CAUT ALMANAC of POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION IN CANADA ALMANACH de L ...

80 Pages·2013·3.55 MB·English

CANADIAN ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY TEACHERS
ASSOCIATION CANADIENNE DES PROFESSEURES ET PROFESSEURS D’UNIVERSITÉ
CAUT ALMANAC
of POST-SECONDARY
EDUCATION IN
CANADA

ALMANACH
de
L’ENSEIGNEMENT

POSTSECONDAIRE
AU CANADA DE

l’ACPPU

2013–
2014
1
FinanceT a ble of Contents
FinanceTmabelne tdes matières
1 Finance / Financement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..1
2 Academic Staff / Corps académique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..6
3 Students / Étudiants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..38
4 Universities and Colleges / Universités et collèges. . . . . . ..51
5 Research / Recherche. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..56
6 Libraries / Bibliothèques. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..62
7 Canada + Provinces / Canada + Provinces . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..66
8 International / International . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..69
CAUT Almanac of Post-secondary Education in Canada /
Almanach de l’enseignement postsecondaire au Canada 9 Sources + Notes / Les sources + notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..74
de l’ACPPU
PUBLISHED BY / PUBLIÉ PAR Index / Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..77
Canadian Association of University Teachers /
Association canadienne des professeures et
professeurs d’université TECHNICAL NOTES /
2705 promenade Queensview Drive NOTES TECHNIQUES
Ottawa (Ontario) K2B 8K2
Tel: [phone]
DEFINITIONS / DÉFINITIONS
Fax: [phone]
Unless otherwise noted, the definitions below reflect the population universe used when referenced
Email: [email protected]
in the tables /
PRESIDENT / PRÉSIDENT À moins d’indication contraire, les définitions ci-dessous reflètent la population statistique citée
Wayne Peters dans les tableaux
College: Includes community college or institute of applied arts and technology or CEGEP /
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR / DIRECTEUR GÉNÉRAL
Collège : S’entend d’un collège communautaire ou d’un institut d’arts appliqués et de technologie
James Turk
ou d’un Cégep
SENIOR RESEARCH OFFICER / AGENT PRINCIPAL DE RECHERCHE Post-secondary: Includes university, community college or institute of applied arts and technology
Larry Dufay or CEGEP, and trade/vocational schools, but excludes business/commercial schools /
Postsecondaire : S’entend d’une université, d’un collège communautaire ou d’un institut d’arts
RESEARCH ANALYST / ANALYSTE DE RECHERCHE
appliqués et de technologie ou d’un Cégep, et d’écoles de formation professionnelle, à l’exception
John Hollingsworth
des écoles de commerce
RESEARCH ANALYST / ANALYSTE DE RECHERCHE italics : Estimated results
Robert Johnson italiques : Résultats estimatifs
EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT (RESEARCH & ADVOCACY) / p: Preliminary estimate / Estimation préliminaire
ADJOINTE DE DIRECTION (RECHERCHE ET r: Revised estimate / Estimation révisée
PROMOTION DES INTÉRÊTS)
-: No results or results unavailable / Pas de résultats ou résultats non disponibles
Jocelyne Fortier
- -: Results statistically insignificant / Résultats non significatifs
GRAPHIC DESIGN / GRAPHISME x: Results suppressed for confidentiality / Résultats supprimés à des fins de confidentialité
Accurate Design & Communication Inc.
E Use with caution / À utiliser avec prudence
ADVERTISING / PUBLICITÉ
Liza Duhaime ACRONYMS / ACRONYMES
FTE = Full-time equivalent [(full-time figures) plus (part-time figures divided by 3.5)] /
ISSN 1714-0560
ETP = Équivalent temps plein [(données à temps plein) plus (données à temps partiel divisées par 3,5)]
Frequency: Annual
FYE = Fiscal year ending /
Périodicité : annuelle
FLE = Fin de l’exercice
We would be pleased to receive suggestions for data to be
GDP = Gross Domestic Product /
included in future editions that will be published in September
PIB = Produit intérieur brut
of each year. The CAUT Almanac is available in a pdf format on
SSHRC = Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council /
the CAUT web site (www.caut.ca) and additional copies may be
CRSH = Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines
requested by sending an email to [email protected].
NSERC = Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council /
Nous accueillerons avec plaisir les suggestions de données pour
CRSNG = Conseil de recherches en sciences naturelles et en génie
les éditions futures qui paraîtront au mois de septembre de chaque
année. Il est possible de consulter l’Almanach de l’ACPPU en CIHR = Canadian Institutes of Health Research /
format pdf à l’adresse www.acppu.ca et de commander par cour- IRSC = Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada
riel des exemplaires supplémentaires à l’adresse [email protected]. CFI = Canada Foundation for Innovation /
FCI = Fondation canadienne pour l’innovation
Throughout the CAUT Almanac of Post-secondary Education, reference is often made to dollars
adjusted for inflation. The format followed (for example, $ 2011) indicates the year to which all
other years have been standardized /
Tout au long de l’Almanach de l’ACPPU sur l’enseignement postsecondaire, on fait souvent référence
aux dollars corrigés en fonction de l’inflation. Le modèle suivi (par exemple, 2011 $) se rapporte à
l’année en fonction de laquelle toutes les autres années ont été normalisées
1
Finance
Financement
In previous editions of the CAUT Almanac, data for provincial postsecondary education expenditures, total expenditures and university and college revenues and expenditures
was reported from Statistics Canada’s Financial Management System (FMS), which Statistics Canada last published for the 2008–2009 fiscal year. Statistics Canada will be
adopting the internationally-accepted Government Finance System (GFS) as a replacement for the FMS. The first release of GFS data is scheduled for calendar year 2014,
which will be used in the 2014–2015 edition of the CAUT Almanac /
Jusqu’ici, les données figurant dans l’Almanach de l’ACPPU sur les dépenses provinciales au titre de l’enseignement postsecondaire, les dépenses totales et les recettes et
dépenses des collèges et universités ont été tirées du Système de gestion financière (SGF) de Statistique Canada, dont la dernière version remonte à l’exercice de 2008–2009.
Statistique Canada adoptera le système de gestion financière gouvernementale reconnu internationalement, lequel remplacera le SGF actuel. Les premières données tirées
du nouveau système seront publiées en mai 2014.
