Chemistry Education: Best Practices, Opportunities and Trends

795 Pages·2015·8.67 MB·English

by  Javier García-Martínez

Editedby
JavierGarc´ıa-Mart´ınezand
ElenaSerrano-Torregrosa
ChemistryEducation
RelatedTitles
Garc´ıa-Mart´ınez,J.,Li,K.(eds.) Armaroli,N.,Balzani,V.,Serpone,N.
MesoporousZeolites PoweringPlanetEarth
Preparation,Characterizationand EnergySolutionsfortheFuture
Applications
2013
2015 ISBN:978-3-527-33409-4
ISBN:978-3-527-33574-9
Quadbeck-Seeger,H.-J.
Garc´ıa-Mart´ınez,J.(ed.)
WorldoftheElements
Nanotechnologyforthe
ElementsoftheWorld
EnergyChallenge
2ndEdition 2007
ISBN:978-3-527-32065-3
2013
ISBN:978-3-527-33380-6 Ebel,H.F.,Bliefert,C.,Russey,W.E.
TheArtofScientificWriting
Garc´ıa-Mart´ınez,J.,Serrano-Torregrosa,E.
(eds.) FromStudentReportstoProfessional
PublicationsinChemistryandRelated
TheChemicalElement
Fields
Chemistry’sContributiontoOurGlobal 2ndEdition
Future
2004
2011 ISBN:978-3-527-29829-7
ISBN:978-3-527-32880-2
EditedbyJavierGarc´ıa-Mart´ınezand
ElenaSerrano-Torregrosa
Chemistry Education
BestPractices,OpportunitiesandTrends
WithaForewordbyPeterAtkins
TheEditors AllbookspublishedbyWiley-VCHare
carefullyproduced.Nevertheless,authors,
Prof.Dr.JavierGarc´ıa-Mart´ınez editors,andpublisherdonotwarrantthe
UniversityofAlicante informationcontainedinthesebooks,
DepartmentofInorganicChemistry includingthisbook,tobefreeoferrors.
CampusdeSanVicentedelRaspeig Readersareadvisedtokeepinmindthat
03690SanVincentedelRaspeig statements,data,illustrations,procedural
Alicante detailsorotheritemsmayinadvertently
Spain beinaccurate.
Dr.ElenaSerrano-Torregrosa LibraryofCongressCardNo.:appliedfor
UniversityofAlicante
DepartmentofInorganicChemistry BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-Publication
CampusdeSanVicentedelRaspeig Data
03690SanVincentedelRaspeig Acataloguerecordforthisbookis
Alicante availablefromtheBritishLibrary.
Spain
Bibliographicinformationpublishedbythe
DeutscheNationalbibliothek
Cover:(c)fotolia TheDeutscheNationalbibliothek
liststhispublicationintheDeutsche
Nationalbibliografie;detailed
bibliographicdataareavailableonthe
Internetat<http://dnb.d-nb.de>.
©2015Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.
KGaA,Boschstr.12,69469Weinheim,
Germany
Allrightsreserved(includingthoseof
translationintootherlanguages).Nopart
ofthisbookmaybereproducedinany
form–byphotoprinting,microfilm,
oranyothermeans–nortransmitted
ortranslatedintoamachinelanguage
withoutwrittenpermissionfromthe
publishers.Registerednames,trademarks,
etc.usedinthisbook,evenwhennot
specificallymarkedassuch,arenottobe
consideredunprotectedbylaw.
