Table Of ContentCare Planning in Children
and Young People’s Nursing
For Breige Morgan, a contributing co-author of Chapter 37, who
died suddenly on 12 October 2010. Breige had a huge personality,
and she was a great inspiration to her colleagues, and to many sick
children and their families.
Care Planning in Children
and Young People’s Nursing
Edited by
Doris Corkin
Teaching Fellow (Children’s Team)
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Queen’s University Belfast
Sonya Clarke
Senior Teaching Fellow (Children’s & Orthopaedic/Trauma Nursing)
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Queen’s University Belfast
Lorna Liggett
Discipline Lead (Children’s Nursing)
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Queen’s University Belfast
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
This edition fi rst published 2012
© 2012 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Care planning in children and young people’s nursing / edited by Doris Corkin, Sonya Clarke, Lorna Liggett.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-9928-5 (pbk. : alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 1-4051-9928-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Pediatric nursing. 2. Nursing care plans. I. Corkin,
Doris. II. Clarke, Sonya. III. Liggett, Lorna.
[DNLM: 1. Patient Care Planning. 2. Pediatric Nursing–methods. 3. Adolescent. 4. Child. 5. Nursing
Care–methods. 6. Risk Assessment. WY 159]
RJ245.C368 2011
618.92'00231–dc23
2011015846
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
This book is published in the following electronic formats: ePDF 9781444346039; ePub 9781444346046;
Mobi 9781444346053
Set in 10/12 pt Trump Mediaeval by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited, Hong Kong
1 2012
Contents
Foreword xi
Preface xii
Contributors xiv
Acknowledgements xxvi
Section 1: Principles of Care Planning 1
1 The Nature of Care Planning and Nursing Delivery for Infants,
Children and Young People 3
Doris Corkin and Pauline Cardwell
Introduction 3
Nursing process – what is the nursing process? 3
Nursing diagnoses 6
Planning care – what is a care plan? 7
Philosophy of care 9
What are nursing models 9
Summary 15
References 19
2 Risk Assessment and Management 21
Sonya Clarke and Doris Corkin
Introduction 21
Risk assessment 21
Main sources of risk 22
Categories of risk 23
Risk management 24
Examples of risk 24
Following an incident 24
Summary 25
References 25
3 Safeguarding to Protect Children, Young People and Their Families 27
Lorna Liggett
Introduction 27
Inquiry into Victoria Climbié 27
Recognition of child abuse and neglect 28
Policies and procedures 31
Assessment 34
Record-keeping 35
vi Contents
Roles and responsibilities 36
Summary 37
References 38
4 Ethical and Legal Implications When Planning Care for Children
and Young People 39
Orla McAlinden
Introduction 39
Ethics and morality 40
The law 42
What is advocacy? 43
The rights of the child 44
Consent 45
Challenges to healthcare decisions and actions 45
Evidence-based practice 46
Documentation within care planning 46
Summary 47
References 48
5 Young People and Truth Telling 50
Catherine Monaghan
Introduction 50
Summary 55
References 56
6 Sexual Health 57
Jim Richardson
Introduction 57
Answers to questions 58
Some facts 59
Summary 61
References 61
7 Integrated Care Pathways 62
Pauline Cardwell and Philomena Morrow
Introduction 62
The origins of integrated care pathways 63
What are integrated care pathways? 63
How do integrated care pathways contribute to evidence-based practice? 66
Summary 67
References 67
8 Interprofessional Assessment and Care Planning in Critical Care 69
Philomena Morrow
Introduction 69
Case study 69
Interprofessional working 70
ABCDE assessment framework 73
Assessment of disability 76
Contents vii
Summary 79
References 79
9 Practice Education Facilitator, Mentor and Student – Supporting the
Planning of Care 81
Michael Davidson and Nuala Devlin
Introduction 81
Role of mentors 82
