Carbon Capture Technologies for Gas-Turbine-Based Power Plants

262 Pages·2022·7.357 MB·English

by  Hamidreza Gohari Darabkhani, Hirbod Varasteh, Bahamin Bazooyar

C A R B O N C A P T U R E
T E C H N O L O G I E S F O R
G A S - T U R B I N E - B A S E D
P O W E R P L A N T S
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C A R B O N C A P T U R E
T E C H N O L O G I E S F O R
G A S - T U R B I N E - B A S E D
P O W E R P L A N T S
HAMIDREZA GOHARI DARABKHANI
LowCarbonand Renewable Energy Systems, Staffordshire University,
Stoke-on-Trent, United Kingdom
HIRBOD VARASTEH
Civil Engineering,University of Derby,Derby,United Kingdom
BAHAMIN BAZOOYAR
Low-CarbonEnergy Systems, CranfieldUniversity,Bedford, United Kingdom
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Dedication
Dedicatedto the loving memoryof my father,Mr YAHYAGohariDarabkhani(1946(cid:1)2021),
who showed mehowto live a simple life with passion and morality.
(cid:1)Hamidreza Gohari Darabkhani
Dedicatedto mywife Mrs Hamraz Sahebirashti, mydaughter Tida, mymother
Shanaz Mirjafari, and myfatherMr Mohammadsaeid Varasteh.
(cid:1)Hirbod Varasteh
Dedicated to my mother, Tahereh Salmanian (1956(cid:1)2009).
(cid:1)Bahamin Bazooyar
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Contents
Preface ........................................................................................................xiii
Acknowledgment ........................................................................................xv
1 An introduction to gas turbine systems .........................................................1
1.1 Introduction..........................................................................................1
1.2 Introduction to the gas turbine technology .......................................3
1.3 Categories of gas turbines...................................................................5
1.4 Type of gas turbine..............................................................................7
1.4.1 Single-shaft gas turbine..............................................................8
1.4.2 Dual-shaft gas turbine with a power turbine............................9
1.4.3 Triple-shaft gas turbine with a power turbine..........................9
1.4.4 Open and closed thermodynamic cycles of gas turbine........10
1.5 Environmental impact........................................................................13
1.6 Summary............................................................................................16
References................................................................................................. 16
2 Main technologies in CO capture.................................................................19
2
2.1 Post-combustion capture................................................................... 19
2.1.1 Physical absorption...................................................................20
2.1.2 Selective exhaust gas recirculation (S-EGR) method.............20
2.2 Pre-combustion capture..................................................................... 23
2.2.1 Chemical process......................................................................24
2.2.2 Membrane..................................................................................24
2.2.3 Hydrogen production technologies.........................................25
2.3 Oxy-fuel combustion capture............................................................29
2.3.1 Oxy-combustion classification.................................................30
2.4 CO Capture technologies comparison............................................33
2
2.5 Summary............................................................................................34
Reference................................................................................................... 36
3 Oxyturbine power cycles and gas-CCS technologies..............................39
3.1 Semiclosed oxycombustion combined cycle................................. 39
3.1.1 Semiclosed oxycombustion combined cycle technologies...41
3.2 The COOPERATE cycle .................................................................... 42
3.2.1 The COOPERATE cycle technologies.....................................43
vii
viii
Contents
3.3 The MATIANT cycle ......................................................................... 44
3.4 The E-MATIANT cycle...................................................................... 45
3.5 CC-MATIANT cycle........................................................................... 46
3.5.1 CC-METIANT technologies.....................................................49
3.6 The Graz cycle.................................................................................. 50
3.6.1 Graz cycle technologies..........................................................52
3.7 The S-Graz cycle............................................................................... 52
3.7.1 The S-Graz cycle technologies...............................................54
3.8 The AZEP 100% cycle....................................................................... 54
3.8.1 The AZEP 100% cycle technologies.......................................55
3.9 The AZEP 85% cycle......................................................................... 56
3.10 The ZEITMOP cycle..........................................................................56
3.10.1 ZEITMOP technologies .........................................................58
3.11 The COOLCEP-S cycle...................................................................... 59
3.11.1 COOLCEP technologies.........................................................61
3.12 The COOLCEP-C cycle...................................................................... 61
3.12.1 COOLCEP-C technologies.....................................................62
3.13 Novel O /CO cycle........................................................................... 62
2 2
3.13.1 The novel O /CO technologies............................................64
2 2
3.14 NetPower cycle................................................................................. 64
3.15 Clean energy system cycle.............................................................. 66
3.15.1 The clean energy system technologies...............................67
3.16 Natural gas combined cycle............................................................ 68
3.17 The natural gas combined cycle power plant with
postcombustion capture.................................................................. 68
3.18 Summary ..........................................................................................70
References................................................................................................. 71
4 Process modelling and performance analysis of the leading
oxyturbine cycles...............................................................................................75
4.1 Introduction........................................................................................ 75
4.2 Oxycombustion power cycle theories and calculations.................. 76
4.2.1 Thermodynamic concept and equations.................................76
4.2.2 Exergy equations for the oxyfuel combustion cycle..............77
4.2.3 Exergy destruction equations...................................................80
4.2.4 Equation of state for gas turbine and steam turbine..............82
4.3 Modelling and simulation.................................................................. 85
4.3.1 Plant simulation with a numerical approach..........................85
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Contents
4.3.2 Aspen Plus pros and cons........................................................85
4.3.3 Modelling equipment in Aspen Plus .......................................86
4.3.4 MATLAB code link with Aspen Plus ........................................87
4.4 Oxy combustion cycles modelling and simulation......................... 88
4.4.1 The semiclosed oxycombustion combined cycle
cycle modelling and analysis.................................................88
4.4.2 The COOPERATE cycle modelling and analysis...................89
4.4.3 The E-MATIANT cycle modelling and analysis.....................89
4.4.4 The CC_MATIANT cycle modelling and
analysis ....................................................................................94
4.4.5 The Graz cycle modelling and analysis.................................94
4.4.6 The S-Graz cycle modelling and analysis..............................97
4.4.7 The AZEP 100% cycle modelling and analysis......................97
4.4.8 The ZEITMOP cycle modelling and analysis.......................100
4.4.9 The cool clean efficient power-s cycle modelling and
analysis ..................................................................................100
4.4.10 The cool clean efficient power-c cycle modelling and
analysis ..................................................................................104
4.4.11 The Novel O /CO modelling and analysis..........................104
2 2
4.4.12 The NetPower cycle modelling and analysis......................106
4.4.13 The S-CES cycle modelling and analysis............................106
4.5 Exergy analysis of leading oxycombustion cycles........................ 109
4.5.1 The semiclosed oxycombustion combined cycle
modelling and analysis.........................................................109
4.5.2 The COOPERATE cycle modelling and analysis.................112
4.5.3 The E-MATIANT cycle modelling and analysis...................115
4.5.4 The CC_MATIANT cycle modelling and analysis................119
4.5.5 The Graz cycle modelling and analysis...............................137
4.5.6 The S-Graz cycle modelling and analysis............................138
4.5.7 The AZEP 100% cycle modelling and analysis....................138
4.5.8 The ZEITMOP cycle modelling and analysis.......................139
4.5.9 The cool clean efficient power-S (COOLCEP-S)
cycle modelling and analysis...............................................141
4.5.10 The cool clean efficient power-C (COOLCEP-C)
cycle modelling and analysis...............................................143
4.5.11 The Novel O /CO modelling and analysis..........................145
2 2
4.5.12 The NetPower cycle modelling and analysis......................148
4.5.13 The S-CES cycle modelling and analysis............................149