HIGHLIGHTS • Canadian universities are • Despite the significant • En 2011, les dépenses des • Les dépenses totales des
relying increasingly on private increase in university spend- collèges communautaires au établissements postsecon-
• Federal government cash
income sources, primarily in ing over the past 30 years, Canada ont totalisé plus de daires du Canada ont monté
transfers for post-secondary
the form of university tuition spending on academic sal- 10,1 milliards de dollars, soit depuis 30 ans à un rythme
education in Canada, when
fees, to fund university oper- aries as a proportion of total une augmentation de 8,7 % beaucoup plus rapide que
measured as a proportion
ating revenues. Between 1981 university expenditures has par rapport à 2010. celles visant le salaire du
of GDP, have declined by
and 2011, the proportion of declined steadily during this • En 2011, les recettes des corps professoral. En effet, de
50% between 1992–1993
university operating revenue period. In 2011 spending on universités au Canada étaient 1981 à 2011, les dépenses des
and 2012–2013.
provided by government academic rank salaries repre- presque de 32 milliards de universités et collèges ont crû
• In 2011, community college sources has declined from sented only 19% of university dollars, soit une augmenta- de 209 % en dollars constants;
revenues in Canada were 84% to 55% while the propor- expenditures, down from 30% tion de 1,9 % par rapport aux pour la même période, les
more than $9.7 billion, an tion funded by student tuition in 1981. recettes touchées en 2010. dépenses totales en dollars
increase of 5.2% from 2010. fees has increased from 13% réels consacrées au salaire
• En 2011, les dépenses des
• Community college to 37%. POINTS des universitaires n’ont aug-
universités au Canada étaient
expenditures in Canada, • Total Canadian university SAILLANTS presque de 31 milliards de menté que de 98 %.
in 2011, totalled more expenditures have increased dollars, soit une augmentation • Depuis 30 ans et malgré
• Les transferts fédéraux en
than $10.1 billion, an dramatically over the past de 4,8 % par rapport à 2010. la hausse marquée des
espèces pour l’enseignement
increase of 8.7% from 2010. 30 years and at a rate dépenses des établisse-
postsecondaire au Canada, • Les établissements post-
• Total university revenues significantly higher than ments postsecondaires, le
exprimés en pourcentage du secondaires du Canada
in Canada, in 2011, were expenditures on academic salaire des universitaires,
PIB, ont chuté de 50 % de financent de plus en plus
almost $32 billion. This salaries. Between 1981 and exprimé en pourcentage des
1992–1993 à 2012–2013. leur exploitation auprès de
marked an increase of 1.9% 2011, total university expen- dépenses totales, a diminué à
sources privées, principale-
from revenues received ditures increased by 209%, • En 2011, les recettes des un rythme constant : en 2011,
ment en facturant des droits
in 2010. calculated in constant dollars. collèges communautaires il ne représentait que 19 %
de scolarité. De 1981 à 2011,
Over the same time period au Canada ont atteint plus des dépenses contre 30 %
• Total university expendi- la proportion des recettes
total expenditures in real de 9,7 milliards de dollars, en 1981.
tures in Canada, in 2011, d’exploitation est passée de
dollars on academic rank sal- soit une hausse de 5,2 %
were almost $31 billion; 84 % à 55 % pour les sources
aries at Canadian universities par rapport à 2010.
an increase of 4.8% from gouvernementales et de
increased by only 98%.
2010 expenditures. 13 % à 37 % pour les droits
de scolarité.
FIGURE 1.1
Federal Cash Transfers for Post-secondary Education (% GDP) /
Transferts fédéraux en espèces pour l’enseignement postsecondaire (% PIB)
0.45%
0.41%
0.40%
0.35% 0.33%
0.32%
0.29%
0.30%
0.25% 0.23% 0.23%
0.22% 0.22%
0.21% 0.21%
0.20% 0.20% 0.20% 0.20%
0.19%
0.20% 0.18%
0.16% 0.16%
0.15% 0.15% 0.15%
0.15%
0.10%
0.05%
0.00%
1992–93 1993–94 1994–95 1995–96 1996–97 1997–98 1998–99 1999–00 2000–01 2001–02 2002–03 2003–04 2004–05 2005–06 2006–07 2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 2011–12 2012–13
Source: Government of Canada / Gouvernement du Canada
CAUT ALMANAC OF POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION 2013–2014 ALMANACH DE L‘ENSEIGNEMENT POSTSECONDAIRE DE L‘ACPPU 1
1
Finance
Financement
1.1 Community College Revenues, 2010–2011
Recettes des collèges communautaires, 2010–2011
($’000)
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC YT NT NU CANADA
Federal / Fédéral $17,426 $5,673 $13,063 $0 $7,725 $44,051 $3,912 $8,055 $13,514 $21,791 $0 $1,032 $624 $136,866
Provincial $90,223 $29,593 $134,331 $88,067 $2,129,770 $1,879,020 $170,435 $234,931 $812,157 $663,717 $41,148 $40,824 $32,611 $6,346,827
Municipal $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $6,889 $0 $0 $221 $94 $0 $0 $0 $7,204
Fees / Frais
Post-secondary Programs /
$446 $8,569 $20,997 $7,514 $106,159 $802,180 $20,149 $20,491 $152,462 $126,828 $467 $985 $573 $1,267,820
Programmes de niveau postsecondaire
Trade Vocational Programs /
