherick and
Mary Backus Rankin, 1990
12. Marriage and Inequality
in Chinese Society
edited by Rubie S. Watson and
Patricia Buckley, 1991
13. Chinese History in Economic Perspective
edited by Thomas Rawski and
Lillian M. Li, 1992
14. Bureaucracy, Politics, & Decision Making
in Post-Mao China
edited by Kenneth Lieberthal and
David M. Lampton, 1991
15. Pilgrims and Sacred Sites in China
edited by Susan Naquin and Chun-Fang Yü, 1992
16. Ordering the World: Approaches to
State and Society in Sung Dynasty China
edited by Robert Hymes and
Conrad Schirokauer, 1993
17. Chinese Families in the Post-Mao Era
edited by Deborah Davis and
Stevan Harrell, 1993
18. Voices of the Song Lyric in China
edited by Pauline Yu, 1993
CONTENTS
/ ix
LIST OF TABLES
/ xi
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
/ xiii
PREFACE
/ xvi
CONTRIBUTORS
Introduction
Joseph W. Esherick and Mary Backus Rankin/1
PART I: LATE IMPERIAL ELITES
1. Family Continuity and Cultural Hegemony:
The Gentry ofNingbo, 1368-1911
Timothy Brook/27
2. Success Stories: Lineage and Elite Status in Hanyang County,
Hubei, c. 1368-1949
William T. Rowe/51
3. The Rise and Fall of the Fu-Rong Salt-Yard Elite:
Merchant Dominance in Late Qing China
Madeleine Zelin/82
PART II: LOCAL ELITES IN TRANSITION
4. From Comprador to County Magnate:
Bourgeois Practice in the Wuxi County Silk Industry
Lynda S. Bell/113
5. Power, Legitimacy, and Symbol:
Local Elites and the Jute Creek Embankment Case
R. Keith Schoppa/140
vu
CONTENTS
6. Local Military Power and Elite Formation:
The Liu Family of Xingyi County, Guizhou
Edward A. McCord/ 162
PART III: REPUBLICAN ELITES AND POLITICAL POWER
7. Patterns of Power: Forty Years of
Elite Politics in a Chinese County
Lenore Barkan/191
8. Mediation, Representation, and Repression: Local Elites in 1920s Beijing
David Strand/216
PART IV: VILLAGE ELITES AND REVOLUTION
9. Corporate Property and Local Leadership in the
Pearl River Delta, 1898-1941
Ruble S. Watson/239
10. Elites and the Structures of Authority in the
Villages of North China, 1900-1949
Prasenjit Duara/261
11. Local Elites and Communist Revolution in the
Jiangxi Hill Country
Stephen C. Averill/282
Concluding Remarks
Mary Backus Rankin and Joseph W. Esherick/305
n o te s /347
GLOSSARY / 399
BIBLIOGRAPHY / 411
INDEX / 445
TABLES
i. i The Greater Gentry Lineages of Yin County, 13 71 -1904 / 35
2. i Establishment of Lineages in Hanyang and Contiguous Counties / 55
2.2 Upper-Level Civil Examination Passes in Hanyang County, by Surname,
1644-1867 / 60
9.1 Major Ancestral Estate Zu and Tang Landholdings for 1905 in
Ha Tsuen Subdistrict / 246
ix