Categorie, universi e princìpi di riflessione

98 Pages·1977·2.15 MB·Italian

by  Lolli, Gabriele

GABRIELLEO LLI
Categoruinei,v eres pir incidipr ii flessione

Lec ategsoorinleoos trumentioll i en guanggiuoo vi
dellmaa temamtoidceaarn;è d unquep u'bl'ubinc o
scan-daldoicMea cLan e-chieml e todcooau lldato
diad ottlaatr eeo drieag ilin sideiZm eirm eFlraoe-nkel
comfeon daziodnite u tltapa r atmiactaet miancoan
sipai adùe guatop raaltdlieacll aa teocriaato eridgee'l:l e
Mad aplu tnod iv isltoagi lceot eorie assiomatiche
claseds eigcilhnis ipeemrmie ttaonncoou rnfaaon dazione,
ses siruf ttanipo r indcirìfl ipeis siloafn oerm,az azlizione
dellsae manetl ieec sat enn!!aitoudnreial lli' assioma
dell'inDfi sneimtiono.afrf rieuo n 'triodnuzieolneem entare
a uqesatroigm etnic,o lnad isscsuidoin ec soimaen o
collaetagil plrao blelmoagitdcieacll coea gtoeri.e
GabriLeol/leni a,t aoCam agnaM onef"atO"1n9e4l2s,i
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perfzieonaisut ooi satuldYlaial Ueni versdiiNtye w H aven,
ConnteiccuDotp.o e sssetraedt ooc edniat nea mlaitsei matica
preisPlso loi tedcinT ioricnooè ,d ivenptraeotsfos ore
straordidnila orgimioac tae tmiacpari,ma aS arnloeo,r a
prels'sUon ivdeiGr esnioNtveàla. l eed izioni Boringhieri
hap ublibcante1ol9 7i4tl r tataTteoor aisas iomatica
degliin siemi.
Lezionsie mei nari
Boringhieri
1 9 7 7
GABRIELEL OLLI
Categourinei,v ersi
e prindcirì ipflie ssione
© 197E7 ditBoorrei nsghoiceiertiaà z ipoenri
ToricnoorV,soi ttEomraniuoe8 6l e
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Indice
Prefazio7n e
l Teordieegi lnis iee dmeilc llea 1s1s i
Lat eoridai Z ennelo-FraenkLae lt eordiiaG Odel-BernaLays t eoria
diM orse-MostowMskoid eldleil le tdeeogrinlisiiee mi
2 Categloolrcmiaeen ptiec ceou lnei v3e1r si
Costruzicoantie gorei aalsis iodmias celCtaat egolroicalmee ntep iccole
Adeguateez czhai usuUrnaiv ersi
3 Prindciriì flpeis s4i5o ne
n princidpiri iofl essiloocnaleep erZ F Grandic ardinalie propriedit à
Mahlo Princìdpiiri flessigloonbeal eRifl essionee c ategorie
4 Lat eodriMi oasr eM-otsows6k3i
La fonnuldia soddisfaziSoontet ostruttuerlee mentdiari V
Lap ropriedtiàM ahloin M
Biblio8gr7a fia
Indicaena lit9i1c o

