Table Of ContentCampylobacters,
Helicobacters, and
Related Organisms
Catnpylobacters,
Helicobacters, and
Related Organisms
Edited by
Diane G. Newell
Central Veterinary Laboratory
Addlestone, United Kingdom
Julian M. Ketley
University of Leicester
Leicester, United Kingdom
and
Roger A. Feldman
The London Hospital Medical College
London, United Kingdom
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
L i b r a r y of Congress C a t a l o g i n g - i n - P u b 1 i c a t i o n Data
Campylobacters, he 1 icobac te rs , and r e l a t e d organisms / e d i t e d by Diane
G. N e w e l l , J u l i a n M. K e t l e y , and Roger A. Feldman.
p. cm.
"Proceedings of the Eighth I n t e r n a t i o n a l Workshop on
Campylobacters, H e l i c o b a c t e r s , and Related Organisms, held July
10-13 , 1995, in Winchester , United Kingdom.''
Inc luaes b i b l i o g r a p h i c a l re fe rences and indexes
IS B N 978-1-4757-9560-8
1 . Campylobacter infect ions—Congresses . 2. Campy 1obacter-
-Congresses. 3. Hel icobacter infect ions—Congresses .
4. Hel icobacter—Congresses . I . N e w e l l , D. G. (Diane G. )
I I . K e t l e y , J u l i a n M. I I I . Feldman, Roger A. IV. I n t e r n a t i o n a l
Workshop on Campylobacters, H e l i c o b a c t e r s , and Related Organisms
(8th : 1995 : Winchester , England)
[DNLM: 1. Campylobactei—congresses. 2. Hel icobacte r — congresses.
QW 154 C211 1996)
QR201.C25C37 1996
6 1 6 ' . 0 1 4 5 - - d c 2 0
DNLM/DLC
for L i b r a r y of Congres 96-38654
CIP
Proceedings of the Eighth International Workshop on Campylobacters, Helicobacters, and Related
Organisms, held July 10-13, 1995, in Winchester, United Kingdom
ISBN 978-1-4757-9560-8 ISBN 978-1-4757-9558-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-9558-5
© Springer Science+Business Media New York, 1996
Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1996
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1996
All rights reserved
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No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any
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permission from the Publisher
PREFACE
By 1977 it was clear that the thermophilic campylobacters were a major cause of acute
bacterial enteritis. In response to that observation an international workshop was convened in
Reading, England, and attracted over 130 participants. Many of these individuals resolutely
returned for the eighth in the series of biennial international workshops, this time held in Win-
chester, England, in July 1995. All were surprised at the continued, and even expanding, re-
search effort in this narrow microbiological field. Such a lasting interest is undoubtedly a
reflection of a consistent rise in the incidence of infection, the growing number of closely re-
lated organisms and disease associations, and an ever-increasing awareness by the public and
government agencies of public health and food safety issues.
The second workshop in Brussels in 1983 was a forum that demonstrated the growing
awareness in the campylobacter community of the existence of campylobacter-like organisms
and provided the platform for presentations describing the association of these organisms,
now classified in the genus Helicobacter. with gastroduodenal disease. The clinical aspects of
the research into helicobacters is now thoroughly covered in several other meetings, and the
remit of the international workshop has been expanded to provide a forum for the presentation
of the basic microbiological research carried out on these bacteria. In a continuation of this ap-
proach the remit of the workshop has been further extended to other related organisms, reflect-
ing that there are many other campylobacter-like organisms still to identify and characterize.
The nature of the research effort has expanded from the initial descriptions of the
basic microbiology and epidemiology of both the helicobacters and campylobacters to the
investigation of pathogenesis, genetics, and immunology; as with other bacterial patho-
gens, research now has a primarily molecular bias. The significance of infection by Heli-
cobacter is evident and reflected in the level of pharmaceutical industry support and
general research interest associated with these organisms. It is interesting to compare and
contrast the relative levels of research funding and the speed of progress associated with
the campylobacters and helicobacters since their first description. Without doubt the input
into the research on helicobacters by industry has resulted in impressive strides being
made in the understanding of the pathogenesis of this important pathogen. However, as
exemplified by the Helicobacter genome sequence, a significant amount of the data aris-
ing from this excellent work is not yet in the public domain. In contrast, the campylobac-
ters remain the "poor relation" in both overall research support and progress. This by no
means derides the admirable research efforts made in the campylobacter field but serves to
illustrate what progress might be made with similar resources.
