Cerebral Palsy: A Multidisciplinary Approach

347 Pages·2018·10.86 MB·English

Christos P. Panteliadis
Editor
Cerebral Palsy
A Multidisciplinary
Approach
Third Edition
123
Cerebral Palsy
Christos P. Panteliadis
Editor
Cerebral Palsy
A Multidisciplinary Approach
Third Edition
Editor
Christos P. Panteliadis
Division of Paediatric Neurology
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Division of Paediatric Neurology
Thessaloniki, Greece
ISBN 978-3-319-67857-3 ISBN 978-3-319-67858-0 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67858-0
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017964310
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Preface to the Third Edition
Six years has passed since the release of the second edition of the book
Cerebral Palsy: A Multidisciplinary Approach. There was a good response
from the readership, and the text was also translated into the Turkish lan-
guage. As the scientific knowledge of the early diagnosis, management and
rehabilitation of cerebral palsy has expanded since 2011, the production of
the third edition of this book was inevitable as a means of incorporating all of
the latest data and nuances.
New distinguished authors from around the world, along with many
authors of the second edition, have provided sharper and more acute dimen-
sions to the overall upgraded version of this book. All of the chapters have
been revised and updated, and new chapters have been added.
The editor would like to thank all of the expert authors for their invaluable
input, cooperation and patience towards the successful realization of this
project and the publisher Springer Medicine Books, Continental, Europe &
UK for the unwavering commitment in disseminating medical knowledge.
Special thanks to Christos Livanos from Thessaloniki, for his relentless
administrative assistance.
Thessaloniki, Greece Christos P. Panteliadis
v
Preface to the Second Edition
Brain damage of the foetal and early infant brain, clinically presented as cere-
bral palsy, results from a diversity of aetiologies, manifesting as different
clinical pictures, and follows different clinical courses demanding for an
interdisciplinary treatment. This book systematically reviews the recent
developments of diagnosis and treatment of cerebral palsy. It was written by
an international team of specialists, including neuro-paediatricians, orthopae-
dics, psychologists, epidemiologists and others who work in the field of cere-
bral palsy.
Six years has passed since the first edition of Cerebral Palsy was pub-
lished, and I would like to take the opportunity to thank all the readers for
their feedback, which helped to improve the text. The updated manuscript has
been thoroughly edited for language usage and grammar. New chapters have
been included covering additional aspects of this multifaceted disorder.
Finally, I would like to thank all authors of the present edition for sharing
their expertise, as well as the publisher for their professional support and
patience for listening to all of the wishes of the editor.
Thessaloniki, Greece Christos P. Panteliadis
vii
Preface (Parts from First Edition)
Cerebral palsy (CP) institutes a nosologic entity with multiple diagnostic and
therapeutic dilemmas. It also specifies a scientific issue with particular social,
ethical and economic extensions.
CP has been shown to be one of the most frequent problems which occupy
paediatricians, paediatric neurologist, orthopaedist and physicians of other
specialities. The delay in kinetic operation, which characterizes CP, becomes
even more serious when accompanied by other problems. Thus, the rehabili-
tation programme becomes multidimensional. The consequences on family,
education and society are very important.
After diagnosis, the biggest burden is undertaken by the rehabilitation
group, along with family cooperation. The insecurity and the uncertainty for
the child’s future dominate each family. In time, signs of deterioration appear
on the collective attempt.
This book is a complete effort of Greek and German authors who have
been engaged for many years with CP and the problems related to it. A great
effort has been put in by all the authors: everyone in his/her own field has
better approached the multidimensional issue of cerebral palsy.
Modern views are expressed on the explanation, clinical demonstration,
prompt diagnosis and the related problems and ways of confronting them. We
hope that in this new edition we could improve the weaknesses which might
appear in this first edition.
Thessaloniki, Greece Christos P. Panteliadis
Wuerzburg, Germany H-M Strassburg
ix
Contents
1 Cerebral Palsy: A Historical Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Christos P. Panteliadis and Photios Vassilyadi
2 The Definition of Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Eve Blair and Christine Cans
3 Epidemiology of the Cerebral Palsies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Eve Blair, Christine Cans, and Elodier Sellier
4 Philosophy, Epidemiology, and Cerebral Palsy Causation . . . . 29
Olaf Dammann
5 Neuropathology of Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Christian Hagel
6 Aetiological Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Mary Jane Platt, Christos P. Panteliadis, and Martin Häusler
7 Intrauterine Infection and Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Michael E. Tsimis
8 Magnesium Sulfate for the Prevention
of Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Dwight J. Rouse
9 Early Markers for Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Christa Einspieler and Peter B. Marschik
10 Clinical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Kate Himmelmann and Christos P. Panteliadis
11 Early Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis
of Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Rudolf Korinthenberg and Christos P. Panteliadis
12 Cranial Ultrasound in Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Summer Kaplan and Ammie M. White
13 Brain Imaging: Magnetic Resonance Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Arastoo Vossough
14 Nuclear and Molecular Imaging in Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . 133
Marc Hickeson and Efrosyni Sfakianaki
xi
xii Contents
15 Muscle Biology of Contractures in Children
with Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Sudarshan Dayanidhi and Richard L. Lieber
16 Physiotherapeutic Interventions: Bobath, Vojta, and Motor
Learning Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Dieter Karch and Karl Heinemann
17 An Overview of Evidence-Based Occupational and
Physiotherapy for Children with Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Christine Imms and Noula Gibson
18 Early Intervention for Children with Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . 193
Alicia J. Spittle and Cathy Morgan
19 Hip Dysplasia in Children with Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
M. Wade Shrader and Bopha Crea
20 Scoliosis in Children with Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
M. Wade Shrader and Bopha Crea
21 Management of the Upper Limb in Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . 219
Erich Rutz and H. Kerr Graham
22 Integrated Management in Cerebral Palsy: Musculoskeletal
Surgery and Rehabilitation in Ambulatory Patients . . . . . . . . . 229
Erich Rutz, Pam Thomason, Kate Willoughby,
and H. Kerr Graham
23 Bone Status in Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Sandra Mergler
24 Oral Medication Use in Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
James Rice
25 Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Michael Vassilyadi
26 Dorsal Root Rhizotomy for the Treatment of Spasticity . . . . . . 277
Michael Vassilyadi
27 Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Marian S. McDonagh
28 Visual Impairment in Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Nikolaos Kozeis and Saurabh Jain
29 Pulmonary Management of the Patient
with Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Garey Noritz
30 Gastrointestinal Problems in Children
with Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Peter B. Sullivan and Morag J. Andrew
Contents xiii
31 Nutritional Management of the Patient
with Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Wendelin Burdo-Hartman and Garey Noritz
32 Long-Term Prognosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Harald Bode
33 Quality of Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Anna McCormick
34 Rehabilitation Principles of Adults with Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . 343
Mintaze Kerem Günel, Yeşim Süçülü Karadağ,
and Banu Anlar
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349