Table Of ContentE、l・fia,'fiokyo,27(2):387-403,November13,1999
CantharidBeetlesoftheGenusHabronychus
(Coleoptera,Cantharidae) fromTaiwan,
withDescriptionofaNewSubgenus
YuichiOKUsHIMA
KurashikiMuseumofNaturalHistory,
Chuo2-6-1,Kurashiki-shi,OkayamaProf.,710-0046Japan
and
MasatakaSATo
LaboratoryofNatureConservation,GraduateSchoolofNagoyaWomen'sUniversity,
Mizuho-ku,Nagoya,467-8610Japan
Abstract Twonew speciesof thegenusHab1-onychusare describedandillus-
tratedfromTaiwanunderthenamesH.1onglco1・nlsandH. lalas11a,1ensls. Twospecies,
Stenot/1emusfu1'catusandAthe'11e11us inte11-ni?tus,aretransferredtothegenusHab・,orly-
c1/us.All thefourspeciesbelongtothenewsubgenusMonohab1-o,lychus. Akey ispro-
videdtoalltheHab1om,chilsspeciesfromTaiwanonthebasisofmales.
WITTMER(1981)appliedthegenericnameHab1onychtlstoAnolisusrubicundus
CHAMPION,1926, fromBurma(Myanmar)withapreliminarydescription.Atthesame
time,heerectedthesubgenusMacrohab1-onychusforsomeHimalayanspecies,which
are distinguished from thenominotypical subgenusby morphological difference in
hindclaws. After that, thesameauthor (1982) carefully dealt with the Taiwanese
speciesofthegenus,transferredMalthlmlssauter1Pfc,1934,toit,anddescribedtwo
newspecies,Habr〔)nychu.snantouanusandH kurosawa1.
Following tohim, IsHIDA (1986) and SATo (1986) recorded fromJapan three
baht,onychusspeciesintotalincludingtwonewspecies,allbelongingtoHabronychus
(s.str).
Recently,wereexaminedthecollectionsofoursandofsomeother institutions in
Japan,andwere fortunatetofind twoadditional speciesof thegenus fromTaiwan.
Afteracarefulexamination, ithasbecomeclearthattheyarenewtoscience,aswillbe
describedinthepresentpaper.Stenothemusfu;catusWITTMER,1986andAtheme11us
intermix:tus(WITTMER, 1954) should alsobelong to thesamegenus. However, these
fourspeciesshareacharacterstateofclawsnot foundinthenominotypica1subgenus
and Macrohab1-onyc/1tls, and seem to form a new subgenus, which will be called
388 YuichiOKUsHIMAandMasatakaSAT0
Monohabronychus.
AllthesevenspeciesofthegenusHabronychushithertoknown fromTaiwan,in-
cludingthetwonewspecies,aresummarizedinakeybasedontheirmales.
Wewish toexpress our hearty thanksto thelateDr. WalterWITTMERof the
NaturhistorischesMuseumBasel forpermittingusloanorreexaminationofsometype
specimens,andtoDr.Shun-IchiUENooftheNationalScienceMuseum(Nat.Hist),
Tokyo, forhiscritical readingoftheoriginalmanuscriptandconstantguidance. 0ur
thanks a「e also due to Drs. Yasuaki WATANABE, Yutaka ARITA, Mamoru OwADA,
Masaaki TOMOKUNI, AkihikoSHINoHARA,ShuheiNoMURA, Masahiro SAKAI, Akiko
SAITo,ToshioSENoH,KouichiMATSUMOTOandToshioKIsHIMoTo,thelateDr.Kintaro
BABA, and Messrs. Toru SHIMoMURA,Shusei SAITo, Hiroaki HIRAMATsU, Michiaki
HASEGAWA,YoshiyasuKUsAKABE,Masaaki KIMURA,Chun-LinL1andRikioMATSU-
MOTOfortheirkindsupportofinvaluablematerials.
Thespecimensexaminedinthepresentstudy, includingthetypeseriesofnew
species,aredepositedinthefollowinginstitutionstobereferredtobyabbreviationsin
thetext:CBM:NaturalHistoryMuseumandInstitute,Chiba;KURA:KurashikiMu_
seumofNaturalHistory;NHMB:NaturhistorischesMuseumBasel;NSMT:National
Science Museum (Nat. Hist), Tokyo;NWU: NagoyaWomens' University; TUA:
TokyoUniversityofAgriculture,andEUM:EhimeUniversity,Matsuyama.