The Winchester meeting would not have been possible without the financial support
of governmental agencies as well as various companies involved in diagnosis, treatment,
and prevention. The level of support is an indication of a continuing interest in expanding
the range of existing knowledge as well as the application of what is known to diagnosis
v
vi Preface
and prevention. We are also indebted to the attendees, who, with their superb research ef-
fort, excellent presentations, and "networking." made the workshop a successful and thor-
oughly enjoyable experience.
The international workshop, and therefore this book, are designed to describe and
discuss in an open forum of peer review the status of the work that is currently in pro-
gress. Therefore we hope that this book will serve as an important reference for those that
attended the workshop itself, as a source of information for those unfortunately unable to
attend, and as a statement of the current state of the field to scientists about to embark on
the study of these fascinating bacteria. We are certain that the research workers gained
from the critical and open discussion of their work during the workshop, and we look for-
ward to seeing full publication, in the scientific literature, of much of the preliminary data
presented in this volume before the next meeting.
At our invitation many of the participants extended their submitted abstracts to pro-
vide a more detailed manuscript. The major part of this book comprises these extended pa-
pers. These manuscripts have been gathered into major research topics regardless of
organism, each part being preceded by the summaries of discussions of the workshop and
written by the workshop chairpersons, relevant to that topic. Any unextended abstracts as-
sociated with that topic are included at the end of each part.
And so we can look forward to the next meeting. The venue for this meeting was
chosen in an open vote by attendees of the Winchester workshop and will be in Cape
Town, South Africa, in 1997. By the time of this next meeting we anticipate further sig-
nificant achievements to have been made in our understanding of the hiology of this im-
portant group of pathogenic bacteria.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The organizers of the 8th International Workshop on Campylobacters. Helicobac-
ters, and Related Organisms gratefully acknowledge contributions in support of this meet-
ing from the following:
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), USA
National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive Disease and Kidney (NIDDK). USA
National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA
Food and Drug Administration (FDA). USA
Department of Health (DOH), UK
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Foods (MAFF). GB
US Department of Defense, Naval Research Institute, USA
The Public Health Laboratory Service Board (PHLS), England and Wales
US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS). USA
US Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS), USA
Central Veterinary Laboratories (Weybridge). UK
British Society for Immunology. UK
Unipath Ltd
Orion Ltd
Coca-Cola Ltd
Glaxo Ltd
Bayer UK
Don Whitley Scientific
Winchester City Council
CONTENTS
Part 1: Detection and Culture from Clinical Specimens and Foods,
Speciation, and Typing
1-1. Summary of Workshop: Culture and Detection
A. Lastovica and 1. Frost
1-2. Summary of Workshop: Detection ofCampylobacters in Foods and the
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
T. J. Humphrey and G. C. Mead
1-3. Summary of Workshop: Speciation and SUbtyping 9
F.1. Bolton and R. J. Owen
1-4. Comparison of Selective Media for Primary Isolation of Campylobacters . . . . . 13
Carlos Abeyta, Jr., Bradley J. Tenge, Jan M. Hunt, Paula A. Trost,
Don H. Bark, Charles A. Kaysner, and Marleen M. Wekell
1-5. Comparison of the Productivity ofa Variety of Selective Media for
Campylobacter and Arcobacter Species .......................... 19
H. Ibrahim Atabay, Janet E. L. Corry, and David E. Post
