Chiefdom Politics and Alien Law: Basutoland under Cape Rule, 1871–1884: Basutoland under Cape Rule 1871–1884

281 Pages·1981·27.96 MB·English

by  Sandra Burman (auth.)

CHIEFDOM POLITICS AND ALIEN LAW
St Antony's! Macmillan Series
General editor: Archie Brown, Fellow of St Antony's College,
Oxford
This new series contains academic books written or edited by
members of St Antony's College, Oxford, or by authors with a
special association with the College. The titles are selected by an
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represented.
Titles already published or in the press are listed below, and there
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S. B. Burman CHIEFDOM POLITICS AND ALIEN LAW
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Rosemary Thorp and Laurence Whitehead (editors)
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LATIN AMERICA
Rudolf L. Tokes (editor) OPPOSITION IN EASTERN
EUROPE
T. H. Rigby and Ferenc Feher POLITICAL LEGITIMATION IN
COMMUNIST STATES
MASOPHA
CHIEFDOM POLITICS
AND ALIEN LAW:
BASUTOLAND UNDER
CAPE RULE, I87I-I884
Sandra Burman
in association with
Palgrave Macmillan
© Sandra Burman I g8 I
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1981 978-0-333-26442-3
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
without permission
First published Ig8I fry
THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD
London and Basingstoke
Companies and representatives
throughout the world
ISBN 978-1-349-04641-6 ISBN 978-1-349-04639-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-04639-3
For my parents
Contents
Masopha Frontispiece
List of Maps Vl
List of Plates Vll
Acknowledgements lX
List of Abbreviations X
A Note on Names and Orthography Xl
Glossary of Sotho Terms xu
Introduction
I Creating a Nation 5
2 Conflicting Values I7
3 Interregnum 35
4 The Cape Administration 49
5 Neutralising the Chiefs 6I
6 Winning over the People 75
7 Changing the Law 9I
8 Prophesies IOO
9 Moorosi Rebels 108
IO The Collapse of Magisterial Rule I32
I I Defeating Disarmament I48
I2 The Triumph of the Chiefs I62
Epilogue I85
Notes I92
Bibliography 229
Index 245
v
List of Maps
Map 1 Southern Africa in 1966 (Lesotho Independence) XIV
Map 2 Map of Basutoland, drawn in 1888, showing
the topography
Map 3 Map of Basutoland in the nineteenth century
Map 4 Map ofBasutoland, drawn in July 1871,
showing magisterial districts 51
Map 5 The Moorosi Rebellion 109
Map 6 Basutoland after the War of the Guns, showing
magisterial districts
VI
List of Plates
Moshoeshoe and some of his advisers
2 Letsie in I 845
3 Molapo in I 845
4 Masopha in uniform with his standard bearer
5 Masopha at a pitso
6 Nehemiah Moshoeshoe (Sekhonyana)
7 Sofonia Moshoeshoe (Pii)
8 Tsekelo Moshoeshoe
9 Lerotholi
I o Lerotholi and some of his advisers
I I Joel Molapo
I 2 Jonathan Molapo
I3 Jonathan Molapo leading a war dance
I 4 RaMatseatsana
15 Moorosi, chief of the Phuthi
I6 Nkoebi Letsie
I 7 Eugene Casalis
I 8 Dr Eugene Casalis
I 9 Fran~ois Coillard
20 Adolphe Mabille
2I Adele Mabille
22 John Widdicombe
23 Sir Philip Wodehouse
24 Sir Henry Barkly
25 Sir Bartle Frere
26 Sir Hercules Robinson
27 John Gordan Sprigg
28 William Ayliff
29 Jacobus Wilhelmus Sauer
30 John Xavier Merriman
3 I Charles Duncan Griffith
32 Hamilton Hope
33 Fanny Barkly
vii
List cif Plates
Vlll
34 Arthur Barkly
35 Charles Harland Bell
36 Charles George Harland Bell
37 Dr Henry Shinglewood Taylor
38 Joseph Orpen
39 Charles George Gordon ('Chinese Gordon')
40 Matthew Smith Blyth
4 I Marshall Clarke
42 Thaba-Baosiu, Masopha's stronghold
43 Matsieng, Letsie's village
44 Molapo's house near Leribe
45 Headquarters camp under Moorosi's stronghold during the
siege
46 The capture of Moorosi's mountain: the final assault
47 Maseru in the Gun War, December I88o
48 Fort Bell, Hlotse Heights, in the Gun War
Plates, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20, 2 I and 38 are by courtesy of Rev.
A. Brutsch and the Archives of the Lesotho Evangelical Church,
Morija. The jacket picture ofFrere and plates 4, 23 and 4I are from
G Lagden, The Basutos (London, 1909). Plates I2 and 37 are from
P. Hadley (ed.), Doctor to Basuto, Boer and Briton I87J-Igo6 (Cape
Town, I 972). Plate I 5 is by courtesy of Dr P. B. Sanders. Plates I 6,
24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,30 and 45 are from Cape Archives, Cape Town.
Plate I7 is from H. Dieterlen, Eugene Casalis (I8I2-I89I) (Paris,
I93o). Plate I9 is from E. Favre, Les vingt-cinq ans de Coillard au
Lessouto (Paris, I 93 I ) . Pia te 2 2 is from Basutoland Notes and Records.
Plate 33 is by courtesy ofMr Karl Wayne. Plate 34 is by courtesy of
Mrs K. Nixon-Eckersall. Plate 39 is from A. Nutting, Gordon, Marryr
and Misfit (London, I966). Plate 43 is from H. Dieterlen, Adolphe
Mabille ( I8j6-1894) (Paris, I 933). Plate 4 7 is from Lesotho
Archives, Maseru.