PrintISBN:978-3-527-33605-0
ePDFISBN:978-3-527-67933-1
ePubISBN:978-3-527-67932-4
MobiISBN:978-3-527-67931-7
oBookISBN:978-3-527-67930-0
CoverDesign Grafik-DesignSchulz
Typesetting LaserwordsPrivateLimited,
Chennai,India
PrintingandBinding MarkonoPrint
MediaPteLtd,Singapore
Printedonacid-freepaper
V
Contents
Foreword XXI
Preface XXV
ListofContributors XXXIII
PartI:ChemistryEducation:AGlobalEndeavour 1
1 ChemistryEducationandHumanActivity 3
PeterMahaffy
1.1 Overview 3
1.2 ChemistryEducationandHumanActivity 3
1.3 AVisualMetaphor:TetrahedralChemistryEducation 4
1.4 ThreeEmphasesonHumanActivityinChemistryEducation 5
1.4.1 TheHumanActivityofLearningandTeachingChemistry 6
1.4.1.1 AtomsorLearnersFirst? 6
1.4.1.2 IdentifyingLearnersandDesigningCurriculumtoMeetTheir
Needs 7
1.4.1.3 EffectivePracticesintheHumanActivityofLearningandTeaching
Chemistry 8
1.4.1.4 IdentifyingandEliminatingWorstPracticesasaStrategy? 8
1.4.1.5 Exemplar:EmphasizingtheHumanActivityofLearningand
TeachingChemistry 9
1.4.2 TheHumanActivityofCarryingOutChemistry 10
1.4.2.1 ExplicitandImplicitMessagesabouttheNatureofChemistry 10
1.4.2.2 BreathingtheLifeofImaginationintoChemistry’sFacts 11
1.4.2.3 Exemplars:EmphasizingtheHumanActivityofCarryingOut
Chemistry 13
1.4.3 ChemistryEducationintheAnthropoceneEpoch 14
1.4.3.1 PlanetaryBoundaries:AChemistryCourseOutline? 15
1.4.3.2 StepstowardAnthropocene-AwareChemistryEducation 16
1.4.3.3 Exemplars:Anthropocene-AwareChemistryEducation 17
1.5 TeachingandLearningfromRichContexts 18
1.5.1 DivingintoanOceanofConceptsRelatedtoAcid–Base
Chemistry 18
VI Contents
1.5.2 WhatIsTeachingandLearningfromRichContexts? 20
1.5.3 TeachingandLearningfromRichContexts–Evidencefor
Effectiveness 21
1.5.4 From“Chemical”to“Chemistry”Education–Barriersto
Change 22
Acknowledgments 23
References 24
2 ChemistryEducationThatMakesConnections:
OurResponsibilities 27
CathyMiddlecamp
2.1 WhatThisChapterIsAbout 27
2.2 Story#1:DoesThisPlaneHaveWings? 28
2.3 Story#2:CoachingStudentsto“See”theInvisible 30
2.4 Story#3:DesigningSuper-LearningEnvironmentsforOur
Students 34
2.5 Story#4:ConnectionstoPublicHealth(MatthewFisher) 37
2.6 Story#5:GreenChemistryConnections(RichardSheardy) 39
2.7 Story#6:ConnectionstoCardboard(GaronSmith) 41
2.8 Story#7:WisdomfromtheBikeTrail 44
2.9 Conclusion:TheResponsibilityto“ConnecttheDots” 46
References 48
3 TheConnectionbetweentheLocalChemistryCurriculumand
ChemistryTermsintheGlobalNews:TheGlocalization
Perspective 51
Mei-HungChiuandChin-ChengChou
3.1 Introduction 51
3.2 UnderstandingScientificLiteracy 52
3.3 IntroductionofTeachingKeywords-BasedRecommendation
System 55
3.4 Method 56
3.5 Results 57
3.5.1 Example1:GlobalWarming 57
3.5.2 Example2:Sustainability 57
3.5.3 Example3:Energy 58
3.5.4 Example4:Acid 59
3.5.5 Example5:AtomicStructure 60
3.5.6 Example6:ChemicalEquilibrium 61
3.5.7 Example7:Ethylene 62
3.5.8 Example8:Melamine 63
3.5.9 Example9:Nano 64
3.6 ConcludingRemarksandDiscussion 65
3.7 ImplicationsforChemistryEducation 68
Acknowledgment 70
References 70
Contents VII
4 ChangingPerspectivesontheUndergraduateChemistry
Curriculum 73
MartinJ.Goedhart
