Cancer nanotechnology: principles and applications in radiation oncology

281 Pages·2013·9.324 MB·English

by  Sang Hyun Cho, Sunil Krishnan

Biomedical Engineering C
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Cancer Nanotechnology •

K
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i
s
Principles and Applications h
n
a Cancer Nanotechnology
in Radiation Oncology n
Edited by
Principles and Applications
Sang Hyun Cho, PhD • Sunil Krishnan, MD
C
in Radiation Oncology
a
Rapid advances in nanotechnology have enabled the fabrication of nanoparticles from
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various materials with different shapes, sizes, and properties, and efforts are ongoing to
c
exploit these materials for practical clinical applications. Nanotechnology is particularly
e
relevant in the field of oncology, as the leaky and chaotic vasculature of tumors—a hallmark
of unrestrained growth—results in the passive accumulation of nanoparticles within tumors. r

N
Cancer Nanotechnology: Principles and Applications in Radiation Oncology is
a compilation of research in the arena of nanoparticles and radiation oncology, which lies
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at the intersection of disciplines as diverse as clinical radiation oncology, radiation physics
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and biology, nanotechnology, materials science, and biomedical engineering. The book
provides a comprehensive, cross-disciplinary survey of basic principles, research techniques, o
and outcomes with the goal of eventual clinical translation. t
e
Coverage includes
c
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• A general introduction to fabrication, preferential tumor targeting, and imaging of
nanoparticles n
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• The specific applications of nanomaterials in the realms of radiation therapy, hyperthermia,
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thermal therapy, and normal tissue protection from radiation exposure
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• Outlooks for future research and clinical translation including regulatory issues for g
ultimate use of nanomaterials in humans y
Reflecting profound advances in the application of nanotechnology to radiation oncology,
this comprehensive volume demonstrates how the unique physicochemical properties of
nanoparticles lead to novel strategies for cancer treatment and detection. Along with various
computational and experimental techniques, each chapter highlights the most promising
Edited by
approaches to the use of nanoparticles for radiation response modulation.
Sang Hyun Cho, PhD
Sunil Krishnan, MD
K13683
ISBN: 978-1-4398-7875-0
90000
9 781439 878750
K13683_COVER_final.indd 1 11/14/12 10:31 AM

Cancer Nanotechnology
Principles and Applications
in Radiation Oncology
ImagIng In medIcal dIagnosIs and Therapy
William R. Hendee, Series Editor
Quality and safety in radiotherapy proton and carbon Ion Therapy
Todd Pawlicki, Peter B. Dunscombe, Arno J. Mundt, C.-M. Charlie Ma and Tony Lomax, Editors
and Pierre Scalliet, Editors ISBN: 978-1-4398-1607-3
ISBN: 978-1-4398-0436-0
comprehensive Brachytherapy:
adaptive radiation Therapy physical and clinical aspects
X. Allen Li, Editor Jack Venselaar, Dimos Baltas, Peter J. Hoskin,
ISBN: 978-1-4398-1634-9 and Ali Soleimani-Meigooni, Editors
ISBN: 978-1-4398-4498-4
Quantitative mrI in cancer
Thomas E. Yankeelov, David R. Pickens, and physics of mammographic Imaging
Ronald R. Price, Editors Mia K. Markey, Editor
ISBN: 978-1-4398-2057-5 ISBN: 978-1-4398-7544-5
Informatics in medical Imaging physics of Thermal Therapy:
George C. Kagadis and Steve G. Langer, Editors Fundamentals and clinical applications
ISBN: 978-1-4398-3124-3 Eduardo Moros, Editor
ISBN: 978-1-4398-4890-6
adaptive motion compensation in
radiotherapy emerging Imaging Technologies in medicine
Martin J. Murphy, Editor Mark A. Anastasio and Patrick La Riviere, Editors
ISBN: 978-1-4398-2193-0 ISBN: 978-1-4398-8041-8
Image-guided radiation Therapy cancer nanotechnology: principles and
Daniel J. Bourland, Editor applications in radiation oncology
ISBN: 978-1-4398-0273-1 Sang Hyun Cho and Sunil Krishnan, Editors
ISBN: 978-1-4398-7875-0
Targeted molecular Imaging
Michael J. Welch and William C. Eckelman, Editors
ISBN: 978-1-4398-4195-0
Forthcoming titles in the series
Informatics in radiation oncology stereotactic radiosurgery and radiotherapy
Bruce H. Curran and George Starkschall, Editors Stanley H. Benedict, Brian D. Kavanagh, and
ISBN: 978-1-4398-2582-2 David J. Schlesinger, Editors
ISBN: 978-1-4398-4197-6
monte carlo Techniques in radiation Therapy
Joao Seco and Frank Verhaegen, Editors cone Beam computed Tomography
ISBN: 978-1-4398-1875-6 Chris C. Shaw, Editor
ISBN: 978-1-4398-4626-1
Image processing in radiation Therapy
Kristy Kay Brock, Editor
ISBN: 978-1-4398-3017-8
Cancer Nanotechnology
Principles and Applications
in Radiation Oncology
Edited by
Sang Hyun Cho, PhD
Sunil Krishnan, MD
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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© 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 20120703
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4398-7876-7 (eBook - PDF)
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To my family
-S.H.C.
To my wife and parents
For their love, support and encouragement
-S.K.