$10,625 $6,591 $6,290 $5,735 $9,510 $45,975 $7,336 $9,525 $47,142 $52,243 $733 $121 $433 $202,259
Programmes de formation professionnelle
Continuing Education programs /
$853 $617 $2,833 $539 $14,164 $96,372 $12,544 $10,801 $77,592 $65,224 $3 $696 $267 $282,505
Programmes de formation continue
Other / Autres $13,979 $2,003 $7,313 $705 $7,974 $154,354 $5,488 $3,418 $36,077 $23,651 $171 $94 $717 $255,944
Business Entreprises and Individuals /
$0 $1,467 $0 $2,695 $30,686 $33,020 $490 $1,156 $23,638 $2,703 $830 $46 $0 $96,731
Entreprises privées et particuliers
Non-profit Organizations and Foundations /
$0 $131 $0 $0 $1,421 $20,071 $217 $28 $2,213 $1,582 $0 $0 $0 $25,663
Organisations à but non lucratif et fondations
Investments Income / Placements de revenus $253 $1 $421 $44 $5,695 $15,213 $2,063 $586 $25,984 $8,266 $73 $95 $217 $58,911
Ancillary Entreprises (Gross) /
$5,277 $2,944 $8,207 $3,473 $96,116 $288,470 $11,293 $8,697 $101,666 $54,957 $1,510 $1,229 $0 $583,839
Entreprises auxiliaires (brut)
Debt / Dette $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $1,014 $0 $32 $0 $0 $0 $1,046
Miscellaneous / Divers $2,545 $4,814 $12,292 $13,894 $87,593 $227,680 $5,254 $8,314 $58,934 $57,321 $810 $810 $957 $481,218
Total $141,627 $62,403 $205,747 $122,666 $2,496,813 $3,613,295 $239,181 $307,016 $1,351,600 $1,078,409 $45,745 $45,932 $36,399 $9,746,833
Source: Statistics Canada and Canadian Association of University Business Officers (CAUBO) / Statistique Canada et Association canadienne du personnel administratif universitaire (ACPAU)
1.2 Community College Expenditures, 2010–2011
Dépenses des collèges communautaires, 2010–2011
($’000)
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC YT NT NU CANADA
Salaries and Benefits / Salaires et avantages sociaux
Teachers / Professeurs $57,751 $10,717 $68,469 $44,153 $1,071,209 $993,718 $84,926 $95,755 $359,790 $326,541 $10,850 $12,874 $11,132 $3,147,885
Other / Autres $32,157 $13,839 $49,950 $35,220 $422,324 $685,033 $50,817 $66,903 $327,021 $249,686 $8,725 $9,664 $7,645 $1,958,984
Fringe Benefits / Avantages sociaux $13,788 $4,861 $21,399 $8,707 $218,898 $333,592 $19,164 $22,712 $121,572 $123,397 $4,010 $3,819 $4,695 $900,614
Library Acquisitions /
$0 $0 $418 $109 $6,086 $6,821 $629 $668 $2,823 $1,794 $112 $140 $59 $19,659
Acquisitions des bibliothèques
Operational Supplies and Expenses /
Approvisionnements opérationnels $25,433 $3,812 $34,380 $13,841 $97,559 $295,177 $23,065 $24,236 $171,143 $87,298 $1,505 $2,600 $1,799 $781,848
et dépenses
Utilities / Services publics $1,442 $2,305 $6,986 $3,722 $40,535 $49,292 $5,539 $571 $33,276 $15,372 $2,255 $103 $138 $161,536
Furniture and Equipment /
$8,096 $13,285 $8,208 $3,754 $96,056 $90,860 $12,234 $10,564 $43,165 $29,594 $0 $0 $423 $316,239
Mobilier et équipement
Scholarships / Bourses d’études $0 $0 $0 $36 $1,328 $72,004 $830 $1,677 $8,729 $10,543 $830 $26 $0 $96,003
Fees and Contracted Services /
$2,019 $2,241 $6,085 $8,074 $165,800 $203,684 $10,349 $25,359 $40,185 $51,546 $12,656 $11,536 $8,375 $547,909
Frais et services contractuels
Debt Services / Services de la dette $0 $1,512 $42 $0 $103,957 $12,998 $572 $86 $7,834 $8,111 $70 $0 $0 $135,182
Buildings / Bâtiments $5,742 $13,514 $1,564 $46,137 $206,375 $376,568 $28,238 $49,921 $185,153 $137,165 $271 $1,874 $0 $1,052,522
Land and Site Services /
$0 $3 $0 $0 $29,329 $23,064 $79 $6,667 $12,871 $1,881 $0 $0 $0 $73,894
Services de terre et d’emplacement
Miscellaneous / Divers $0 $6,502 $3,474 $5,474 $154,264 $163,806 $919 $1,168 $76,810 $27,167 $1,736 $3,013 $4,316 $448,649
Ancillary Enterprises (Gross) /
$7,009 $0 $8,613 $337 $72,816 $245,888 $10,058 $8,518 $93,500 $44,458 $1,391 $0 $0 $492,588
Entreprises auxiliaires (brut)
Total $153,437 $72,591 $209,588 $169,564 $2,686,536 $3,552,505 $247,419 $314,805 $1,483,872 $1,114,553 $44,411 $45,649 $38,582 $10,133,512
Source: Statistics Canada and CAUBO / Statistique Canada et ACPAU
FIGURE 1.2
Government Funding as a Share of Community College Operating Revenues /
Financement public en proportion des recettes d’exploitation des collèges communautaires
2001 2011
100%
89.4% 90.9% 92.5% 91.3%
90% 85.7%
80% 76.0% 77.4% 82.8% 79.9% 78.7% 81.4% 82.7%
74.2%
70.2% 71.4% 71.8% 72.2%
70% 66.5%
64.2%
60.6% 60.8%
60%
49.0% 52.9% 51.7% 50.3% 53.9%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC YT NT NU
Source: Statistics Canada and CAUBO / Statistique Canada et ACPAU
2 CAUT ALMANAC OF POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION 2013–2014 ALMANACH DE L‘ENSEIGNEMENT POSTSECONDAIRE DE L‘ACPPU
1
Finance
Financement
FIGURE 1.3
Post-secondary Tuition as a Share of Community College Operating Revenue /
Frais de scolarité au niveau postsecondaire en proportion des recettes d’exploitation des collèges communautaires FYE / FLE 2011
2001 2011
30%
24.7%24.3%
25%
20.2%
20%
15.7% 15.5%
15% 12.9%
12.1% 11.8%
10.3% 10.0%
10% 9.5% 8.6% 9.0%
7.0%
6.1%
4.5%4.8%
5% 3.6%
0.7%0.3% 1.4%1.1% 2.0%2.2% 2.2%1.6%
0%
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC YT NT NU
Source: Statistics Canada and CAUBO / Statistique Canada et ACPAU
FIGURE 1.4
Total Tuition as a Share of Community College Operating Revenue /