4.1 TheTraditionalUndergraduateCurriculum 73
4.2 ACallforInnovation 74
4.2.1 ConstructivismandResearchonStudentLearning 74
4.2.2 NewTechnologies 76
4.2.3 TheEvolvingNatureofChemistry 77
4.2.4 DevelopmentsinSocietyandUniversities 77
4.3 ImplementationofNewTeachingMethods 78
4.3.1 TheInteractiveLecture 79
4.3.2 Problem-andInquiry-BasedTeaching 80
4.3.3 Research-BasedTeaching 80
4.3.4 Competency-BasedTeaching 81
4.4 ACompetency-BasedUndergraduateCurriculum 83
4.4.1 TheStructureoftheCurriculum 84
4.4.2 CompetencyAreaofAnalysis 86
4.4.3 CompetencyAreaofSynthesis 88
4.4.4 CompetencyAreaofModeling 89
4.4.5 TheRoadtoaCompetency-BasedCurriculum 90
4.5 ConclusionsandOutlook 92
References 93
5 EmpoweringChemistryTeachers’Learning:PracticesandNew
Challenges 99
JanH.vanDrielandOnnodeJong
5.1 Introduction 99
5.2 ChemistryTeachers’ProfessionalKnowledgeBase 102
5.2.1 TheKnowledgeBaseforTeaching 102
5.2.2 ChemistryTeachers’ProfessionalKnowledge 103
5.2.3 DevelopmentofChemistryTeachers’ProfessionalKnowledge 105
5.3 EmpoweringChemistryTeacherstoTeachChallengingIssues 107
5.3.1 EmpoweringChemistryTeachersforContext-BasedTeaching 107
5.3.2 EmpoweringChemistryTeacherstoTeachaboutModelsand
Modeling 109
5.3.3 EmpoweringChemistryTeacherstoUseComputer-Based
TechnologiesforTeaching 111
5.4 NewChallengesandOpportunitiestoEmpowerChemistryTeachers’
Learning 113
5.4.1 BecomingaLifelongResearch-OrientedChemistryTeacher 113
5.4.2 LearningCommunitiesasaTooltoEmpowerChemistryTeachers’
Learning 114
5.5 FinalConclusionsandFutureTrends 116
References 118
VIII Contents
6 LifelongLearning:ApproachestoIncreasingtheUnderstandingof
ChemistrybyEverybody 123
JohnK.GilbertandAnaSofiaAfonso
6.1 ThePermanentSignificanceofChemistry 123
6.2 ProvidingOpportunitiesfortheLifelongLearningof
Chemistry 123
6.2.1 ImprovingSchool-LevelFormalChemistryEducation 123
6.2.2 FormalLifelongChemicalEducation 125
6.2.3 InformalChemicalEducation 126
6.2.4 EmphasesintheProvisionofLifelongChemicalEducation 127
6.3 TheContentandPresentationofIdeasforLifelongChemical
Education 129
6.3.1 TheContentofLifelongChemicalEducation 129
6.3.2 ThePresentationofChemistrytoDiversePopulations 130
6.4 PedagogytoSupportLifelongLearning 131
6.5 CriteriafortheSelectionofMediaforLifelongChemical
Education 133
6.6 ScienceMuseumsandScienceCenters 133
6.6.1 Museums 133
6.6.2 ScienceCenters 134
6.7 PrintMedia:NewspapersandMagazines 134
6.8 PrintMedia:PopularBooks 135
6.9 PrintedMedia:Cartoons,Comics,andGraphicNovels 136
6.9.1 ThreeAlliedGenre 136
6.9.2 TheGraphicNovel 137
6.9.3 TheEducationalUseofGraphicNovelsinScienceEducation 138
6.9.4 CaseStudy:AGraphicNovelConcernedwithCancer
Chemotherapy 140
6.10 RadioandTelevision 140
6.11 DigitalEnvironments 141
6.12 CitizenScience 143
6.13 AnOverview:BringingAboutBetterOpportunitiesforLifelong
ChemicalEducation 144
References 146
PartII:BestPracticesandInnovativeStrategies 149
7 UsingChemistryEducationResearchtoInformTeachingStrategies
andDesignofInstructionalMaterials 151
RenéeCole
7.1 Introduction 151
7.2 ResearchintoStudentLearning 153
7.3 ConnectingResearchtoPractice 154
7.3.1 Misconceptions 154
7.3.2 StudentResponseSystems 157