Contents
Series Preface ....................................................................................................................................................................... ix
Preface. ................................................................................................................................................................................... xi
Acknowledgments. ............................................................................................................................................................xiii
About the Editors .........................................................................................................................................xv
Contributors .............................................................................................................................................. xvii
Section i Basic Principles of Radiation oncology and Radiosensitization
1 Basic Principles of Radiation Therapy of Cancers ................................................................................3
Laurence Court and Radhe Mohan
2 Biological Principles of Radiosensitization .........................................................................................15
Vikas Bhardwaj, M. Angelica Cortez, Mohamad Fakhreddine, and James Welsh
3 Principles and Application of Hyperthermia Combined with Radiation ..........................................25
Mark Hurwitz
Section ii S ynthesis, Safety, and imaging of nanomaterials for
cancer Applications
4 Synthesis and Surface Modification of Nanomaterials for Tumor Targeting ....................................39
Glenn Goodrich
5 Safety Concerns for Nanomaterials in Nanomedicinal Applications ................................................49
Qingxin Mu, Yi Zhang, Aijuan Liu, Nana Liang, Yanyan Liu, Yan Mu, Gaoxing Su, and Bing Yan
6 Imaging with Nanoparticles ................................................................................................................63
Amit Joshi
7 Optical Microscopy of Plasmonic Nanoparticles ................................................................................77
Varun P. Pattani and James W. Tunnell
8 X-Ray Fluorescence Computed Tomography Imaging of Nanoparticles ...........................................99
Bernard L. Jones and Sang Hyun Cho
Section iii nanomaterials for Radiation therapy
9 Gold Nanoparticle–Mediated Radiosensitization .............................................................................111
Devika B. Chithrani
vii
viii Contents
10 Quantification of Gold Nanoparticle–Mediated Radiation Dose Enhancement .............................123
Sang Hyun Cho and Bernard L. Jones
11 Semiconductor Nanomaterials for Radiotherapy ..............................................................................137
Ke Sheng
12 Radioactive Gold Nanoparticles for Tumor Therapy. .......................................................................157
Raghuraman Kannan, Kattesh V. Katti, and Cathy Cutler
13 Nanoparticles for Selective Radioprotection of Normal Tissues. .....................................................163
Jacob M. Berlin and Kathy A. Mason
Section iV nanomaterials for Hyperthermia and thermal therapy
14 Gold Nanoparticle–Mediated Hyperthermia in Cancer Therapy ....................................................171
Dev K. Chatterjee and Sunil Krishnan
15 Magnetic Resonance Temperature Imaging for Gold Nanoparticle–Mediated Thermal Therapy ...183
R. Jason Stafford and John D. Hazle
16 Modeling of Plasmonic Heat Generation from Gold Nanoparticles ................................................195
Francisco Reynoso and Sang Hyun Cho
17 Carbon Nanotubes for Thermal Therapy ..........................................................................................205
Ravi N. Singh, Peter Alexander, Andrew R. Burke, Frank M. Torti, and Suzy V. Torti
Section V Future outlook
18 Regulatory Issues for Clinical Translations ......................................................................................229
J. Donald Payne
19 Clinical Translations of Nanotechnology: Present and Future Outlook. .........................................235
Dev K. Chatterjee, Sang Hyun Cho, and Sunil Krishnan