Frais de scolarité total en proportion des recettes d’exploitation des collèges communautaires FYE / FLE 2011
2001 2011
40%
35.4%
35% 32.6% 33.3%
30% 28.1% 28.2%
27.3%
24.2%
25% 23.4%
22.3% 22.2%
20.4%
19.5%
20% 18.6% 18.4%
15.0%
13.9%
15% 13.1%
11.8%
10%
5.9% 6.2% 5.5%
4.5% 4.2% 4.6%
5% 3.5% 3.2%
0%
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC YT NT NU
Source: Statistics Canada and CAUBO / Statistique Canada et ACPAU
FIGURE 1.5
Government Funding as a Share of University Operating Revenue /
Financement public en proportion des recettes d’exploitation des universités
1981 1991 2001 2011
100%
90%
78.3%
80%
67.8%
70% 64.6% 64.9%
59.5% 60.3%
60% 56.7% 55.3%
51.2%
50% 45.7%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC
Source: Statistics Canada and CAUBO / Statistique Canada et ACPAU
CAUT ALMANAC OF POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION 2013–2014 ALMANACH DE L‘ENSEIGNEMENT POSTSECONDAIRE DE L‘ACPPU 3
1
Finance
Financement
FIGURE 1.6
Tuition as a Share of University Operating Revenue1 /
Frais de scolarité en proportion des recettes d’exploitation des universités1
1981 1991 2001 2011
50%
45.9%
45%
40.5%
39.0%
40%
36.6%
35%
29.1% 29.2%
30%
26.2%
24.4% 25.1%
25%
20%
14.1%
15%
10%
5%
0%
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC
Source: Statistics Canada and CAUBO / Statistique Canada et ACPAU
FIGURE 1.7
Government Funding and Tuition as a Share of University Operating Revenue1 /
Financement public et frais de scolarité en proportion des recettes d’exploitation
des universités1
Tuition / Frais de scolarité Government / Gouvernement
100%
83.6% 79.0%
90%
59.3% 55.2%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
36.7%
30%
32.6%
20%
18.1%
10% 13.3%
0%
1981 1991 2001 2011
Source: Statistics Canada and CAUBO / Statistique Canada et ACPAU
FIGURE 1.8
Changes in Spending on Academic Rank Salaries vs. Total University Expenditures /
Évolution des salaires des professeurs par rapport aux dépenses totales des universités
Total University Expenditures ($ 2011) / Dépenses universitaires totales (2011 $) % Spent on Academic Rank Salaries / % Dépensé pour les salaires des professeurs
30 35%
30%
25
25%
20 FPO
ns) 20%
o
Billi15
( 15%
10
10%
5
5%
0 0%
1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Source: Statistics Canada and CAUBO / Statistique Canada et ACPAU
4 CAUT ALMANAC OF POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION 2013–2014 ALMANACH DE L‘ENSEIGNEMENT POSTSECONDAIRE DE L‘ACPPU
1
Finance
Financement
1.3 University Revenues, 2010–2011
Revenus universitaires, 2010–2011
($’000)
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC CANADA
Federal Government Departments and Agencies – Grants and Contracts / Subventions & contrats gouvernementaux fédéraux
SSHRC / CRSH $3,675 $633 $6,967 $2,891 $55,357 $103,166 $6,183 $3,661 $18,194 $36,904 $237,631
Health Canada / Santé Canada $482 $218 $704 $3,505 $3,572 $6,179 $5,479 $1,025 $1,961 $3,847 $26,972
NSERC / CRSNG $8,225 $1,685 $22,404 $13,322 $196,976 $278,900 $17,596 $39,582 $84,655 $96,827 $760,172
CIHR / IRSC $4,080 $370 $24,412 $1,327 $242,719 $318,742 $18,069 $12,419 $73,607 $125,353 $821,098
CFI / FCI $2,540 $2,137 $10,952 $2,017 $113,356 $178,415 $6,146 $10,020 $52,538 $63,791 $441,912
CRC / CRC $2,750 $825 $9,709 $3,586 $72,385 $91,366 $7,509 $6,426 $28,798 $35,016 $258,370
Other Federal / Autre fédéral $14,310 $9,624 $63,533 $33,914 $229,539 $566,959 $52,673 $55,220 $78,597 $176,343 $1,280,712
Other Government Departments and Agencies – Grants and Contracts / Autres subventions & contrats gouvernementaux
Provincial $373,291 $49,826 $420,217 $284,128 $3,036,660 $4,324,731 $513,875 $569,758 $1,964,923 $1,751,305 $13,288,714
Municipal $800 $0 $313 $23,400 $17,862 $9,092 $41 $516 $1,000 $1,538 $54,562
Other Provinces / Autres provinces $0 $12,323 $2,490 $814 $6,535 $1,303 $1 $20,121 $18,137 $10,231 $71,955
Foreign / Étranger $0 $0 $631 $29 $21,062 $61,716 $17,970 $2,188 $30,888 $34,077 $168,561
Tuition and Other Fees / Frais de scolarité et autres frais
Credit Course Tuition / Cours crédités $43,094 $24,565 $267,162 $125,579 $619,091 $2,980,899 $138,788 $139,636 $447,272 $803,144 $5,589,230
Non-credit Tuition / Cours non crédités $11,601 $2,040 $27,726 $11,404 $36,357 $154,162 $17,727 $16,787 $52,722 $90,217 $420,743
Other Fees / Autres frais $4,479 $1,273 $10,709 $1,633 $170,246 $418,038 $10,542 $8,172 $120,091 $76,911 $822,094
Donations, Including Bequests / Dons, incluant legs
Individuals / Particuliers $0 $2,667 $26,301 $11,868 $60,132 $229,144 $21,223 $18,288 $84,521 $40,687 $494,831
Business Enterprises / Entreprises privées $3,309 $3,136 $6,755 $3,050 $42,863 $96,285 $7,414 $7,007 $43,705 $35,385 $248,909
Not-for-profit Organizations / Organisations à but non lucratif $0 $270 $14,326 $6,220 $48,863 $112,371 $25,855 $14,688 $35,110 $34,488 $292,191
Non-government Grants and Contracts / Subventions et contrats non gouvernementaux
Individuals / Particuliers $0 $0 $1,059 $155 $469 $633 $10,128 $0 $4,935 $558 $17,937
Business Enterprises / Entreprises privées $8,070 $1,633 $32,733 $5,311 $169,532 $318,149 $18,354 $10,852 $69,871 $91,291 $725,796