Practice education facilitator role 82
Case study 84
Summary 87
References 87
10 Holistic Care – Family Partnership in Practice 89
Erica Brown
Introduction 89
Family-centred care 90
Families adapting to their child’s illness 90
Empowering parents 92
Summary 94
References 94
11 From Hospital to Home – Parents’ Refl ective Account 96
Ian and Nicola Markwell
Introduction 96
Planning care 97
Hospital to home 99
Living with Ryan and his tracheostomy 100
Parents as carers 101
Siblings and extended family 102
Our son Ryan 103
Ryan’s education 103
Giving something back 104
Section 2: Care Planning – Pain Management 105
12 Managing a Neonate in an Intensive Care Unit 107
Clare Morfoot and Susanne Simmons
Answers to questions 108
References 114
13 Epidural Analgesia 116
Michelle Bennett and Sharon Douglass
Answers to questions 117
References 121
Section 3: Care of Children and Young Persons with Special Needs 123
14 Young Person with a History of Epilepsy 125
Alan Forster
viii Contents
The epilepsies 126
Answers to questions 127
Seizures 130
References 136
Websites for further reading 138
15 Nut Allergy – Anaphylaxis Management 139
Diane Gow
Answers to questions 140
References 146
16 Closed Head Injury 147
Katie Dowdie and Carol McCormick
Answers to questions 148
References 159
17 Obesity 160
Janice Christie
Answers to questions 162
Summary 169
References 170
Section 4: Care of Neonates and Children with Respiratory Disorders 173
18 Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome 175
Susanne Simmons and Clare Morfoot
Answers to questions 176
References 182
19 Cystic Fibrosis 183
Hazel Mills and Mary MacFarlane
Answers to questions 184
References 189
20 Asthma 191
Barbara Maxwell
Answers to questions 192
References 198
Section 5: Care of Infants and Young Persons with Cardiac Conditions 199
21 Cardiac Catheterisation 201
Pauline Carson
Answers to questions 202
References 207
22 Infant with Cardiac Failure 208
Anne Finnegan
Contents ix
Answers to questions 209
References 219
Section 6: Care Planning – Surgical Procedures 223
23 Tonsillectomy 225
Kathryn O’Hara and Doris Corkin
Answers to questions 226
References 231
24 Appendicectomy 233
Lorna Liggett
Answers to questions 234
References 240
Section 7: Care of Infants and Young Persons with Orthopaedic Conditions 241
25 Ilizarov Frame 243
Sonya Clarke
Answers to questions 245
References 254
26 Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip 256
Sonya Clarke
Answers to questions 258
References 262
Section 8: Care of the Gastro-intestinal Tract in Infants and Children 263
27 Gastro-oesophageal Refl ux 265
Doris Corkin and Heather McKee
Answers to questions 266
References 271
28 Cerebral Palsy and Nasogastric Tube Feeding 272
Gillian McEwing
Answers to questions 273
References 280
29 Enteral Feeding – Gastrostomy Care 282
Catherine Paxton
Answers to questions 283
References 290
Section 9: Care of Children and Young Persons with Endocrine Disorders 291
30 Nephrotic Syndrome 293
Janet Kelsey
x Contents
Answers to questions 294
References 299
31 Newly Diagnosed Diabetic 300
Pauline Cardwell and Doris Corkin
What is diabetes mellitus? 301
Answers to questions 301
References 307
32 Acute Renal Failure/Kidney Injury 308
Hazel Gibson, Gloria Hook and Rosi Simpson
Answers to questions 309
References 315
Further reading 316
Section 10: Care of Infants and Young Persons with Skin Conditions 319
33 Infant with Infected Eczema 321
Gilli Lewis and Debbie Rickard
Answers to questions 322
References 329
34 Burns Injury 332
Idy Fu
Answers to questions 333
References 339
Section 11: Care of Children and Young Persons with Life-Limiting
Conditions 341
35 Young Person with Spinal Muscular Atrophy 343
Doris Corkin and Julie Chambers
Answers to questions 344
References 350
36 HIV/AIDS 352
Karen Salmon
Answers to questions 356
References 359
37 Bereavement Support 361
Una Hughes and Breige Morgan
Answers to questions 362
Summary 366
References 367
Appendices 368
Index 391
