Cambridge Textbook of Effective Treatments in Psychiatry

922 Pages·2008·7.427 MB·English

by  Peter Tyrer, Kenneth R. Silk

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Cambridge Textbook of Effective
Treatments in Psychiatry
Thisisabookofpsychiatryat itsmostpracticallevel.It
aimstoanswerthesortsofquestionspsychiatristsaskona
dailybasis.Whattreatmentsareavailableforthecondition
thatIthinkthispatienthas?Whatistherelativevalueof
eachofthesetreatments?Arethereanyothertreatments
thatIshouldbeconsideringifafirstapproachhasfailed?
Isthereanyvalueincombinationsoftreatment?And,canI
besurethattheevidenceandrecommendationsIreadare
freefrombias?
Thecontentisorganisedintothreemajorparts.Afteran
introductorysectiondiscussingthenatureandclassifica-
tionofpsychiatricdisordersandtheinherentproblemsof
thesediagnosticsystems,thecoveragemoveson,inPartII,
to review the major modalities of treatment and the
priniciples involved. The core of the book is Part III,
wheretreatmentsarediscussedaccordingtothediagnos-
ticgroupings.Inalmostallcases,thechaptershavebeen
writtenaspartnerships,orgroupefforts,involvinginter-
nationally recognised experts from North America and
Europe,withsynthesisoftheirrecommendations.
Allprofessionalsinmentalhealthwanttogivethebest
treatmentsfortheirpatients.Thisbookprovidesclinicians
withtheknowledgeandguidancetoachievethisaim.
Peter Tyrer is Professor of Community Psychiatry in the
Department of Psychological Medicine, Imperial College,
London,UK.
KennethR.SilkisProfessorofPsychiatryandDirectorofthe
Personality Disorders Program in the Department
of Psychiatryatthe University of MichiganMedical School,
AnnArbor,USA.

Cambridge
Textbook of
Effective
Treatments in
Psychiatry
Peter Tyrer and Kenneth R. Silk
CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITY PRESS
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo
Cambridge University Press
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521842280
© Cambridge University Press 2008
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of
relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place
without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published in print format 2008
ISBN-13 978-0-511-39450-8 eBook (NetLibrary)
ISBN-13 978-0-521-84228-0 hardback
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls
for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not
guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
Every effort has been made in preparing this publication to provide accurate and up-to-
date information which is in accord with accepted standards and practice at the time of
publication. Although case histories are drawn from actual cases, every effort has been
made to disguise the identities of the individuals involved. Nevertheless, the authors,
editors and publishers can make no warranties that the information contained herein is
totally free fromerror, not least because clinical standards are constantly changing through
research and regulation. The authors, editors and publishers therefore disclaimall liability
for direct or consequential damages resulting fromthe use of material contained in this
publication. Readers are strongly advised to pay careful attention to information provided
by the manufacturer of any drugs or equipment that they plan to use.
