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Caring and Nursing:
Explorations in
Feminist Perspectives
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Caring and Nursing:
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Explorations in
Feminist Perspectives
Ruth M Neil and Robin Watts, Editors
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Center for Human Caring
National League for Nursing • New York
Pub. No. 14-2369
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NASHVILLE, tENNESSE.E.
37232
Copyright© 1991
National League for Nursing
350 Hudson Street, New York, NY 10014
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in print, or by photostatic means, or
in any other manner, without the express written permission of the publisher.
ISBN 0-88737-501-4
The views expressed in this book reflect those of the authors
and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the National
League for Nursing.
This book was set in Goudy by Publications Development Company. The editor and designer was Allan
Graubard. Clarkwood Corporation was the printer and binder. The cover was designed by Lillian Welsh.
Manufactured in the United States of America.
About the Authors
Elizabeth R. Berrey, PhD, RNCS, is Associate Clinical Professor, Frances Payne
Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland,
Ohio, and Director of Residential Treatment, Bellefaire/Jewish Children's
Bureau, University Heights, Ohio.
Elise Boulding, PhD, is Professor Emerita, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New
Hampshire.
Margaret A. Crowley, MS, RN, is Staff Nurse, Gero-Psychiatric Unit, Elliot
Hospital, Manchester, New Hampshire, and Doctoral Student, Univer
sity of Texas, Austin, Texas.
Mary E. Duffy, PhD, RN, is Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Univer
sity of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Delores A. Gaut, PhD, RN, is Visiting Professor, University of Portland, Port
land, Oregon.
Barbara Hedin, PhD, RN, is Clinical Staff Nurse, Oncology/Hospice, The
Retreat Hospital, Richmond, Virginia.
Carol Green-Hernandez, PhD, RNC, FNS, is Associate Professor of Nursing,
School of Nursing, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont.
Sharon Horner, MSN, RN, is PhD Candidate in the Nursing Program, Medical
College of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
Peggy Keen, MS, RN, works ir the lnfectuous Disease Clinic, Grady Memorial
Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, and is a PhD Candidate in Nursing, Georgia
State University, Atlanta, Georgia.
V
vi ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Nina A. Klebanoff, MSN, RNCS, is in independent practice, Dallas Geriatric
Services and is a Home Health Care Clinical Specialist. She is also a PhD
Candidate at Texas Women's University, Denton, Texas.
Virginia Knowlden, EdD, RN, is Associate Professor and Director of the Mas
ter's in Nursing Program, Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing, Division of
Nursing, St. Joseph College, West Hartford, Connecticut.
Kathleen I. MacPherson, PhD, is Professor and Associate Dean, School of
Nursing, University of Southern Maine, Portland, Maine.
Karen L. Miller, PhD, RN, is Assistant Director of Nursing/ Administrative
Research, The Children's Hospital, and Assistant Professor, School of
Nursing, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver,
Colorado.
Ruth M. Neil, MN, RN, is PhD Candidate, University of Colorado Health
Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado.
Susan Poslusny, MSN, RN, is PhD Candidate, College of Nursing, University
of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois.
Carol Roberts, MSN, RN, is Associate Professor of Nursing, University of
New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire.
Sheila K. Smith, MSN, RN, is Instructor/Lecturer, School of Nursing, Uni
versity of Wisconsin, Eau Claire, Wisconsin.
Debbie Ward, PhD, RN.
Robin Watts, MSN, RN, is PhD Candidate, University of Colorado Health
Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado.
Denise Webster, PhD, RNCS, is Associate Professor, School of Nursing, Uni
versity of Colorado, Denver, Colorado.
Marylouise Welch, PhD, RN, is Assistant Professor, St. Joseph College, West
Hartford, Connecticut.
Patricia Yaros, PhD, RN.
Contents
Preface ix
Introduction 1
Ruth M. Neil and Robin Watts
1 Caring and Nursing: Explorations in Feminist
Perspectives-Introductory Remarks 5
Delores A. Gaut
2 How Women Are Reshaping Community, Locally
and Globally • 9
Elise Boulding
3 Looking at Caring and Nursing Through a
Feminist Lens 25
Kathleen I. MacPherson
4 A Study of Nursing's Feminist Ideology 43
Karen L. Miller
5 Researching the Lives of Eminent Women in Nursing:
Rozella M. Schlotfeldt 57
Elizabeth R. Berrey
6 The Context of Feminism and Nursing in 19th-Century
Victorian England 67
Marylouise Welch
vii
viii CONTENTS
7 The Feminist Movement and the Science and
Profession of Nursing: Analogies and Paradoxes 77
Patricia S. Y aros
8 Professional Nurse Caring: A Proposed Conceptual
Model for Nursing 85
Carol Green-Hemande.t
9 Gender and Cost in Caring 97
Debbie Ward
10 lntersubjective Copresence in a Caring Model 107
Sharon Horner
11 Mental Health: The Politics of Self-Care 117
Denise Webster
12 Mother-Blaming in the Nursing Care of the
Chronically Mentally Ill: The Politics of Caregiving 137
Carol Roberts
13 Codependency: Caring or Suicide for Nurses and
Nursing? 151
Nina A. Klebanoff
14 Friendship as a Paradigm for Nursing Science: Using
Scientific Subjectivity and Ethical Interaction to
Promote Understanding and Social Change 163
Susan M. Poslusny
15 Caring for Ourselves 173
Peggy Keen
16 Feminist Pedagogy: Nurturing the Ethical Ideal 189
Margaret A. Crowley
17 Nurse Caring as Constructed Knowledge 201
Virginia Knowlden
18 A Feminist Analysis of Constructs of Health 209
Sheila K. Smith
19 Researching: Designing Research from a
Feminist Perspective 227
Barbara A. Hedin and Mary E. Duffy