1-6. Isolation of Pure Populations of Helicobacter heilmannii-like Bacteria. . . . . . . 25
Kathryn A. Eaton, Susan S. Ringler, and Steven Krakowka
1-7. Long- and Short-Term Storage of Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Biopsies 33
Kathryn A. Eaton and Steven Krakowka
1-8. Comparison of Staining Techniques for Detecting Gastric Helicobacters in
Tissue Sections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
K. S. Diker, N. Karademir, J. Erdeger, and G. Hascelik
1-9. Measurement of Campylobacteraceae Isoprenoid Quinones by Fast Atom
Bombardment Mass Spectrometry .............................. 41
Robin Wait and Michael J. Hudson
1-10. Use of Filtration to Isolate Campylobacter and Related Organisms from Stools 47
J. A. Kiehlbauch, M. H. Simon, and J. M. Makowski
vii
viii Contents
1-11. Evaluation ofFlexSure™ HP: A Rapid Serological Assay for H. pylori
Detection as Compared to HM-CAP ™ EIA and EGD Biopsy ..... . . . . 51
R. Shaw, M. Garcia, E. Cheng, P. Marchildon, and 1. Peacock
1-12. A Campylobacter Medium for All Seasons? ............................ 61
K. W. Martin, M. 1. Mason, K. T. McAlpine, and T. 1. Humphrey
1-13. Utilization of Amino Acids by Campylohacterjejuni 67
George L. Mendz and Stuart L. Hazell
1-14. Evaluation of Colony Lift Immunoblot Methodologies for Specific
Enumeration of Enteropathogenic Campylohacter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Brandt E. Rice, Chinta Lamichhane, Sam W. Joseph, and David M. Rollins
I-IS. Optimising Recovery of Campylohacter spp. from the Lower Porcine
Gastrointestinal Tract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
R. H. Madden, L. Moran, and P. Scates
1-16. Use ofa Candle Jar for Incubating Campylohacterjejuni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
M. R. EI-Sherbeeny
1-17. Experimental Detection of Plesiomonas shigelloides Antigen in Feces by
ELISA and Reversed Passive Latex Agglutination Test as a Model for
Campylobacter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
S. Yamamoto, K. Tagata, Y. Isayama, and M. Fukuyama
1-18. Detection ofCjejuni in Milk and Poultry Using the Magnetic
Immuno-Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
L. Docherty, M. R. Adams, P. Patel, and 1. McFadden
1-19. The Formation of Viable but Nonculturable Cjejuni and Their Failure to
Colonise One-Day-Old Chicks ................................. 101
C. Feamley, R. Ayling, S. Cawthraw, and D. G. Newell
1-20. Campylohacter and Salmonella Contamination of Fresh Chicken Meat 105
Barbara Geilhausen, Heidi Schiitt-Gerowitt, Stojanka Aleksic,
Rudiger Koenen, Gottfried Mauff; and Gerhard Pulverer
1-21. Molecular Characterization of Oxidative Stress Defence Systems in
Campylohacter spp.: Implications for Aerobic Survival. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
K. A. Grant, 1. H. Dickinson, D. Purdy, and S. F. Park
1-22. Coccal Cell Switching and the Survival and Virulence of C jejuni at High
Oxygen Tensions ............................................ 115
Philippa Harvey, Catherine Feamley, Diane Newell, Michael Hudson, and
Stephen Leach
1-23. Two-Dimensional Protein Profiles and Fatty-Acid Compositions in Coccoid
Forms of Campylohacter jejuni . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Wilma C. Hazeleger, Jaap D. Janse, Petra M. F. 1. Koenraad,
Rijkelt R. Beumer, Frank M. Rombouts, and Tjakko Abee
Contents ix
1-24. Campylobacters and Faecal Indicators in Streams and Rivers Subject to Farm
Run-Off ................................................... 123
Keith Jones and Alton Hobbs
1-25. Isolation of Sub-Lethally Injured Campylobacters from Water. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
M. 1. Mason, T. 1. Humphrey, and K. W. Martin
1-26. Occurrence of Thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in Foods and Waters in
Northern Ireland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
John E. Moore, Tom S. Wilson, David R. A. Wareing, Ian G. Wilson,
Tom 1. Humphrey, and Philip G. Murphy
1-27. Frequency of Occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in Meats and Their