Contents
Listofcontributors pageix
Preface xix
PartI Introduction
1 Classificationofpsychiatricdisordersandtheir
principaltreatments 3
PeterTyrerandKennethR.Silk
2 Thehistoryofpsychiatrictherapies 16
GermanE.Berrios
PartII Summaryoftreatmentmodalitiesin
psychiatricdisorders
3 Acriticalassessmentofmethodsandprocesses
usedtodeveloppsychiatricdrugtreatments 47
GeorgeW.AranaandDavidJ.Nutt
4 SectionI–Theefficacyandsafetyof
electroconvulsivetherapy 57
DanielMaixnerandMichaelA.Taylor
SectionII–Focalbrainstimulationapproaches
topsychiatrictreatment 83
AntonioMantovani,ArielleD.Stanford,PeterBulow
andSarahH.Lisanby
5 Theeffectivenessofpsychologicaltreatments
inpsychiatry 98
PeterFonagyandJoelParis
6 Educationalinterventions 116
ChristopherDowrick,NanceeBlumandBrucePfohl
7 Complementaryandalternativemedicine 132
SallyGuthrieandGeorgeLewith
8 Complexinterventions 157
PeterTyrerandKarenMilner
vi Contents
PartIII Specifictreatments 19 Treatmentofstimulantdependence 369
MehmetSofuoglu,KostasAgathandThomasR.Kosten
Organicdisorders 173
Sectioneditors 20 Treatmentofopioiddependence 381
JamesWarnerandRobertvanReekum LeslieL.Buckley,NicholasSeivewright,MarkParry,
AbhijeethaSalvajiandRichardSchottenfeld
9 Delirium 175
LauraGageandDavidK.Conn 21 Treatmentofsedative-hypnoticdependence 402
KarimDarandManojKumar
10 Managementofbehaviouralandpsychological
symptomsofdementiaandacquired 22 Treatmentofcannabisdependence 413
braininjury 187 BrentA.Moore,HenriettaBowden-Jones,
JoelSadavoy,KristaL.LanctoˆtandShoumitroDeb AlanJ.BudneyandRyanVandrey
23 Treatmentofnicotinedependence 422
11 Dementia:pharmacologicalandnon-
pharmacologicaltreatmentsand AndreaH.Weinberger,PamelaWalters,TarynM.Allen,
MelissaM.Dudas,KristiA.SaccoandTonyP.George
guidelinereview 217
MartineSimardandElizabethL.Sampson 24 Treatmentofco-occurringpsychiatricand
substanceusedisorders 442
12 Pharmacologicaltreatmentofpsychosis
DouglasM.Ziedonis,Ed.Day,ErinL.O’Hea,Jonathan
anddepressioninneurologicaldisease
Krejci,JeffreyA.BermanandDavidSmelson
inolderadults 244
MarkRapoport,CaraBrownandCraigRitchie Schizophrenia 459
Sectioneditors
Alcohol 263 StephenR.MarderandPeterB.Jones
Sectioneditors 25 Pharmacologicaltreatmentsforschizophrenia 461
KirkJ.BrowerandMikeCrawford
StephenR.MarderandPeterB.Jones
13 Psychologicaltreatmentsofalcoholusedisorders 265
26 Psychosocialandpharmacologicaltreatments
DeirdreConroy,KirkJ.Brower,JaneMarshalland
forschizophrenia 469
MikeCrawford
PeterB.JonesandStephenR.Marder
14 Pharmacotherapyofalcoholmisuse,
dependenceandwithdrawal 289 Mooddisorders 481
GeorgeA.Kenna,KostasAgathandRobertSwift Sectioneditors
WilliamH.CoryellandJohnGeddes
15 Educationalinterventionsforalcoholuse
27 Psychopharmacologyofmooddisorders 483
disorders 314
WilliamH.CoryellandJohnGeddes
RobertPatton,KirkJ.Brower,ShannonBellefleur
andMikeCrawford
28 Efficacyofbrainstimulationandneurosurgical
16 Complexinterventionsforalcoholusedisorders 320 proceduresfortreatmentofmooddisorders 498
ValerieJ.Slaymaker,KirkJ.BrowerandMikeCrawford KunalK.PatraandEdwardCoffey
17 Complementaryandalternativemedicine 29 Psychotherapyfordepression:currentempirical
foralcoholmisuse 340 statusandfuturedirections 507
ElizabethA.R.Robinson,StephenStrobbe ScottTempleandJohnGeddes
andKirkJ.Brower
30 Alternativetherapiesformooddisorders 516
WilliamH.Coryell