ThisstudyissupportedinpartbytheGrant-in-aid forScientificResearchNo.
01041099 forFieldResearchoftheMonbusho InternationalScientificResearchPro_
gram,Japan.
GenusHalbronychusWITTMER
baht'onyChuSWITTMER,1981,Entbasil.,6:399(preliminarydescription);1982,Enl.Rev.Japan,37:124
- ISHIDA,1986,Trans.Shikokuent.Soc..17:215.
Typespecies:AnolisusrubicundusCHAMPION,1926,bymonotypy.
WITTMER(1982)designatedMalthinussauteriasthetypespeciesofthegenus
Habronychus,butoneyearbefore,he(l981)usedHabronychusforAnoljsusrubjcun_
dusWithapreliminarydescription.Anolisusrubicundusshouldthereforeberegarded
asthetypeofthegenusHabr()nychus.IsHIDA(1986)pointedthisout,butdjdnotpro_
posechangeoftypespecies.
WITTMER(1982)statedthatthegenusHab1-onychuswasrelatedtothegenusAthe_
me11uSWITTMER,1972(downgradedbyWITTMER(1995)toasubgenusofthegenus
Athemus).However,accordingtoourrecentobservation,almostall thespecjesof
.HabronychusaresimilartothemembersofthegenusStenothemusBOURGEOIS,1g07,
Figs. 1-9. Hab'onychus(Habronyc/1us)spp fromTaiwan. - 1-2,7,H.(H)satlterj(pfc);1, from
Mt. LalaShan; 2, from Meifeng;7, (3(holotype) fromKankau. - 3-4,8, H.(ff)nantotlantls
WITTMER;3, from Meishan -TienChi;4, fromTienChi;8, (holotype)fromMeifeng _
5-6,9,H.(ff)kurosawaiWITTMER;5,(f fromMt.Lalashan;6, fromNanshanchi;9,(3(holotype)
fromPilu-Shenmu.
HabronychtlsfromTaiwan 389
390 YtlichiOKUsHIMAand MasatakaSAT0
ratherthantothoseofAtheme11us,inthefollowingpoints:headsomewhatswollenin
vertexa1area,particularly inmale; fusedparamereofmalegenitaliabeingdeeplycleft
ontheventralside,ventralprocessanddorsalplateofeachlateral lobeareapproach-
ing;apairoflaterophysespresentbetweenmedianlobeanddorsalplates,moderately
developedbutmuchshorter thanlateral lobes,withthebasalpartsurmountinglatero-
physesmoreorlessglobularlyswollen.
Ontheotherhand,themostmembersofthegenusHabr・onychusareclearlydis-
tinguished fromthoseofthegenusSlenothemusbythefollowingpoints:9thabdomi-
nalsterniteinmaleveryslender(Figs.13,27);basalpieceofmalegenitaliaverywide,
notstronglysqueezedatthebase,andwithoutnoticeableprocessatthecentreofven-
tralside;basalpartsurmountinglaterophysesinthemalegenitalianotsoswollen.Be-
sides, the following charactersarealsouseful for distinguishing the Habronychus
members fromthemostspeciesofStenothemus:maleantennaevery long, reaching
neartheapicesofelytra,segments3rdto11theachsomewhatdepressed;pronotum
usuallysubrectangular,longer thanwide,andmuchnarrower thanheadinmale;each
clawof foreandmiddlelegsprovidedwithasmallpointedprocessat thebase(Fig.
15)withtheexceptionofthesubgenusMonohabronychus;8thabdominalsterniteof
femaleprovidedwithasmallmembranousplateatthecentreofterminalmargin.Sea-
sonalappearanceofadultsislimitedtoaperiodfromthespringtotheearlysummer.
Twenty-twospecieshithertoknownofthegenus.Habronychusarerecorded from
theOrientalandtheeasternPalearcticRegions, thoughmanyspecieshavebeende-
scribedfromtheHimalayas.Inthepresentpaper,onlytheTaiwanesespeciesaredealt
with.
WITTMER (1981) erected the subgenus Mac1-ohab1-onychus for large-sized
Halb1-onychusspecies fromtheHimalayas, whichcanbedistinguishedby havinga
toothoneachclaw,notonlyof foreandmiddlelegsbutalsoofhindlegs.Nospecies
ofthissubgenushavebeenrecordedfromTaiwanuntilnow.
