Burket's Oral Medicine 11th Ed

601 Pages·2012·16.25 MB·English

Burket’s
ORAL
MEDICINE
ElEvEnth Edition
Burket’s
ORAL
MEDICINE
ElEvEnth Edition
Martin S. GreenberG, DDS, FDS rCS
Professor and Chairman Oral Medicine
Associate Dean Hospital Affairs
School of Dental Medicine
University of Pennsylvania
Chief of Oral Medicine
University of Pennsylvania Medical Center
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
MiChael GliCk, DMD, FDS rCS
Professor of Oral Medicine
Arizona School of Dentistry & Oral Health
Associate Dean for Oral-Medical Sciences
College of Osteopathic Medicine-Mesa
A.T. Still University
Mesa, Arizona
Jonathan a. Ship, DMD, FDS rCS
Professor, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Radiology, and Medicine
Director, Bluestone Center for Clinical Research
New York University College of Dentistry
Professor, Department of Medicine
New York University School of Medicine
2008
BC Decker Inc
Hamilton
iv Contents
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Contents v
▼ Contents
preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
1. introduction to oral Medicine and oral Diagnosis: evaluation of the Dental patient
Michael Glick, DMD, FDS RCS, Martin S. Greenberg, DDS, FDS RCS,
Jonathan A. Ship, DMD, FDS RCS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. pharmacology
Jonathan A. Ship, DMD, FDS RCS, Michael T. Brennan, DDS, MHS, Martin S. Greenberg, DDS, FDS
RCS, Peter B. Lockhart, DDS, FDS RCS, Spencer W. Redding, DDS, MEd, Vidya Sankar, DMD, MHS,
David Sirois, DMD, PhD, David Wray, BDS, MD, FDS RCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3. Ulcerative, Vesicular, and bullous lesions
Sook Bin Woo, DMD, MMSc, Martin S. Greenberg, DDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4. red and White lesions of the oral Mucosa
Mats Jontell, DDS, PhD, FDS RCS, Palle Holmstrup, DDS, PhD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
5. pigmented lesions of the oral Mucosa
Faizan Alawi, DDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
6. benign lesions of the oral Cavity
A. Ross Kerr DDS, MSD, Joan A. Phelan, DDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
7. oral Cancer
Joel Epstein, DMD, MSD, FRCD (C), Isaäc Van Der Waal, DDS, PhD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
8. Salivary Gland Diseases
Philip C. Fox, DDS, FDS RCS, Jonathan A. Ship, DMD, FDS, RCS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
9. temporomandibular Disorders
Bruce Blasberg, DMD, FRCD(C), Martin S. Greenberg, DDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
10. orofacial pain
Bruce Blasberg, DMD, FRCD(C), Eli Eliav, DMD, PhD, Martin S. Greenberg, DDS, FDS RCS . . . . 257
11. headache
Scott S. DeRossi, DMD, John A. Detre, MD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
12. Diseases of the respiratory tract
Sandhya Desai, MD, Frank A. Scannapieco, DMD, PhD , Mark Lepore, MD, Robert Anolik, MD,
Michael Glick, DMD, FDS RCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
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13. Diseases of the Cardiovascular System
Peter B. Lockhart, DDS, FDS RCS, Laszlo Littmann, MD, Michael Glick, DMD, FDS RCS. . . . . . . . 323
14. Diseases of the Gastrointestinal tract
Michael A. Siegel, DDS, MS, FDS RCS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
15. renal Disease
Scott S. DeRossi, DMD, Debbie L. Cohen, MD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
16. hematologic Diseases
Lauren L. Patton, DDS, FDS RCS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
17. bleeding and Clotting Disorders
Lauren L. Patton, DDS, FDS RCS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
18. immunologic Diseases
Jane C. Atkinson, DDS, Matin M. Imanguli, DDS, Stephen Challacombe PhD, FDS RCS,
FRCPath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
19. transplantation Medicine
Thomas P. Sollecito, DMD, Andres Pinto, DMD, MPH, Ali Naji, MD, PhD, David Porter, MD . . . 461
20. infectious Diseases
Lakshman Samaranayake, Hon DSc, Hon FDS RCS, DDS(Glas), BDS, FRCPath,
FHKCPath, MIBiol, FCDSHK, FHKAM(Path), FHKAM(DSurg), Michaell A. Huber, DDS,
Spencer W. Redding, DDS, MEd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481
21. Diabetes Mellitus and endocrine Diseases
Sunday O. Akintoye, BDS, DDS, MS, Michael T. Collins, MD, Jonathan A. Ship, DMD, FDS RCS . 509
22. neuromuscular Diseases
Eric T. Stoopler, DMD, David A. Sirois, DMD, PhD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537
23. basic principles of human Genetics: a primer for oral Medicine
Harold C. Slavkin, DDS, Mahvash Navazesh, DMD, Pragna Patel, PhD. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549
index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569
Contents vii
▼ Preface
The frst edition of this pioneering text titled Oral Medicine: Diagnosis and Treatment,
was published in 1946 just after World War II. The text was written entirely by one
man, Dr. Lester W. Burket, with the exception of a small section on “Oral Aspects
of Aviation Medicine” written by a major in the Dental Corps, Dr. Alvin Goldhush.