Prefazione
n contedniqu uteops atgienè es taetloa bonrealtlo' admiub ni to
semintaerinoun gtelioa nnsic oprsrie lsaFsa oc oldtiSà c ieeni zle
PolitecdinTo iricno(o n eqlu aodd rellaet tidveCoilmt iàt adteCNolR
pelraM atemaGtircuap,Gp NoSA GA,S ezi5o)en d ee diaclaslttoo u ­
didoe llnao zidoitn oep eolse mecnhtèeae rmee rsdaa lilan terazione
dellgae omeatriglae brimcoad eernd ae lla mlaotgiecmaatN ieclca o,r -
sod esle minsia srioon o inscpoensstosrlcoaoo t mioe,s tafcasotlii diosi,
pemarn candziia no fnnazipornoeb;l celmasisd iefcioni d amednetllia
matematicianp, a rtipceoqrlu aecrlheri e gu ardtae oldriaea l claet e­
goriee l ap osbsilidiiut naàs ufaorm alizzazailoltn'eierndn oiu ndoe i
sistdeimsip odniit beiodlrieaig ilnis iPeamridt.ees l e minèas ritoa ta
quinddeid icacthaia riafilclaadz iqi uoenaserti go mesnotpir,a ttutto
als ignifieca altlpo'o orptudne'ilutlcsàoo rr ednetgeuli n ivpeerlrsg i
sistemazdieollnae attetoudrialeael c laet egNoeèr ri iselu.t autnaae spo­
siziaountfeofic siuencthseee, m burtaip lreet saeirnnem anideirsat inta
es epardaatlla'o amregncteon tdreaslle em inpaeridrio v emrsoit ivi.
Innanzistdiue tvriteco o noscchleeevr eerr ea giopnecuiri l at eo­
ria degilnis ihae pmrie tleesgiot,t imadmiec notset,in teulilrs'iu ltimo
seccoolmole ad iscimpaltienam afotnidcaam enstoantloue t tfroarian ­
tesPeem.ro lstie mbcrhate u tstriiod uacal dlae finidzeilorlneeel a­
ziocnoimi en sideicm oip poired inaltari ec;o struziinosniee mistica
delslteru tmatutreema tièci hnev qeucalec doips iaiù m pegnaitni vo,
cuii nterveinmgpoonrorit saunltdtiea lttlaei o arias siomdaetgliic a
insiuenmdaie ;llt ee cnfioncdhaem aelèniq t uedlelaci o sidpdrine­tti
cipdiiri flesscihoseno enri,ol evparnotpiiri nro e laziaolplnraeo ble-
8 PREFAZIONE
maticdaeg ulin iveec rshipe e rmettionnoold tiir net rondeumlrro ed o
pinùa tuarlaclueens ete nfsoritdoien ltile ao aritat uale.
A ulni vpeilmùlo od esstdioe vaen crihlee vuanrcaee rctoan fu­sio
nes ullc'ourrseodt etlldoai ti snzitorniaen sieec mliasa slii,m entata
dalla sdciia norsfrmaezzizoadn ipiso nisbuilpllriee cfiormsaeli zzazioni
es urie ciprraoppcoird teillt ee odriiZe e rmeFlroea-nkdeilGO ,d ei-Bema
ed iM orse-oMstowess kumiio, d edliql uie stteeo. ri e
Uncao nsegudeiqn uzeass ttoad tipo r ovvisonrioeztiàe o ndie lle
delli nguadgibgi aos èce h ieril c orsaogu lin ivpeerlrsaf io n dazione
delltae odrieal clageto riee( chèie pl r oblcehmaqe u iin terèea scs­a)
cettpaastsoi vamseennctzoean, sa pevolseuzmezoa ti vdazeielo lnei
delltee cnaipcphrriaeot pea ll oruos o.
Pecro lcorhsoeo ngioài ngr addoir ecepainrtilcei,pi inma odmoo
molstcoh emlaetc iocon clduisq iuoenssitt ou diGolu.in ivienrstir odot­
tpie lraf on dazioinnes iemdiesllttiae coadri eal claeto erigdee vosnood ­
diasrfpee,rir s petltala orrmeoo tivaazuittoeinncuean ,farma o diri ­
flessriisopneeat lltcaol asdsitue t tgliii nsiVe;qm uie srteoq uisgiet­o,
neraltrmaesnctuesir ri actaodv,aa lettueir nat erpreattatzeino­ne
una
tad el/avodriMo a cLa ne( 196U1n).aa n apluinstui daellecl oes tru­
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doo rndeia,l Glrao thencidoisèeo cskt,a nziValkcm oeknnf otret e­
menitnea cceospspiubriel em,o dellid edpleri lmlooar dtiNeneoelri. a
primcoa sloari chiuelstteari orriefl edsesillimaop nlleian c eac essità
dia ssidoemlil 'imnofilnptiioitù mo p egnatidveils leam pasliscuen zione
dell'esdiiis ntaecnczeaas rsbiibtirlaigrria anmdoeicn;ct oearr ggieu n­
gerle' assdiiMo ahmlapo e lrac laOrsdsd ee gloir diNneaslle ic.o ndo
casuons ai stemcaozrrieoetndete la e gaènp toes snieblill'ea mbito
delltae odriiMa o rse-Mosntootnwa snpkteiolr, ap resdeenllzceala s­
siq,u anpteor cvhisédi i moslt'reas idsiit nesniazeramb ii teranritaem
grancdih e ssootntoo sterultetmuedrniV,et aeqri u insdoida dnisof
entrairm ebqiu piesgril utini i vIenorlstrièeda. tenperre sepnitùe ,
èheal trpoela r c hiarizfiicoalnoegi dceal nlaa tdueria problemi in
giocou,n tae rzpao ssicbhirielic thài,se odlet anto estensioni conserva­
tivdee ltlae odriiZa e rmelo-Frafeonrmkuellac,ndo oms ec helmei
condidzirii floensis eid oicn hei usuLrosa. c opprion cidpealllav eo ro
èl as piengeazd ieottadgliqia utanat oorri aas sunntecolo; r dseol la
esposiszraiaonndneiso c ussdii vpeporsriio blceommlie'a,t lernativa
trau ns oluon iveeu rsnoiv ersair bitrariamgreanntdeeis ,a radninmoo-