SubgenusHabronychuss.str.
Themembersofthissubgenusischaracterizedbyhavingasmallpointedtoothon
eachclawinforeandmiddlelegs,butlackingitintheclawsofhindlegs.
Habronychus(JHabronychus)sauteri(Pfc)
(Figs.l-2,7,10-15)
Malthinussaute,・tPfc,1934,Ent.Anz.,14:46.
baht'onychussatlteri':WITTMER,1982,Ent.Rev.Japan,37: l25,pl4,figs6-7.
Specimensex:a,mned. [Taiwan]: 1 Kankau(=Kankou, Taipei Hsien?), VII-
,
i912,H.SAUTERleg.(holotype,NHMB);1 ,Mt.Lalashan,1,900m,NEslope,Taipei
Hsien,7-IV-1981,T.SHIMoMURAleg. (NSMT);1 Mt.Lalashan,TaoyuanHsien,4-
,
IV-1991,Y. 0KUsHIMAleg. (KURA);2 Mao-muShan(Pa-san-ling Lin-tao), alt.
,
baht-on、chtlsfromTaiwan 391
2,550-2,600m, Jen-al Hsiang,NantouHsien, 22-V-1991, A.SAITo leg. (CBM-ZI
29279,29281);1e,Meifeng,NantouHsien,12-V-1994,T. KlsHIMoTo leg. (KURA);
1 Pilu,HualienHsien,24-V-1999,M.SAT01eg.(NWU).
,
Distribution. Northern tocentral Taiwan.
Notes. Theantennaeofthisspeciesarethin,filiformandmoderately long,at-
tainingtoapicalfifthoftheelytrainthemale,orattainingtothemiddleoftheelytrain
the female,andit ishardly depressedineachsegment inboth thesexes. WITTMER
(1982) illustratedthemalegenitaliaofthisspeciesonlyin ventral viewwithoutde-
taileddescription.Detailedmorphologicaldataofthemalegenitaliaandofthe8thab-
dominalsterniteofthefemalewillbegivenbelowforthefirsttime.
Malegenitalia: - Ventralprocessofeachlatera11obeshortandstout,dorsalplate
ofeachlateral lobedeeplyemarginateattheinnerside,andthebasalsidesomewhat
triangularwith roundedcorner.A pairoflaterophysesmostly parallel toeachother,
each laterophysissomewhatslender,apexnot reaching the terminal marginof dorsal
plate,withpointedapexdorsad,basalpartsurmounting laterophysesglobularbutnot
soswollen. Inner sac lengthenedposteria(i, as longastegmen. Basal piecenotso
broali,slightlysqueezedatthebase,withaminuteprocessatthecentreofventralside
(Figs.10-12).
Eighthabdominalsternitein female:- Terminalmarginlargelyandroundlypro-
jectedat bothsides,middle lobesomewhatmembranous andmoreprojected than
thoseonbothsides(Fig.14).
Ninthabdominaltergiteandsternite(Fig.13)andclawsofleft foreleg(Fig.15)
inmaleareas illustrated.
ThisspecieswasoriginallydescribedbyPfc (1934) from “Kankau, Formosa”
(=Kankou, Taipei Hsien?). A量or that, WITTMER(1982) recorded some specimens
fromAlishan,Palin,Meifeng,Mt.Lalashan,andnr.Chihtuan.
Habronychus(Habronychus)nantouanusWITTMER
(Figs 3-4,8, l6)
Hab,・o1lychusna11touanusWITTMER,l982,Ent.Rev.Japan,37:125,pl4,fig8.