Subsequent Sub-Typing Using RAPD and PCR-RFLP .............. 141
R. H. Madden, L. Moran, and P. Scates
1-28. Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Detection of Viable Campylobacter
Species from Potable and Untreated Environmental Water Samples 147
Desmond Purdy, Carol A. Ash, and Colin R. Fricker
1-29. Development ofa Quantitative Methodology to Estimate the Number of
Enteropathogenic Campylobacter on Fresh Poultry Products ......... 155
David M. Rollins, Lanfong H. Lee, Brandt E. Rice, Chinta Lamichhane, and
Sam W. Joseph
I-3~. The Seasonality of Thermophilic Campylobacters in Beef and Dairy Cattle 163
K. N. Stanley, 1. S. Wallace, and K. Jones
1-3\. The Survival of Campylobacter spp. in Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
C. Thomas and M. Mabey
1-32. Campylobacters, SalmonelJas, and Indicator Bacteria in the Lune Estuary 171
M. T. Zainuldin and Keith Jones
1-33. AP-PCR as Typing Method in Clinical Isolates of Helicobacter pylori 177
Teresa Alarcon, Diego Domingo, Juan Carlos Sanz, Isabel Garcia,
Maria Jose Martinez, and Manuel Lopez-Brea
1-34. PCRJRFLP and PFGE Sub-Typing of Thermophilic Campylobacter Isolates
from Poultry Epidemiological Investigations ...................... 181
R. D. Ayling, L. E. Johnson, S. Evans, and D. G. Newell
1-35. A Multi-Centre Study of Methods for Sub-Typing Campylobacter jejuni 187
F. J. Bolton, A. J. Fox, J. Gibson, R. H. Madden, J. E. Moore, L. Moran,
P. Murphy, R. 1. Owen, T. H. Pennington, T. Stanley, F. Thompson-Carter,
D. R. A. Wareing, and T. Wilson
1-36. Pulsed Field Electrophoresis in Campylobacter Epidemiology 191
Barbara Geilhausen, Rudiger Koenen, and Gottfried Mauff
x Contents
1-37. Subtyping of Campylabaeter Isolates from Sewage Plants and Waste Water
from a Connected Poultry Abattoir Using Molecular Techniques ...... 197
P. M. F. 1. Koenraad, R. Ayling, W. C. Hazeleger, F. M. Rombouts, and
D. G. Newell
1-38. Differentiation of Campylabaeter Strains from Chickens in the USA Using a
DNA Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 203
V. Korolik, 1. Chang, N. Stern, and P. 1. Coloe
1-39. Differentiation within Campylabacterjejuni and C cali by PCR-RFLP of the
Intergenic Region between theflaA and/laB Genes ................ 209
M. Linton, L. M. Lawrence, and 1. T. M. McGuiggan
1--40. Sub-Typing of Porcine and Human Camp):lobaeter spp. Using /3.APD 213
R. H. Madden, L. Moran, and P. Scates
1--41. Identification of Strains of Campylohacterjejuni and Campylohacter coli by
PCR and Correlation with Phenotypic Characteristics ............... 217
A. Occhialini, V. Stonnet, 1. Hua, C. Camou, 1. L. Guesdon, and F. Megraud
1--42. Computer-Assisted Strategies for Identifying Campylobacteria in Routinc
Laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Stephen L. W. On
1--43. Molecular Subtyping of Campylohacter spp. Isolates from Broiler Production
Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 227
Norman 1. Stern, Margaret A. Myszewski, Harold M. Barnhart, and
David W. Dreesen
1--44. 10,00 I Campylobacters: A Review of Five Years of Bacteriophage Typing. . .. 233
David R. A. Wareing. F. J. Bolton, and D. N. Hutchinson
1--45. Rapid Identification and Biotyping of Thermophilic Campylobacters 237
David R. A. Wareing, G. Tye, F. 1. Bolton, and D. N. Hutchinson
1--46. Phylogenetic Studies of Campylohacterjejuni Using Arbitrary Primer-PeR
Fingerprinting .............................................. 241
Alexandro C. T. Carvalho and Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacios
Part 1: Abstracts ......................................... . 245
Part 2: Veterinary and Poultry Infections--Their Control and
Antimicrobial Resistance
2-1. Summary of Workshop: Poultry Infections and Their Control .............. 273
Norman J. Stern, Wilma Jacobs-Reitsma, and Debbie Reynolds
2-2. Summary of Workshop: Veterinary Infections (Excluding Poultry) with
Campylobacter, Helicobactet; and Related Organisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 277
A. P. Burnens, K. A. Eaton, and V. Korolik