Not-for-profit Organizations / Organisations à but non lucratif $1,486 $1,286 $21,956 $8,209 $210,399 $461,379 $9,801 $59,656 $105,102 $139,497 $1,018,771
Investment / Placement
Endowment / Dotation $3,970 $570 $45,207 $28,093 $128,058 $437,354 $18,439 $31,143 $125,170 $201,482 $1,019,486
Other Investment / Autres revenus de placement $4,296 $935 $9,849 $12,762 $21,120 $214,757 $30,084 $19,248 $64,549 $65,547 $443,147
Other Revenues / Autres revenus
Sale of Services and Products / Vente de produits et services $33,028 $15,869 $153,667 $64,582 $375,040 $897,322 $79,099 $124,417 $386,969 $416,461 $2,546,454
Miscellaneous / Divers $57,292 $496 $25,536 $22,328 $161,811 $544,403 $17,648 $20,434 $21,846 $55,291 $927,085
Total Revenues / Recettes totales $580,778 $132,381 $1,205,318 $670,127 $6,040,004 $12,805,465 $1,050,644 $1,191,264 $3,915,161 $4,386,191 $31,977,333
Source: Statistics Canada and CAUBO / Statistique Canada et ACPAU
1.4 University Expenditures 2010–2011
Dépenses des universités, 2010–2011
($’000)
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC CANADA
Academic Ranks / Professeurs $126,500 $29,408 $262,752 $143,255 $1,181,392 $2,257,585 $234,098 $212,859 $620,787 $808,635 $5,877,271
Other Instruction and Research /
$1,313 $516 $38,773 $20,129 $335,740 $996,043 $13,158 $73,793 $292,283 $335,733 $2,107,481
Autres activités, enseignement et recherche
Other Salaries and Wages /
$158,441 $35,947 $247,387 $119,629 $1,223,729 $2,480,437 $195,521 $259,703 $737,593 $926,037 $6,384,424
Autres salaires et traitements
Benefits / Avantages sociaux $53,381 $13,375 $87,210 $38,686 $581,208 $1,153,959 $80,325 $71,497 $296,686 $338,400 $2,714,727
Travel / Frais de déplacement $16,286 $2,432 $24,344 $14,964 $125,201 $257,059 $25,182 $22,551 $72,375 $88,536 $648,930
Library Acquisitions /
$5,123 $1,250 $11,818 $6,796 $57,075 $136,687 $11,976 $14,142 $37,877 $38,799 $321,543
Acquisitions des bibliothèques
Printing and Duplicating / Impression et reprographie $2,173 $408 $4,653 $1,019 $20,298 $54,210 $3,574 $2,467 $8,972 $14,137 $111,911
Materials and Supplies / Matériel et fournitures $31,207 $7,412 $26,688 $24,868 $238,504 $555,958 $44,612 $29,277 $111,215 $128,223 $1,197,964
Communications / Communications $2,852 $221 $8,751 $6,039 $18,115 $55,120 $5,461 $4,022 $12,570 $20,847 $133,998
Other Operational Expenditures /
$12,830 $3,673 $68,372 $12,131 $307,347 $520,055 $69,873 $46,959 $90,798 $272,724 $1,404,762
Autres dépenses de fonctionnement
Utilities / Services publics $19,775 $4,694 $33,766 $19,416 $85,847 $248,158 $17,914 $18,139 $81,211 $43,662 $572,582
Renovations and Alterations /
$29,239 $1,187 $29,677 $9,401 $261,497 $258,673 $2,923 $7,819 $77,554 $160,311 $838,281
Améliorations et transformations
Scholarships, Bursaries and Prizes /
$24,225 $4,450 $67,292 $18,522 $279,623 $703,632 $47,183 $47,198 $170,226 $148,684 $1,511,035
Bourses d’études, bourses et prix
Externally Contracted Services / Services contractuels $15,217 $1,789 $68,023 $21,726 $144,992 $292,004 $32,442 $36,500 $145,143 $43,164 $801,000
Professional Fees / Honoraires professionnels $10,973 $4,119 $14,923 $17,624 $155,220 $140,116 $5,249 $10,677 $75,050 $110,003 $543,954
Cost of Goods Sold / Coût des marchandises vendues $77 $1,818 $22,587 $7,101 $58,449 $203,547 $21,512 $37,474 $66,782 $88,335 $507,682
Interest / Intérêts $954 $2,194 $18,197 $2,322 $199,803 $176,675 $12,717 $11,823 $20,338 $47,134 $492,157
Furniture and Equipment Purchase /
$9,306 $5,214 $37,316 $19,369 $324,906 $452,285 $27,870 $35,878 $216,082 $176,776 $1,305,002
Achat de mobilier et d’équipement
Equipment Rental and Maintenance /
$4,758 $676 $9,586 $4,252 $56,355 $117,107 $6,069 $8,489 $56,939 $28,924 $293,155
Location et entretien d’équipement
Internal Sales and Cost Recoveries /
$0 $0 $0 $0 -$9,652 $0 $0 $0 $1 $0 -$9,651
Ventes internes et recouvrement des coûts
Buildings, Land and Land Improvements /
$25,048 $6,853 $122,207 $109,389 $279,689 $1,052,133 $158,114 $222,074 $632,368 $374,361 $2,982,236
Bâtiments, terrains et aménagement des terrains
Lump Sum Payments / Paiements forfaitaires $0 $0 -$95 $2,636 $26,962 $6,966 $0 $635 $77 $381 $37,562
Total $549,678 $127,636 $1,204,227 $619,274 $5,952,300 $12,118,409 $1,015,773 $1,173,976 $3,822,927 $4,193,806 $30,778,006
Source: Statistics Canada and CAUBO / Statistique Canada et ACPAU
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Academic Staff
Corps académique
Statistics Canada has cancelled its annual survey of academic staff in Canada (the University and College Academic Staff System) as a result of budget cuts. Consequently,
there is no new data on university faculty available for this year’s edition of the Almanac. Tables 2.1–2.14 are repeated from last year /
Statistique Canada a annulé son enquête annuelle sur le personnel enseignant au Canada (le Système d’information sur le personnel enseignant dans les universités
et collèges) en raison de compressions budgétaires. Il n’y a donc pas de nouvelles données sur le corps professoral universitaire dans l’édition 2013–2014 de l’Almanach.