Specimense:x:amined. [Taiwan]:1?,Meifeng,NantouHsien,26-VI-1977,S.&
J. KLAppERlcH leg. (holotype, NHMB); 19, Alishan, alt 2,300m,NantouHsien,
5~6-VII-1965,T.NAKANEleg.(paratype,NSMT);1e,Yushih,alt.1,900m,Nantou
Hsien,4-VII-1986,K.BABA leg. (NWU); 1 Sungkang-Meifeng,NantouHsien,
,
20-VI-1994, K. MATSUMOTOleg. (KURA); Ie,1e,ShykShan, nr. Liukuei, Kao-
hsiungHsien,17-VI-1986,K.BABAleg.(NWU);1 ThuYunShan,nr.Liukuei,Kao-
,
hsiungHsien,17-VI-1986, K.BABA leg. (NWU); 2 Shi NanShan, Kaohsiung
,
Hsien, 22-VI-1986,K. BABAleg.(NWU); Ie,ShykShan,nr. Liukuei,Kaohsiung
Hsien,28-VI-1986,K.BABAleg. (NWU);1(;,Meishan- TienChi,alt 800-2,300m,
KaohsiungHsien, 29-VI-1986, K.BABAleg. (NWU); 2 Tien Chi, alt 2,200m,
,
392 YuichiOKUsHIMAandMasatakaSAT0
11'1
11l f・1
,j, ,
',
、t
' /
、1,/
二
_。
11
l5
Figs. 10-15. Hab,-ony(、fius(flab,-onychus)sauteri (Pfc). - 10-l2, Malegenitalia(10,ventral view;
11,lateralview;12,dorsalview); l3,ventral viewof9thabdominaltergiteandstemiteinmale;14,
8thabdominalsterniteinfemale;15,clawsofleftforeleginmale.(Scale:0.5mmforte-14,0.4mm
for i5.)
KaohsiungHsien,29-VI-1986,K.BABAleg.(NWU).
Distribtltion. CentraltosouthernTaiwan.
Notes. Detailedmorphologicaldataofthe8thabdominalsternitesofthefemale
aregivenbelow forthefirsttime.
Eighthabdominalsternitein female: - Terminalmarginwidelyandroundlypro-
Hab,-onychusfromTaiwan 393
16
-
一 17
Figs. 16-17. EighthabdominalsternitesinfemaleofHab1,onychus(Hab,,onychus)spp. - 16,H (fl)
nantouanusWITTMER;17,H (ff)kit''osawa1WITTMER.(Scales:0.5mm)
jectedatbothsidesanddeeply emarginateat themiddle, withasmall subrhombic
scleriteconnectedtoterminalmargininthenotch,andsurroundedbymembrane.Disc
providedwithalongitudinalhollowoneachside, fromtheapexofroundedprojection
tothebasalside(Fig.16).
Thisspecieswasdescribed fromMeifeng,andrecordedbyWITTMER(1982) from
twoother localities,Hohuanchi-SungchuankangandAlishan.At present, it isalso
recorded fromsouthern Taiwan.
Habronychus(Habronychus)kurosawaiWITTMER
(Figs5-6,9, l7)
Habronychusku,・osawaiWITTMER,1982,Ent.Rev.Japan,37:126,pl 4,fig9.
Specimense:x:amined. [Taiwan]:1?,Pilu-Shenmu,HualienHsien,18or24-V-
I978,T.SHIMoMURAleg.(holotype,NHMB);19,Mt.Lalashan,TaoyuanHsien,2-V-
I981,S. TsuYuKl leg. (NWU); 1 Mt. Lalashan, Taoyuan Hsien, 4-V-1981, S.
,
TsUYUKl leg.(NWU);1 ,nr.Mt.Lalashan,TaoyuanHsien,5-V-1983,M.HAsEGAwA
leg. (KURA);2 , Mt. Lalashan, N. Taiwan, 2-V-1988, M MuRA leg. (NWU);
13,Mt.Lalashan,TaoyuanHsien,4-IV-1991,Y. 0KusHIMAleg.(KURA);13,Suling
(Ssuleng?)-Chihtuan,TaoyuanHsien, l4-IV-1984,Y.KusAKABEleg. (KURA);1e,
Mt. Lalashan,TaoyuanHsien,13or l6-IV-1984,Y.KusAKABEleg. (KURA); 1(i,
Nanshanchi, Nantou Hsien, 25-III-1977,Y.NoTsu leg. (paratype,NWU); Ie,1!,
394 YuichiOKUs1-11MAandMasatakaSAT0
Nanshanchi, Nantou Hsien, 27-III-1981, H. YosHIMoTo leg. (KURA); 19, Kuan-
taoshan, Nantou Hsien, 5-IV-1984, Y. KusAKABE leg. (KURA); 1 Lienhuachih,
,
NantouHsien, 23-III-1983, Y. KUsAKABE leg. (KURA); 1!, Shi NanShan, alt.
