China in an Era of Transition: Understanding Contemporary State and Society Actors

245 Pages·2009·1.33 MB·English

by  Reza Hasmath

China in an Era of Transition
99778800223300661133550088ttss0011..iinndddd ii 11//22//22000099 77::1122::0055 PPMM
This page intentionally left blank
China in an Era of Transition
Understanding Contemporary State and
Society Actors
Edited by
Reza Hasmath and Jennifer Hsu
99778800223300661133550088ttss0011..iinndddd iiiiii 11//22//22000099 77::1122::0055 PPMM
CHINA IN AN ERA OF TRANSITION
Copyright © Reza Hasmath and Jennifer Hsu, 2009.
All rights reserved.
First published in 2009 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN®
in the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC,
175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010.
Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world,
this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited,
registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills,
Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS.
Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies
and has companies and representatives throughout the world.
Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States,
the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries.
ISBN-13: 978–0–230–61350–8
ISBN-10: 0–230–61350–0
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
China in an era of transition: understanding contemporary state and
society actors / [edited by] Reza Hasmath and Jennifer Hsu.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0–230–61350–0
1. China—Social conditions—2000– 2. China—Economic conditions—
2000– 3. China—Politics and government—2002– I. Hasmath, Reza.
II. Hsu, Jennifer.
HN733.5.C4295 2008
306.0951—dc22 2008035082
A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library.
Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India.
First edition: April 2009
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in the United States of America.
99778800223300661133550088ttss0011..iinndddd iivv 11//22//22000099 77::1122::0055 PPMM
Contents
List of Figures and Tables vii
List of Abbreviations ix
Introduction 1
Reza Hasmath and Jennifer Hsu
One Reclaiming Authority: The Narrative Politics of
Lost Privilege in Contemporary China 5
Jennifer Hubbert
Two The Gendered Effects of Market Reforms 25
Carrie Liu Currier
Three Developing Minority Nationalities in
Contemporary Urban China 45
Reza Hasmath
Four Abstracting the City: Urbanization and
the “Opening-Up” Process in China 61
Ian Morley
Five The Dual System of Land Use Policy and
Its Related Problems in Contemporary China 79
Xiaogang Deng, Lening Zhang, and Andrea Leverentz
Six Contesting Urban Space: Development of
Chengzhongcun in China’s Transitional Cities 103
Li Zhang
Seven A State Creation? Civil Society and
Migrant Organizations 127
Jennifer Hsu
Eight Stretching Away from the State: NGO Emergence and
Dual Identity in a Chinese Government Institution 145
Paul Thiers
99778800223300661133550088ttss0011..iinndddd vv 11//22//22000099 77::1122::0055 PPMM
vi / Contents
Nine Red Capitalist: The Rising Chinese Private Entrepreneurs 165
Jing Yang
Ten The Taiwanese Business Community:
A Catalyst or Virus for Chinese Development? 191
Joshua Su-Ya Wu
Eleven China’s Cyber Forums and Their Influence on
Foreign Policymaking 209
Junhao Hong
List of Contributors 229
Index 231
99778800223300661133550088ttss0011..iinndddd vvii 11//22//22000099 77::1122::0055 PPMM
Figures and Tables
Figures
5.1 Number of land law violations and involved areas
(in hectares) and number of social unrests, 1999–2004 86
5.2 Percentages of involved areas by institutional and
individual offenders 87
5.3 Average area of land law violations by officials at
different levels of government, 1999–2004 88
Tables
3.1 Education attainment by ethnic population in Beijing 53
3.2 Occupation and avg. gross income per annum by
ethnic population in Beijing 55
6.1 Housing types of temporary population 107
6.2 Housing construction costs and rental income in
selected chengzhongcun, Guangzhou city 112
6.3 The standard of compensation for redevelopment in
Shenzhen city, 2004 119
9.1 Information of enterprises in the survey: 2002, 2004, 2006 174
9.2 Background information of entrepreneurs in the
merged data 175
9.3 Attribute of CPC members among private entrepreneurs
(Multinomial logistic regression) 178
9.4 Proportion of private entrepreneurs who rank their
economic, social, and political status higher than
“average” and the correlation between
the rankings 183
10.1 Comparison of provincial CCI against
the national average CCI (1997–2005) 200
99778800223300661133550088ttss0011..iinndddd vviiii 11//22//22000099 77::1122::0066 PPMM
viii / Figures and Tables
10.2 Comparison of increase in provincial fiscal
expenditures against the national average (1995–2005) 201
10.3 Comparison of change in EDI by province against
the national average (1991–2005) 202
99778800223300661133550088ttss0011..iinndddd vviiiiii 11//22//22000099 77::1122::0066 PPMM
Abbreviations
ACFTU All-China Federation of Trade Unions
ACWF All-China Women’s Federation
BBS Bulletin Board Site
BLAOMW Beijing Legal Aid Office for Migrant Workers
CBD Central Business District
CCI Conspicuous Consumption Index
CCYL Chinese Communist Youth League
CEA Chinese Ecological Agriculture Movement
CMC Compassion for Migrant Children
CPC Communist Party of China
CSO Civil Society Organization
EDI Expenditures Disparity Index
FUSVA Fudan University Student Volunteers Association
GMO Genetically modified organism
GONGO Government-organized Nongovernmental Organization
GYZJ Gongyou Zhijia
HWEI High-wage, education-intensive
IFOAM International Federation of Organic Agriculture
Movements
IOE Individually Owned Enterprises
LHA Loving Heart Association
MOA Ministry of Agriculture
NGO Nongovernmental Organization
NIES Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences
OCIA Organic Crop Improvement Association
OFDC Organic Food Development Center
PRC People’s Republic of China
RAJY Reai Jiayuan
RBF Rockefeller Brothers Fund
SEPA State Environmental Protection Agency
SEZ Special Economic Zone
SOE State-owned Enterprise
99778800223300661133550088ttss0011..iinndddd iixx 11//22//22000099 77::1122::0066 PPMM