Les tableaux 2.1–2.14 sont ceux de l’an dernier.
HIGHLIGHTS 2011 to 5.1% (8.3% of males tenure track positions, up les professeures agrégées, établissements postsecon-
and 3.8% of females). from 30.3% in 1989. 97,2 %, et les professeures daires du Canada. De ceux-ci,
• Average salaries for all
• Over the same period there • 36.6% of all full-time university adjointes, 98,0 %. 44,2 % étaient des femmes.
full-time Canadian university
was a steady increase in teachers in 2011 were female, • En raison de l’abolition de • Depuis 20 ans, les femmes ont
teachers increased by 2.8%
the proportion of university up from 28.7% in 2001. However, la retraite obligatoire dans fait des progrès importants
between 2010 and 2011.
teachers in the younger age in 2011, only 22.8% of Full diverses provinces depuis dans l’obtention de postes
• Average salaries for Full
cohorts (under 40 years) from Professors teaching in Canadian quelques années, la pro- permanents ou menant à la
Professors in Canada, mea-
17.3% in 2001 to a peak of universities were female, an portion d’enseignantes et permanence. La proportion
sured in constant 2011 dollars,
21.3% in 2009. The proportion increase from 15.1% in 2001. d’enseignants universitaires de professeures occupant
increased by 22.1% between
of younger age university à temps plein qui travaillent un poste permanent à temps
2001 and 2011, an average
teachers declined to 19.3% POINTS après avoir atteint 65 ans a plein a plus que doublé de
real growth of 2.2% per year.
in 2011 (18.0% males and SAILLANTS plus que quadruplé de 2001  1989 à 2009 pour atteindre
• In 2011, female academic 21.6% females). à 2011, pour atteindre 5,1 % 30,9 %. En outre, en 2009,
staff continued to earn less • In 2011, 2,034 new full-time • Au Canada, le salaire moyen (8,3 % des hommes et 3,8 % 43,3 % des enseignantes
than their male counterparts. university teachers were des membres du corps profes- des femmes). occupaient un poste menant
Female Full Professors appointed in Canada. Of soral à temps plein a augmenté • Au cours de la même période, à la permanence contre
earned an average of 95.1% these, 44.2% were female. de 2,8 % de 2010 à 2011. la proportion d’enseignantes 30,3 % 20 ans auparavant.
of male Full Professors, • Female university teachers • Au Canada, le salaire moyen et d’enseignants univer- • Des membres du corps
female Associate Professors have made significant prog- des professeures et profes- sitaires âgés de moins de professoral à temps plein,
97.2% and female Assistant ress in attaining tenured and seurs titulaires, en dollars 40 ans est passée de 17,3 % 36,6 % étaient des femmes
Professors 98.0%. tenure track appointments constants de 2011, a crû en 2001 à 21,3 % en 2009. La en 2011 contre seulement
• As mandatory retirement over the past two decades. de 22,1 % de 2001 à 2011, proportion d’enseignantes et 28,7 % en 2001. Toutefois,
laws have been rescinded The proportion of full-time pour une croissance réelle d’enseignants universitaires en 2011, 22,8 % seulement
in a number of provinces in female university teachers moyenne de 2,2 % par année. appartenant à cette tranche du corps universitaire à
recent years, the proportion holding tenured university • L’écart salarial entre les d’âge a chuté à 19,3 % en 2011 temps plein était constitué de
of full-time university teach- positions more than doubled hommes et les femmes (18,0 % des hommes et 21,6 % femmes, ce qui représente
ers in Canada employed as between 1991 and 2011, to persistait en 2011. Les profes- des femmes). malgré tout une augmentation
teachers beyond the common 32.9%. Furthermore, in 2011, seures titulaires gagnaient en • En 2011, 2 034 enseignantes de 15,1 % par rapport à 2001.
retirement age of 65 more than 43.3% of full-time female moyenne 95,1 % du salaire de et enseignants à temps plein
quadrupled between 2001 and university teachers were in leurs homologues masculins, ont été embauchés dans les
Average Salaries of Full-time University 2.2 Average Change in Salaries of Full-time University Teachers1
2.1 Teachers by Rank1 Évolution salariale moyenne du corps professoral universitaire à temps plein1
Salaires moyens des professeurs d’université
Nominal Increase /
à temps plein, par rang1 Rank / Augmentation Real Increase ($ 2011) / Real Increase ($ 2011) /
Augmentation réelle (2011 $) Augmentation réelle (2011 $)
Rang nominale 2009–2010
2009–2010 to / à 2010–2011 2000–2001 to / à 2010–2011
to / à 2010–2011
Rank / Average Salary /
Salaire moyen Full Professor / Professeur titulaire 2.8% 0.9% 22.1%
Rang 2010–2011
Associate Professor /
2.5% 0.7% 19.2%
Full Professor / Professeur titulaire $138,853 Professeur agrégé
Associate Professor / Professeur agrégé $110,263 Assistant Professor /
2.7% 0.8% 22.3%
Professeur adjoint
Assistant Professor / Professeur adjoint $89,681
Lecturer / Chargé de cours 2.0% 0.1% 31.3%
Lecturer / Chargé de cours $86,640
All Ranks Combined /
All Ranks Combined / Tous les rangs combinés $112,578 Tous les rangs combinés 2.9% 1.1% 16.8%
Source: Statistics Canada / Statistique Canada Source: Statistics Canada / Statistique Canada
FIGURE 2.1
Full-time University Teachers1 /
Professeurs d’université à temps plein1
45,000
38,904
38,316
37,710 41,934
40,734
36,000
36,831
35,766
34,521
32,172
30,399 30,630
27,000
18,000
9,000
0