2,000m,KaohsiungHsien,29-IV-1986,K.BABAleg.(NWU).
Distribution. Taiwan.
Notes. Thisspeciesisfurnishedwithblackmarkingsatthecentreofheadandat
themedianpartsofpronota11atera1sides, thoughtheblackishareasarevariableand
sometimesspreadwithindividuals.Thepronotumandelytraarealmostorangeyellow
inmostspecimensincludingtheholotype,butthepronotumismoreblackishandthe
elytramorereddishinthetwomales fromMt.Lalashan,collectedbyM.KIMuRAon
2-V-1988.
Detailedmorphologicaldataofthe8thabdominalsternitesofthefemalewillbe
givenbelowforthefirsttime.
Eighthabdominalsternitein female:- Terminalmarginwidelyandroundlypro-
jectedatbothsidesandroundlyemarginateatthemiddle,providedwithmembranein
thenotchandasmall longitudinalscleriteonit(Fig.17).
This species was originally described from Pilu-Shenmu, and recorded by
WITTMER(1982)alsofromMt.Lalashan,Nanshanchiandnr.Chihtuan.Atpresent, it
isalsorecordedfromsouthernTaiwan(ShiNanShan).
SubgenusMolloltabronyclmsOKUsHIMAetM.SAT0,nov.
Typespecies:P,odabrinuslntermixtu.s・WITTMER,1954,bypresentdesignation.
Male. Headsomewhatswolleninvertexa1area;antennaverylongandfiliform;
eyesglobularandstronglyprojected.Pronotumsubquadrateorsubrectangular,much
narrowerthanwidthofhead;legsslender;allclawssimple(Fig29).Ninthabdominal
sterniteveryslender(Fig 27);genitaliastout,dorsalplateofeachlateral lobebroa
basalpartsurmountinglaterophysesglobularbutnotsoswollen,innersacshorterthan
tegmen,basalpiecewide,withoutclearprocessontheventralside.
Female. Similartomale,but different fromitinthe followingpoints: antenna
muchshorter;eyessmaller;pronotumandelytrabroader;8thabdominalstemitewitha
smallscleriteatapicalcentre.
Notes. Thisnewsubgenusissimilartothenominotypica1subgenusandthesub-
genusMac,・ohab,-onychusinthestructureofhea antenna,pronotum,the9thabdomi-
nalsternitein themaleandthe8thabdominalsterniteinthe female,but isclearlydis-
tinguished fromthembythefactthatall theclawsaresimpleinboththesexes.
Halbronychus(Moltohabronychus)intermi;x:tus(WITTMER),combnov.
(Figs.18-19,24-29)
Podabrintlsinte,'mixt1lsWITTMER, l954,RevuesuisseZoo1.,61:275.
Athet11eltusintet'nltx;ttts:WITTMER,1972,Ent.Arb.Mus.Frey,23: l24;1983,Ent.Rev.Japan,38:168
baht・o,1vc/1usfromTaiwan 395
・
.=
i '・・
-・ ・
21
Figs l8_23. Hab1-ol,1ychus (Monohab1・onyc1/us) spp from Taiwan. - 18-19, H. (M) into''mlXtuS
(wm・MER);18,3fromKuantaoshan;19, fromKuantaoshan. - 20,H.(M)fu''CatuS(W「「TMER);
3(holotype)fromAlishan. - 21-22,H.(M)1ongico'・nlsOKuSHIMAetM.SAT0,SPnov;21, (3
(holotype)fromFushanBotanicalGarden;22, (allotype)fromFushanBotanicalGarden. - 23,
H(M)lalasharlenslsOKUsHIMAetM.SAT0,spnov., (holotype)fromMt.LalaShan・
specimens e)camined. [Taiwan]: 1?, Wulai, Taipei Hsien, 27-m-1968, T.