In this preface, Dr. Burket wrote that “Oral Medicine discusses the many important
relationships between oral and systemic disease and it suggests opportunities for a
more universal and intimate cooperation between medical and dental practitioners
in giving the best possible health service to our common patients.”
We believe that the 11th edition of this text follows the example set by Dr. Burket
and provides the clinician with an up-to-date description of all major aspects of the
science and practice of modern Oral Medicine, with the goal to enable the clinician
to provide the best health service to their patients.
During the past decade, the feld of Oral Medicine has expanded in both scope
and complexity and it is no longer possible for one author or even one editor to have
the expertise to write or oversee a majority of a book such as Burket’s Oral Medicine.
In order to accommodate the new knowledge, a third editor, Dr. Jonathan Ship,
was added and four entirely new chapters and 27 new authors of international
prominence and expertise were invited to coauthor chapters.
The frst chapter of this text presents a basic but also an innovative approach to
the evaluation and assessment of patients. It provides the necessary tools to properly
evaluate and treat patients with acute and chronic health conditions, which is
imperative when considering our aging and more medically complex population
Several chapters have been entirely rewritten by new authors including the
chapters on Red and White Lesions, Pigmented Lesions, Neuromuscular Diseases,
Renal Disease, Hematologic Disease, and Immunology.
For the frst time in Burket’s Oral Medicine, a comprehensive guide to the use
of pharmacotherapeutics is available. This chapter provides the entire scope of
medical management of major disorders in Oral Medicine for practicing clinicians
with detailed information on prescribing drugs in accompanying tables.
The chapters on Ulcerative, Vesicular and Bullous lesions as well as the chapters
on Benign Tumors and Oral Cancer have been extensively rewritten with the
addition of a new group of color photos and a more clinician-friendly format for the
evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of these common oral diseases.
An increasingly important discipline in Oral Medicine is the diagnosis and
management pain syndromes, and this portion of the text has been enhanced with
the addition of a chapter devoted to Headache. There is also a major revision of
advances in Orofacial Pain syndromes and Temporomandibular disorders.
The chapter on Salivary Diseases has also been revised and provides a state-of-
the-art overview of this growing feld. Details are provided on clinical presentation,
diagnosis including imaging using new multimodal techniques, and treatment. A
new section has been added on siallorhea and its pharmacological and surgical
treatment options.
vviiii CPonrteefnatcse
The medical chapters of this new text have been updated to refect recent advances
and how these changes alter guidelines and recommendations for safe effective
dental care. One major rationale for rewriting these chapters was to add more focus
on the provision of dental care for patients with complex medical conditions.
We have combined all of the information on endocrine diseases including
diabetes mellitus into one comprehensive chapter that provides the reader with an
updated, review of the major endocrinological diseases, their treatment, and head/
neck/intraoral manifestations.
A new chapter is dedicated to Genetic Diseases. Increasingly our understanding
of disease is enhanced by genetic sciences, and this chapter details the craniofacial
genetic diseases of interest to the Oral Medicine and dental practitioner.
The illustrations have been redone and are all in color. The vast majority of
references are also updated. The accompanying CD contains supplementary mate-
rial including the complete bibliography and an expanded section on Principles
of Diagnosis. This text refects the expertise, experience and hard work of clinical
scholars from many institutions, countries and specialties. We believe the eleventh
edition of this classic text provides the student, resident as well as the experienced
practitioner the information required to master the complex feld of diagnosis and
medical management of maxillofacial diseases as well as provide dental treatment
for patients with complex medical disorders.
Martin S. Greenberg, DDS, FDS RCS
Michael Glick, DMD, FDS RCS
Jonathan A. Ship DMD, FDS RCS
July 2007
Contents ix
▼ Contributors
Sunday O. Akintoye, BDS, DDS, MS Michael T. Collins, MD
Department of Oral Medicine Department of Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases
University of Pennsylvania National Institutes of Health
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Bethesda, Maryland
Faizan Alawi, DDS Scott S. DeRossi, DMD
Department of Pathology Department of Oral Diagnosis
University of Pennsylvania Medical College of Georgia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Augusta, Georgia
Robert Anolik, MD Sandhya Desai, MD
Allergy and Asthma Specialists Allergy and Asthma Specialists
Blue Bell, Pennsylvania Blue Bell, Pennsylvania
Jane C. Atkinson, DDS John A. Detre, MD
Center for Clinical Research Center for Functional Imaging
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research University of Pennsylvania
Bethesda, Maryland Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Bruce Blasberg, DMD, FRCD(C) Eli Eliav, DMD, PhD
Department of Oral Medicine and Biological Sciences Department of Diagnostic Sciences
University of British Columbia New Jersey Dental School
Vancouver, Canada Newark, New Jersey
Michael T. Brennan, DDS, MHS Joel Epstein, DMD, MSD
Department of Oral Medicine Interdisciplinary Program in Oral Cancer
Carolinas Medical Center Chicago Cancer Center
Charlotte, North Carolina Chicago, Illinois
Stephen Challacombe, PhD, FDS RCS, FRCPath Philip C. Fox, DDS, FDS RCS
Department of Oral Medicine Department of Oral Medicine
Kings College Dental Institute Carolinas Medical Center
London, England Charlotte, North Carolina
Debbie L. Cohen, MD
Department of Medicine
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania