Cardiac Mapping

841 Pages·2003·59.33 MB·English

by  Mohammad Shenasa

Cardiac Mapping
Second Edition
Edited by
Mohammad Shenasa, MD
Attending Physician
Department of Cardiovascular Services
O'Connor Hospital;
Heart and Rhythm Medical Group
San Jose, California
Martin Borggrefe, MD
Professor of Medicine (Cardiology)
Head, Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology
Klinikum Mannheim GmbH
Universitatsklinikum
Fakultat fur Klinische Medizin Mannheim
der Universitat Heidelberg
Mannheim, Germany
Gunter Breithardt, MD
Professor of Medicine (Cardiology)
Head, Department of Cardiology and Angiology
and Institute of Arteriosclerosis Research
Hospital of the Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster
Munster, Germany
Futura, an imprint of Blackwell Publishing
© 2003 by Futura, an imprint of Blackwell Publishing
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reviewer who may quote brief passages in a review.
03 04 05 06 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN: 0-87993-404-2
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cardiac mapping / edited by Mohammad Shenasa, Martin Borggrefe, Gunter
Breithardt.—2nd ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-87993-404-2 (alk. paper)
1. Arrhythmia. 2. Electrocardiography. I. Shenasa, Mohammad.
II. Borggrefe, Martin. III. Breithardt, Gunter. [DNLM: 1.
Electrocardiography. 2. Electrophysiology. 3. Heart
Diseases—physiopathology. WG 140 C267 2003]
RC685.A65 C287 2003
616.1'28—dc21 2002014632
A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library
Acquisitions: Steven Korn
Production: Joanna Levine
Typesetter: International Typesetting and Composition, in New Delhi, India
Printed and bound by Walsworth Publishing Company, in Marceline, MO USA
For further information on Blackwell Publishing, visit our website:
www.futuraco.com
This book is dedicated to those who paved the "roads of cardiac mapping"
To all who taught us: our mentors, colleagues, students, and patients
We also dedicate this book to our wives, children, and parents
for their continuous lifetime support and love
iii
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to our friends and col- work. Our special thanks to Joanna Levine
leagues for their excellent state-of-the- for her tireless efforts in editorial assis-
art contribution to the second edition of tance, and to Steve Korn and Jacques
Cardiac Mapping. We deeply appreciate Strauss of Blackwell Publishing's Futura
Ms. Maryam Shenasa for her superb Division for their support and advice in
assistance during the preparation of this completing this project.
v
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Contributors
Maria Alcaraz, MD Jacques Billette, MD, PhD
Chief, Radiology Service, Hospital Professor of Physiology, Department
Santa Cristina, Madrid, Spain de Physiologie, Universite de Mon-
treal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Maurits Allessie, MD, PhD
Susan M. Blanchard, PhD
Professor of Physiology, Head,
Professor of Biological and Agricul-
Department of Physiology, Univer-
tural Engineering, North Carolina
sity of Limburg, Maastricht, The
State University, Raleigh, NC
Netherlands
Lucas Boersma, MD
Thabet Al-Sheikh, MD
Department of Physiology, Univer-
Consulting Electrophysiologist, Car-
sity of Limburg, Maastricht, The
diology Consultants, Pensacola, FL
Netherlands
Gregory T. Altemose, MD
Martin Borggrefe, MD
Consulting Electrophysiologist, Professor of Medicine (Cardiology),
Mount Carmel Health System, Head, Department of Cardiology,
Columbus, OH Angiology and Pneumology, Klinikum
Mannheim GmbH, Universitat-
Shlomo A. Ben-Haim, MD, DSc
sklinikum, Fakultat fur Klinische
Professor of Medicine, Faculty of
Medizin Mannheim der Universitat
Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute
Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Gunter Breithardt, MD, FACC,
Edward J. Berbari, PhD
FESC
Professor of Electrical Engineering Professor of Medicine (Cardiology),
and Medicine, Director of Biomedical Head, Department of Cardiology and
Engineering, Biomedical Engineer- Angiology and Institute of Arte-
ing Program, Indiana University riosclerosis Research, Hospital of the
Purdue University Indianapolis, Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat
Indianapolis, IN Miinster, Munster, Germany
Martin Biermann, MD Josep Brugada, MD, PhD
Department of Cardiology and Angi- Associate Professor of Medicine,
ology, Hospital of the Westfalische Arrhythmia Section, Cardiovascular
Wilhelms-UniversitatTMunster,TER, Institute, Hospital Clinic, University
Munster, Germany of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
vII
viii CARDIAC MAPPING
Riccardo Cappato, MD Andre d'Avila, MD
Chief, Center of Clinical Arrhythmia Clinical Arrhythmias and Pacemaker
and Electrophysiology, Instituto Poli- Unit, Heart Institute (InCor)—
clinico San Donato, San Donato University of Sao Paulo Medical