2000–2001 2001–2002 2002–2003 2003–2004 2004–2005 2005–2006 2006–2007 2007–2008 2008–2009 2009–2010 2010–2011
Source: Statistics Canada / Statistique Canada
6 CAUT ALMANAC OF POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION 2013–2014 ALMANACH DE L‘ENSEIGNEMENT POSTSECONDAIRE DE L‘ACPPU
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Academic Staff
Corps académique
2.3 Average Salaries of Full-time University Teachers by Type of Institution, 2010–20111
Salaires moyens des professeurs d’université à temps plein selon le type d’établissement, 2010–20111
Medical-doctoral universities / Comprehensive universities / Undergraduate universities /
Universités avec écoles de médecine et de 3e cycle Universités polyvalentes Universités de 1er cycle
Full Professor / Professeur titulaire $145,059 $140,219 $134,149
Associate Professor / Professeur agrégé $114,142 $114,464 $107,873
Assistant Professor / Professeur adjoint $93,830 $109,361 $87,504
Lecturer / Chargé de cours $88,793 $83,896 $94,507
All Ranks Combined / Tous les rangs combinés $119,639 $114,515 $107,483
Nominal Increases (2002–2003 to 2010–2011)
Augmentation nominale (2002–2003 à 2010–2011)
Medical-doctoral universities / Comprehensive universities / Undergraduate universities /
Universités avec écoles de médecine et de 3e cycle Universités polyvalentes Universités de 1er cycle
Full Professor / Professeur titulaire 32.4% 38.3% 38.4%
Associate Professor / Professeur agrégé 31.9% 34.7% 40.0%
Assistant Professor / Professeur adjoint 32.1% 62.2% 47.6%
Lecturer / Chargé de cours 37.6% 34.0% 89.5%
All Ranks Combined / Tous les rangs combinés 32.9% 33.8% 42.8%
Real Increases (2002–2003 to 2010–2011) ($ 2010)
Augmentation réelle (2010 $) (2002–2003 à 2010–2011)
Medical-doctoral universities / Comprehensive universities / Undergraduate universities /
Universités avec écoles de médecine et de 3e cycle Universités polyvalentes Universités de 1er cycle
Full Professor / Professeur titulaire 10.4% 15.3% 15.4%
Associate Professor / Professeur agrégé 10.0% 12.3% 16.8%
Assistant Professor / Professeur adjoint 10.2% 35.3% 23.1%
Lecturer / Chargé de cours 14.8% 11.8% 58.0%
All Ranks Combined / Tous les rangs combinés 10.8% 11.6% 19.1%
Source: Statistics Canada / Statistique Canada
2.4 Average Salaries of Full-time University Teachers, 2010–20111
Salaires moyens des professeurs d’université à temps plein, 2010–20111
NL PE NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC CANADA
Full Professor / Professeur titulaire $134,403 $124,396 $125,712 $122,160 $124,893 $151,168 $128,776 $139,532 $152,354 $140,598 $138,853
Associate Professor / Professeur agrégé $108,498 $102,975 $98,090 $97,658 $100,564 $120,800 $95,212 $108,081 $110,369 $106,893 $110,263
Assistant Professor / Professeur adjoint $86,462 $83,228 $81,928 $78,461 $81,782 $96,765 $77,166 $90,935 $89,987 $90,502 $89,681
Lecturer / Chargé de cours $68,137 x $77,184 $77,223 $68,663 $96,736 $71,506 $76,259 $90,223 $83,689 $86,640
All Ranks Combined / Tous les rangs combinés $110,206 $102,354 $100,773 $99,875 $105,636 $121,828 $99,033 $110,024 $115,701 $108,118 $112,578
Source: Statistics Canada / Statistique Canada
2.5 Average Salaries of Full-time University Teachers by Rank and Institution, 2010–20111
Salaires moyens des professeurs d’université à temps plein selon le rang et l’établissement, 2010–20111
All Ranks All Ranks
Full Associate Assistant Full Associate Assistant
Lecturer / Combined / Lecturer / Combined /
Professor / Professor / Professor / Professor / Professor / Professor /
Chargé de Tous Chargé de Tous
Professeur Professeur Professeur Professeur Professeur Professeur
cours les rangs cours les rangs
titulaire agrégé adjoint titulaire agrégé adjoint
combinés combinés
Acadia Divinity College x x – – x Luther College $127,861 $100,348 x x $106,409
Acadia University $116,086 $93,327 $81,065 $67,833 $97,643 Lutheran Theological Seminary x x – – x
Algoma University College $0 $101,853 $80,352 x $88,067 McMaster University $152,798 $125,191 $94,964 $87,432 $126,598
Ambrose University College $79,557 $71,557 $60,988 – $69,549 Memorial University $134,403 $108,498 $86,462 $68,137 $110,206
of Newfoundland
Athabasca University $141,471 $108,755 $82,615 $84,190 $99,452
Mount Allison University $127,669 $101,341 $77,985 x $99,069
Atlantic School of Theology – $73,892 x – $70,606
Mount Royal University – $101,183 $84,160 – $94,201
Brandon University $123,177 $96,563 $76,298 x $94,276
Mount Saint Vincent University $120,597 $97,132 $77,693 $0 $100,503
Brescia University College $114,943 $100,113 $76,546 $0 $94,685
Nipissing University $125,950 $102,381 $86,383 – $94,278
Brock University $149,643 $121,174 $100,716 $85,961 $121,941
Nova Scotia
$102,280 $84,092 $65,880 x $86,181
Campion College x $104,646 $82,808 $0 $97,720 Agricultural College
Canadian University College $67,212 $61,014 $54,068 – $61,688 NSCAD University $113,253 $102,388 $75,397 – $95,330
Cape Breton University $105,758 $86,422 $74,737 – $84,516 OCAD University $101,718 $92,755 $76,612 x $89,980
Carleton University $137,814 $115,269 $92,817 $89,151 $112,832 Queen’s University at Kingston $147,023 $125,280 $115,166 x $132,000
College of Emmanuel Redeemer University College $75,414 $71,841 $63,024 x $69,361
– – x x –
and St. Chad Royal Military College
$127,660 $103,551 $84,369 $0 $104,986
of Canada
Collège universitaire