Drugmisuse 351
Sectioneditors Anxietyandneuroticdisorders 525
OwenBowden-JonesandTonyP.George Sectioneditors
PeterTyrerandRandallD.Marshall
18 Empiricallyvalidatedpsychologicaltherapies
fordrugdependence 353 31 Treatmentofgeneralisedanxietyand
TaraM.Neavins,CarolineJ.Easton,JanetBrotchie somatoformdisorders 527
andKathleenM.Carroll PeterTyrerandDavidBaldwin
Contents vii
32 Panicdisorder 542 45 Effectivenessoftreatmentsofsexualdisorders 693
StacyShawWelch,MichelleCraske,MurrayB.Stein, MichaelKing
PhilHarrison-ReadandPeterRoy-Byrne
46 Disordersofgenderidentity 710
33 Specificphobiasandagoraphobia 553 JamesBarrett
SonyaB.NormanandArielJ.Lang
Childpsychiatry 719
34 Socialphobia 563
Sectioneditors
LauraCampbell-SillsandMurrayB.Stein
MatthewHodesandChristopherK.Varley
35 Obsessive-compulsivedisorder 574
47 Psychologicaltreatmentsforchildrenand
HelenBlairSimpsonandPhilHarrison-Read
adolescents 721
36 Post-traumaticstressdisordersandadjustment BrianW.Jacobs,StefanieA.Hlastalaand
disorders 588 ElizabethMcCauley
RandallD.Marshall,StevenB.RudinandPeterTyrer
48 Drugsandotherphysicaltreatments 733
BrianW.Jacobs,JenniferA.Varleyand
Eatingdisorders 611 JonMcClellan
Sectioneditors
UlrikeSchmidtandKatherineHalmi 49 Educationalinterventionsandalternative
treatments 741
37 Psychopharmacologyofeatingdisorders 613
BrianW.Jacobs,MichaelStorck,AnnVanderStoep
AndrewBennett,RishiCaleyachetty andWendyWeber
andJanetTreasure
50 Attachmentinsecurityandattachment
38 Othersomaticphysicaltreatmentsandcomplex
disorder 748
interventionsforeatingdisorders 622
JonathanGreen,MingWaiWanandMichelle
PhilippaHugoandScottCrow DeKlyen
39 Psychologicaltreatmentsforeatingdisorders 628 51 Feedingandsleepingdisordersininfancy
RozShafran,PamelaK.Keel,AlissaHaedtand andearlychildhood 755
ChristopherFairburn
HeatherCarmichaelOlson,NancyC.Winters,Sally
L.DavidsonWardandMatthewHodes
40 Educationalinterventionsforeatingdisorders 637
MimaSimic,PaulineS.PowersandYvonneBannon 52 Evaluatinginterventionsforchildren
withautismandintellectual
41 Alternativetreatmentsforeatingdisorders 642
disabilities 775
PaulineS.Powers,YvonneBannonandAdrienneJ.Key
PatriciaHowlinandHowerKwon
42 Complextreatmentsforeatingdisorders 647
53 ADHDandhyperkineticdisorder 782
ScottCrowandUlrikeSchmidt
ParamalaJ.Santosh,AmyHenryand
ChristopherK.Varley
Personalitydisorders 657
Sectioneditors 54 Oppositionaldefiantdisorderandconduct
AnthonyBatemanandMaryZanarini disorder 796
BrentCollett,StephenScott,CarolRockhill,
43 Personalitydisorder 659
MatthewSpeltzandJonMcClellan
AnthonyBatemanandMaryZanarini
55 Treatmentofdepressivedisordersin
44 Othertreatmentsforpersistentdisturbances
childrenandadolescents 808
ofbehaviour 682
KellySchloredt,RachelGershenson,Christopher
PeterTyrerandStephenTyrer
K.Varley,PaulWilkinsonandIanGoodyer
Sexualandgenderidentitydisorders 691 56 Treatmentofpsychosesinchildrenand
Sectioneditors adolescents 819
MichaelKingandJamesBarrett AnthonyJamesandJonMcClellan
viii Contents
57 Anxietydisorders 830
ChristopherK.Varley,AngelesDiaz-Canejaand
ElenaGarralda
58 Treatmentofeatingdisordersinchildrenand
adolescents 841
MatthewHodes,RoseCalderon,CoraColletteBreuner
andChristopherK.Varley
AppendixI:Summaryofspecificdrugshaving
evidenceofeffectivenessinmentaldisorders 855
MicheleSieandSallyGuthrie
AppendixII:Keytoeffectivenesstables 867
Index 869