Characterization and consumer acceptance of white striping in broiler breast fillets

203 Pages·2016·2.99 MB·English

by  Vivek Ayamchirakkunnel Kuttappan

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Graduate Theses and Dissertations
8-2012
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Vivek Ayamchirakkunnel Kuttappan
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
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CHARACTERIZATION AND CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF WHITE STRIPING IN
BROILER BREAST FILLETS
CHARACTERIZATION AND CONSUMER ACCEPTANCE OF WHITE STRIPING IN
BROILER BREAST FILLETS

A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy in Poultry Science

By

Vivek Ayamchirakkunnel Kuttappan
Kerala Agricultural University
Bachelor of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, 2004
Kerala Agricultural University
Master of Veterinary Science in Livestock Products Technology, 2006

August 2012
University of Arkansas
ABSTRACT
White striping is an emerging issue in the broiler meat industry which causes concerns
among the producers. The condition is characterized by the occurrence of white striations,
parallel to the direction of muscle fibers, mainly in broiler breast fillets and thighs. Fillets can be
categorized as NORM (normal or no striping), MOD (moderate) and SEV (severe) depending on
the degree of white striping. As a result of few previous research studies on the condition, there
is no information available on the impact of white striping on the consumer acceptance and
various meat quality attributes. Our hypothesis was that the occurrence of the condition could be
associated with tissue changes in meat and the physical appearance of the striations on the meat
may affect the purchase intent of the product. The present study was intended to determine the
consumer acceptance, meat quality and pathological changes associated with different degrees of
white striping. The effects of growth rate, strain, gender, and dietary vitamin E level on the
occurrence of condition were also evaluated. The results from the present study showed that
MOD and SEV degrees of white striping reduced (P < 0.05) the consumer acceptance of the
broiler breast fillets due to its marbled or fatty appearance. However, the condition did not show
(P > 0.05) any effect on cooked meat quality attributes, mainly tenderness. Serologic profile and
the histopathological findings indicated chronic myopathic tissue changes associated with higher
degrees of white striping. These tissue changes were also manifested as increase in fat (P < 0.05)
and decrease (P < 0.05) in protein contents as the degree of white striping increased from NORM
to SEV. The occurrence of MOD and SEV degrees was closely associated (P < 0.05) with
heavier birds or increased growth rate in broilers. Nonetheless, the incidence of the condition
showed neither any strain/gender predilection nor relation to dietary vitamin E level. In
conclusion, white striping is a growth associated myopathic condition seen in fast growing
broiler birds which can affect the consumer acceptance and proximate composition of broiler
breast fillets.
This dissertation is approved for recommendation
to the Graduate Council

Dissertation Director:

(Dr. Casey M. Owens)

Dissertation Committee:

(Dr. Jean-François Meullenet)

(Dr. Billy M. Hargis)

(Dr. Jason K. Apple)
DISSERTATION DUPLICATION RELEASE

I hereby authorize the University of Arkansas Libraries to duplicate this thesis when
needed for research and/or scholarship.

Agreed
(Vivek Ayamchirakkunnel Kuttappan)

Refused
(Vivek Ayamchirakkunnel Kuttappan)
ACKNOWLEGEMENTS

I deem it as a great opportunity in my life to pursue a PhD in Poultry Science from
world’s best institution, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas,
Fayetteville. It is of immense pleasure to submit this dissertation for the realization of my dream,
adding aninfinitesimally small drop to the Cosmic Ocean of Knowledge. At this moment of
supreme triumph in my career, I am really humbled and thankfully remember the people who
helped, supported, inspired and trusted me. I use this opportunity to record my deepest sense of
acknowledge to all concerned.
First of all, I would like to express my obligation and heartfelt indebtness to my major
advisor Dr. Casey Owens Hanning for providing me the wonderful opportunity to be a part of
her research program. The successful culmination of my program would not have happened
without her meticulous guidance, incessant support and valuable suggestions through out my
study and research. My honest reverence and thanksfor her trust in me and the liberty she gave
me which helped to explore a great deal in my challenging research project.
Let me express my grateful acknowledge to Dr. Jean-François Meullenet for the generous
help, kind co-operation, tremendous patience and tiring efforts offered by him during various
stages of my research. I learned a lot of things from him, especially how to take pleasure in
analyzing the data. I owe a great deal to Dr. Billy M. Hargis who always rendered me precious
suggestions, creative criticisms and affectionate encouragement. His inspiring comments helped
me a lot to overcome the hurdles for the completion of this research. Dr. Jason K. Apple always
gave a warm welcome to discuss my data, answering my crazy questions and guiding me through
the right path in my research. I am really obliged to him for the sincere efforts and hereby
express my deepest acknowlegdement for his munificent support, unstinted help and pleasant co-
operation.
I would like to extend my special thanks to Drs. Marcy, Clark, Andy, Waldroup, Coon,
Huff, Wideman, Bottje, Lee, Shivaprasad, Erf, Valentine, Shaw, McKee, and Emmert for the
wholehearted and indispensable support which gave me the strength to get over the toughest
moments encountered at various times during this voyage. I will always treasure the
magnanimous care experienced from Donna Delozier and Nanping Wang so that I never felt I
am away from my home. With great fondness, I express my feeling of gratefulness to my
colleagues Valerie, Geetha, Catalina, Sandro, Sarah, Changi, Franco, Claudia, Sunil, Danny,
Mirosh, Godshen, Arun, Nikhil, and all others for the openhanded help, concern and
indomitable encouragement at all times. It is my responsibility to appreciatively remember the
timely help and support provided by the staffs at Department of Poultry Science, Feed mill,
Poultry farm and Poultry processing pilot plant. I acknowledge the support of Cobb-Vantress,
Inc. (Siloam Springs, AR) and the University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture (Fayetteville,
AR) throughout this study.
No words are enough to express my sincere and heartfelt gratitude to my beloved parents
who rendered their prayers, support, encouragement and even a great part of their life for my
well being. Foremost, I bow before the Almighty for the divine guidance, constant protection and
blessings showered upon me all the way through my life.