dominicain / – x x x $52,495 Royal Roads University $110,650 $92,216 $77,842 - $94,617
Dominican University College
Ryerson University $145,879 $123,226 $103,655 $113,358 $120,255
Concordia University College
of Alberta $91,451 $86,928 $73,918 – $84,788 Saint Mary’s University $127,960 $97,092 $86,617 x $103,763
Dalhousie University $136,021 $108,299 $88,923 $85,048 $110,909 Simon Fraser University $137,253 $110,494 $94,942 $84,041 $111,668
Horizon College & Seminary $0 – – x – St. Andrew’s College x – – – x
Huntington University x – x $0 $75,251 St. Augustine’s Seminary – x $0 – x
Huron University College $126,307 $103,280 $59,740 $41,372 $85,938 St. Francis Xavier University $119,118 $92,821 $74,711 $74,707 $91,885
King’s University College $141,827 $115,830 $83,903 x $106,612 St. Jerome’s University x $101,383 $72,862 – $100,095
Knox College x $0 x – $90,815 St. Thomas More College x $112,738 $89,611 – $102,613
Kwantlen Polytechnic University – – – $83,806 $83,806 St. Thomas University $119,795 $92,577 $71,245 – $94,226
Lakehead University $138,043 $112,238 $85,710 $83,365 $111,944 The King’s University College $86,478 $73,620 $64,674 – $73,605
Laurentian University / Thompson Rivers University $97,814 $91,814 $82,377 $78,655 $82,655
$149,426 $120,366 $97,882 $86,045 $119,256
Université Laurentienne
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Academic Staff
Corps académique
2.5 (continued / suite) Female Full-time University Teachers’ Salaries as a Percent of Male
2.6 Salaries by Major Discipline1
Salaires des professeures d’université à temps plein en proportion des
All Ranks
Full Associate Assistant Lecturer / Combined / salaires de leurs collègues masculins selon la discipline principale1
Professor / Professor / Professor /
Chargé de Tous
Professeur Professeur Professeur
cours les rangs
titulaire agrégé adjoint combinés 2000 2008
Thorneloe University x x x – $111,915 Agriculture and Biological Sciences / 88.4% 92.2%
Sciences agricoles et biologiques
Trent University $153,646 $116,716 $95,670 $0 $123,917
Education / Éducation 90.8% 94.2%
Trinity Western University $74,381 $64,641 $58,118 – $64,971
Engineering and Applied Sciences / Génie et sciences appliquées 85.4% 90.6%
Université de Hearst $86,285 – $73,324 $0 $77,639
Fine Arts / Beaux-arts 90.4% 94.2%
Université de Moncton $123,303 $100,775 $83,405 $72,719 $99,921
Health Professions and Related /
Université de x $99,195 $79,102 $0 $86,094 Professions et occupation de la santé 89.3% 89.6%
Moncton, Shippagan
Université de Humanities / Humanité 87.3% 93.6%
$111,241 $95,123 $81,921 $0 $100,382
Moncton, Edmundston Mathematics and Physical Sciences /
84.3% 89.5%
Université d’Ottawa / University Mathématiques et sciences physiques
$146,804 $115,797 $92,323 $80,275 $117,340
of Ottawa
Social Sciences / Sciences sociales 86.9% 88.8%
Université de Saint-Boniface $128,165 $91,203 $75,963 $79,351 $89,685
All Subjects Combined / Tous les sujets combinés 86.7% 89.6%
Université Sainte-Anne x $88,749 $66,181 $68,698 $79,346
Source: Statistics Canada / Statistique Canada
Université Saint-Paul /
$92,316 $74,841 $60,596 x $72,323
Saint Paul University
University of Alberta $158,781 $117,063 $96,672 – $131,299
University of British Columbia $153,316 $115,804 $98,768 $86,818 $121,074
University of Calgary $153,756 $114,764 $95,047 $93,039 $121,595
University of Guelph $146,407 $121,509 $101,785 – $125,885
University of King’s College x $103,888 $86,136 x $96,318
University of Lethbridge $143,502 $110,084 $83,609 $78,514 $110,318
University of Manitoba $133,073 $98,705 $80,319 x $106,278
University of New Brunswick $122,648 $96,665 $72,960 $78,632 $102,144
University of Northern
$105,496 $83,575 $71,319 $60,652 $84,908
British Columbia
University of Ontario
$134,193 $109,291 $88,885 – $100,983
Institute of Technology
University of Prince
$124,396 $102,975 $83,228 $65,391 $102,354
Edward Island
University of Saskatchewan $141,259 $111,932 $93,417 $74,606 $116,076
University of
x $95,645 x – $90,761
St. Michael’s College
University of Sudbury x $89,921 $83,301 $0 $89,867
University of Toronto $171,390 $133,333 $106,485 $99,587 $136,393
University of Trinity College x – – – x
University of Victoria $129,000 $101,480 $83,513 $83,738 $105,752
University of Waterloo $150,182 $122,262 $96,686 $96,942 $123,575
University of Windsor $149,931 $118,289 $96,420 $93,182 $120,890
University of Winnipeg $116,978 $88,630 $73,329 $71,077 $88,511
Wilfrid Laurier University $142,702 $112,068 $88,066 $80,940 $109,780
Western University $149,763 $118,830 $98,540 $85,404 $119,396
Wycliffe College x x – – $90,868
York University $158,143 $127,424 $102,275 $107,782 $128,683
Total AB $152,354 $110,369 $89,987 $90,223 $115,701
Total BC $140,598 $106,893 $90,502 $83,689 $108,118
Total MB $128,776 $95,212 $77,166 $71,506 $99,033
Total NB $122,160 $97,658 $78,461 $77,223 $99,875
Total NL $134,403 $108,498 $86,462 $68,137 $110,206
Total NS $125,712 $98,090 $81,928 $77,184 $100,773
Total ON $151,168 $120,800 $96,765 $96,736 $121,828
Total PE $124,396 $102,975 $83,228 x $102,354
Total QC $124,893 $100,564 $81,782 $68,663 $105,636
Total SK $139,532 $108,081 $90,935 $76,259 $110,024
Total CA $138,853 $110,263 $89,681 $86,640 $112,578
Source: Statistics Canada / Statistique Canada
8 CAUT ALMANAC OF POST-SECONDARY EDUCATION 2013–2014 ALMANACH DE L‘ENSEIGNEMENT POSTSECONDAIRE DE L‘ACPPU