KuNouleg.(NwU);1e,17-24kmSEofTaipei,TaipeiHsien,16-IV-1965,Y.HIRA-
sHIMA leg. Japan_U. S. Co-op. Sci. Programme (NSMT); 19, Palin-Chihtuan,
TaoyuanHsjen,27-IV-1978,N.YAsHIRoleg.(EUM);3 ,nr.Mt.Lalashan,TaOyuan
Hsjen, 5_V_1g83, M. HAsEGAwA leg. (KURA); 1(f, nr. Hsileng, TaOyuan HSien,
1983,M.HAsEGAwAleg.(KURA);1e,Kuanwu,alt 2,000m,Wu-fen9HSian9,
14_V_
396 YuichiOKUsHIMAandMasatakaSAT0
HsinchuHsien,29-V-1991,A.SAIToleg. (CBM-ZI30525);2 ,Chieh-chengShan
(Ta-1uLintao),Tai-anHsiang,MiaoliHsien,alt.1,940-1,980m,28-V-1991,A.SAITo
leg. (CBM-ZI 24016, 24093); 19, Anmashan, alt 2,230m, Tashuehshan Mts.,
TaichungHsien,15-VI-1989,M.SAT01eg.(NWU);3 Meifeng,NantouHsien,
,
17-VI-1976,T.MATSUMOTOleg.(TUA);19,Meifeng,NantouHsien,18-VI-1976,T.
MATSUMOTOleg.(TUA);13,19,Meifeng,NantouHsien,28-IV-1978,T.SENoHleg.
(TUA);13,Mt.Hohuanshan,NantouHsien,10-VI-1987,K.BABAleg. (NWU);13,
2 Hwei-sun, NantouHsien, 30-III-1990, C.-L. Ll leg. (KURA); Ie, Tsuifeng,
,
Nantou Hsien, 14-V-1994, T. KlsHIMoTo leg. (KURA); 2 2 Kuantaoshan,
, ,
NantouHsien,9-IV-1996, R. MATSUMOTOleg. (KURA); I Kuantaoshan, Nantou
,
Hsien,24-IV-1984,Y.KusAKABEleg.(KURA);7 2 Sungkang,NantouHsien,
, ,
l8-V-l965,T.SHIROzuleg.(NSMT);1e,Alishan,ChiaiHsien,18-V-1927,T.KANO
leg.(NSMT);1e,TienChih,KaohsiungHsien,2-V-1983,S.SAIToleg.(KURA).
fstrz'btetfon Taiwan.
Notes. Somecolour variationsarerecognized in thepronotumandelytra. In
mostspecimensexamine(i,thecolourofthepronotumisentirelydarkbrownordark
brownpartlywithpaleorangeyellow,butentirelyorangeyellowinafewfemalesfrom
MeifengandPalin-Chihtuan.Theelytraareusuallydarkbrownwithoutnarrowly
lightbrownsuturalmargins,butthelightbrownareasoftenspreadordisappear.
Detailedmorphologicaldataofthemalegenitaliaandthe8thabdominalsternite
ofthefemalewillbegivenbelowforthefirsttime.
Malegenitalia:- Ventralprocessofeachlatera11obeshortandstout;dorsalplate
ofeachlateral loberoundlyandlargelyconcaveattheterminalmargin, innermargin
largelyprojectedinsideatthemiddlewithroundedapex;apairoflaterophyseswidely
separated fromeachother,eachlaterophysissomewhatslender,theapexreachingnear
theterminalmarginofdorsalplate,slightlycurveddorsadwithpointedapex;basal
partsurmountinglaterophysesglobular,butnotsoswollen;innersaclengthenedposte-
ria shorterthantegmen;basalpiecesomewhatbroad,slightlysqueezedat thebase
(Figs 24-26).
Eighthabdominalsterniteoffemale:- Terminalmargindeeplyandroundlycon-
caveattheapicalcentre,withbothsidesroundlyprominentposteriad;small roundish
andtriangularscleritepresentbehindthecentreofterminalmargin(Fig 28).
Ninthabdominaltergiteandsternite(Figs27)andclawsofleft foreleg(Fig 29)
inmaleareasillustrated.
WITTMER(1972;1983)regardedthisspeciesasamemberofthegenusAtheme1-
1us,butitclearlybelongstothegenusHabronychusinviewofveryslender9thab_
domina1sterniteinthemale, theglobularbasalpartsurmountinglaterophysesinthe
malegenitalia,andthe8thabdominalsternitewithasmallscleriteinthefemale. It
shouldbelongtothenewsubgenusMonohabronychusbecauseofsimpleclawsofall
thelegs.
ThisspecieswasdescribedbyWITTMER(1954) fromAlishan. Later,he(1983)
recorded it frommany localitiesexcept thesouthernpart of Taiwan. It isrecorded