Milanese, Milan, Italy School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
Jacques M.T. de Bakker, PhD
Corrado Carbucicchio, MD
Professor of Experimental Electro-
Centro Cardiologico Fondazione
physiology, Department of Experi-
Monzino IRCCS, Instituto di
mental Cardiology, University of
Cardiologia dell'Universita, Milan,
Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Nether-
Italy
lands; Department of Cardiology, Uni-
versity of Utrecht, Utrecht, The
Rene Cardinal, PhD
Netherlands
Professor of Pharmacology, Depart-
ment of Pharmacology, Universite de Paolo Delia Bella, MD
Montreal and Research Center, Centro Cardiologico Fondazione
Hopital du Sacre-Coeur de Montreal, Monzino IRCCS, Instituto di Cardi-
Montreal, Quebec, Canada ologia deH'Universita, Milan, Italy
Edward B. Caref, PhD Igor R. Efimov, PhD
Research Associate, Cardiology Elmer L. Lindseth Associate Profes-
Research Program, NY Harbor VA sor of Biomedical Engineering, Case
Health Care Center, Brooklyn Western Reserve University, Cleve-
land, OH
Campus, Brooklyn, NY
Nabil El-Sherif, MD
Xu Chen, MD
Professor of Medicine and Physiol-
Kardiologisk Laboratorium,
ogy and Director of Cardiac Electro-
Department of Medicine, Rigshos-
physiology Program, State
pitalet Blegdamsvej, Copenhagen,
University of New York, Downstate
Denmark
Medical Center; Chief, Cardiology
Division, NY Harbor VA Health Care
Kee-Joon Choi, MD
Center, Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn,
Hopital Cardiologique du Haut-
NY
Leveque, Bordeaux-Pessac, France
Sabine Ernst, MD
Jacques Clementy, MD II Medizinische Abteilung, Allg.
Hopital Cardiologique du Haut- Krankenhaus St. Georg, Hamburg,
Leveque, Bordeaux-Pessac, France Germany
Gaetano Fassini, MD
Francisco G. Cosio, MD, FESC, FACC
Centro Cardiologico Fondazione
Chief, Cardiology Service, Hospital
Monzino IRCCS, Instituto di Cardi-
Universitario de Getafe, Madrid,
ologia dell'Universita, Milan, Italy
Spain
Vladimir G. Fast, PhD
D. Wyn Davies, MD Assistant Professor, Department of
Consultant Cardiologist, St. Mary's Biomedical Engineering, University
Hospital and Imperial College School of Alabama at Birmingham, Birm-
of Medicine, London, UK ingham, AL
CONTRIBUTORS ix
Peter L. Friedman, MD, PhD Gerhard Hindricks, MD
Associate Professor of Medicine, Har- University of Leipzig Heart Center,
vard Medical School, Boston, MA; Co-director, Department of Electro-
Director, Clinical Cardiac Electro- physiology, Leipzig, Germany
physiology Laboratory, Cape Cod
Meleze Hocini, MD
Hospital, Hyannis, MA; Physician,
Hopital Cardiologique du Haut-
Brigham and Women's Hospital,
Leveque, Bordeaux-Pessac, France
Boston, MA
Raymond E. Ideker, MD, PhD
Paola Galimberti, MD
Jeanne V. Marks Professor of Medi-
Centro Cardiologico Fondazione
cine, Professor of Physiology, Profes-
Monzino IRCCS, Instituto di Cardi-
sor of Biomedical Engineering,
ologia dell'Universita, Milan, Italy
University of Alabama at Birming-
Hasan Garan, MD ham, Birmingham, AL
Professor of Medicine, Columbia Uni-
Pierre Jais, MD
versity College of Physicians and
Hopital Cardiologique du Haut-
Surgeons; Director of Cardiac Elec-
Leveque, Bordeaux-Pessac, France
trophysiology, Columbia Presbyter-
ian Medical Center, New York, NY Michiel J. Janse, MD
Professor of Experimental Cardiol-
Stephane Garrigue, MD
ogy, Editor-in-Chief, Cardiovascular
Hopital Cardiologique du Haut- Research, University of Amsterdam,
Leveque, Bordeaux-Pessac, France Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Antonio Goicolea, MD, FESC Robert Johna, MD
Cardiac Electrophysiology Labora- Department of Cardiology and Angi-
tory, Clinica Nuestra Senora de ology and Institute of Arteriosclero-
America, Madrid, Spain sis Research, Hospital of the
Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat
Michel Haissaguerre, MD
Miinster, Miinster, Germany
Hopital Cardiologique du Haut-
Leveque, Bordeaux-Pessac, France Eric E. Johnson, MD
Cardiology, Stern Cardiovascular
Helena Hanninen, MD
Center, Memphis, TN
Division of Cardiology, Department
of Medicine, and BioMag Laboratory, Mark E. Josephson, MD
Helsinki University Central Hospi- Chief, Cardiovascular Division, Beth
tal, Helsinki, Finland Israel Deaconess Medical Center;
Professor of Medicine, Harvard Med-
Wilhelm Haverkamp, MD
ical School, Boston, MA
Department of Cardiology and Angi-
ology and Institute of Arteriosclero- Alan Kadish, MD
sis Research, Hospital of the Professor and Senior Associate Chief,
Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Division of Cardiology, Northwest-
Minister, Minister, Germany ern University, Chicago, IL
Francois Helie, MSc Wilhelm Kaltenbrunner, MD
Graduate Student, Department of The Ludwig Boltzmann Arrhythmia
Pharmacology, Universite de Mon- Research Institute, Wilhelminenspi-
treal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada tal, Vienna, Austria